Estrutura de capital, estratégia e competição de mercado na indústria de gás liquefeito de petróleo (GLP) no período 1995-2003

A indústria brasileira de gás liquefeito de petróleo, GLP, tem sido alvo freqüente, nos últimos anos, da atenção de órgãos reguladores, mídia e público em geral. Muitas têm sido as especulações a respeito de seu padrão de conduta publicados na imprensa, variando desde práticas predatórias até a formação disciplinada de cartel. A presente pesquisa, baseada em depoimentos de executivos da indústria e no acesso a dados das firmas dessa indústria tomado públicos - dados financeiros e operacionais - explora qual seja, afinal, o padrão de competição desse oligopólio. O estudo parte da Teoria da Estrutura de Capital aplicada para decisões de competição e mercado - preços e quantidades a ofertar para constatar que, dadas suas escolhas de estrutura de capital, as firmas esta indústria específica simplesmente adotam um padrão tradicional de arrefecimento da competição a partir de sua dívida. A dívida, nesta indústria, é utilizada para a criação de barreiras de entrada. Ainda assim, casos de acirramento da competição e de concentração de mercado foram encontrados, indicando que não haja uma disciplina formal de conduta por parte de suas firmas as quais devem, eventualmente, encontrar dificuldades - ou falta de interesse - na convivência em um mercado em fase de transformação.

A narrativa do mito: observando o consumo do luxo como espiritualidade

O consumo como espiritualidade de acordo com Holbrook (1999) e o consumo do luxo de acordo com Alléres (2000) foram os temas iniciais usados neste trabalho como forma de buscar conhecer o que o consumidor tem a dizer a respeito de suas experiências de compras especiais e marcantes. A partir da Taxonomia do Valor de Consumo de Holbrook (1999), este trabalho procurou responder à seguinte pergunta: como a narrativa do mito descreve o consumo enquanto eSpiritualidade? Nas entrevistas realizadas foi usada uma abordagem interpretativa onde os informantes pudessem fazer emergir livremente suas considerações sobre o assunto. Pelos dados levantados, a narrativa do mito parece ser usada como metáfora para descrever o consumo como espiritual idade. As categorias êmicas encontradas sugerem um direcionamento para os esforços de marketing de quem pretende proporcionar uma experiência relevante ao consumidor, principalmente a partir de uma perspectiva metafórica.

Escolariedade, salários e empregabilidade: implicações no mercado de empregos do Rio de Janeiro

The high degree of flexibility has been pointed as one of the outstanding characteristics of the Brazilian job market. Employability is being a frequent discussion issue among the professionals of the human resources area. The Human Capital Theory and the contemporary discussion concerning Employability argue the relationship of the educational practice and of the production practice in a capitalist economical-social structure as a whole. The education consequences in the individuals' life are reflected in several ways, direct and indirectly. Our objective is to evaluate, with statistics methods, and in that universe of consequences, the explanatory events of the relationships between education-wage and education¿job. The main reason of this work is to evaluate the relationship between education, wage and Employability from a structural model perspective, seeking to compare and to contrast two effective theories: the one from the human capital and other from the Employability. To make this analysis, a database of individuals that are working at the formal work market in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area, had been used. The results showed the education importance on the wage level, as well as, on the Employability factor, whose values and highest taxes correspond to the individuals graduated on the university.

"Marketing glocal": marketing global com estratégias locais como vantagem competitiva de mercado

The objective of this dissertation is to explore and deeply study the concepts about Glocal Marketing, explaining this recent phenomenon, highlighting the importance and the influence of local culture on the marketing mix of global organizations, in order to have successful commercialization of their products and services in different markets. Searching for a better understanding of Glocal Marketing became extremely important in the XXI Century, since there is an increase in the number of global companies which want to explore new markets in order to survive and remain in the highly competitive market. Concepts of Globalization, Marketing, Glocal Marketing, Culture are defined and explored. Also, the influence of culture on consumer behavior and on the marketing mix of global organizations is analyzed. The Hofstede¿s cultural typology is explained and it is used to give the reader an overview and a better understanding about the cultural influence in the acceptance of new products in new markets. The relationship between culture and marketing mix is discussed, as well as the importance of standardization versus customization of the marketing mix among countries with high cultural differences. The methodology is composed by descriptive research and a case study about a global organization, the Coca-Cola Company. Therefore, this dissertation aims to show and exemplify how the Coca-Cola Company applies glocal strategies on its marketing mix as a way to establish a competitive advantage in the market.

Orientação para o mercado e prática social: estudo de caso em empresa ex-estatal do setor de telecomunicações

The concept of market orientation appeared in the beginning of the year 1990 as one of the main marketing developments, getting prominence, at the end of the decade, in the strategy area as well. However due to universalization presuppositions and due to the statistical positivism, this concept seems to be limited for an organization type that still receives from researchers' little attention: nationalized companies. These companies origin is linked to the privatization processes, which happened throughout the years after 1990 in Brazil. Using an interdisciplinary approach, this thesis recognizes the main marketing and strategy debates; however it points for neglectful dimensions in both areas, necessary for a broader OPM concept understanding. With the objective of a broader understanding of the OPM concept, this thesis searches for the alignment of the OPM concept with the strategy as social practice conceptions as a framework for the conduction of a case study on nationalized companies belonging to the telecommunication sectors. The exploratory character of the study reveals important subjects that can help the development of the OPM concept in a broader way for future researches as: the government influence over markets, market culture development in nationalized companies and different market concepts existence.

Mercado brasileiro de medicamentos genéricos: análise do desemprenho de uma subsidiária de laboratório estrangeiro

The pharmaceutical industry is a segment that is dominated by transnational companies. This characteristic is visible in Brazil, where there are only three domestic laboratories in the top ten pharmaceutical companies list. From the 1970s onwards, the world pharmaceutical market went through deep changes caused mainly to the increase of regulatory control and patent expiration that led to the advent of generic medicaments. In 1999, it was published the law that allowed the introduction of generic medicaments in Brazil, creating a new market that is currently dominated by domestic laboratories. This dissertation proposes to identify the reasons for a subsidiary of foreign laboratory does not achieve the leadership of this market. The literature is based on international political economy and international business concepts that means, relations between subsidiary and head office, domestic and foreign companies and government. Four propositions are presented and tested through multiple sources of evidences. The empirical research was mainly grounded in interviews with key persons and participant observation that allowed access to information, which would be not available for scientific investigation. The results indicate that the relationships considered in this study affect the subsidiary performance in generic medicament market in regard to its ability to make decisions, price competitiveness and wide portfolio creation. The respondents considered those three aspects as success critical factors. The results can be used for future research, aiming to wide the focus of the study about domestic laboratory dominance in generic medicament markets. Another suggestion is to follow this market evolution regarding to the internationalization process of domestic laboratories.

Os fluxos internacionais de capitais para investimentos em portfólio no mercado financeiro doméstico : uma análise do caso brasileiro de 1994 a 2000

Esta dissertação procura avaliar, dentro de um contexto de economia globalizada, o comportamento dos fluxos de capitais estrangeiros para investimentos nas economias emergentes, com foco no Brasil e nos investimentos em portfólio. Considera que os fluxos desses capitais têm crescido, dramaticamente, nos últimos anos e que as propostas de reformulações do sistema financeiro internacional e a adoção de controles desses capitais não estão totalmente claras, merecendo maiores estudos. Por meio de comparação entre os fluxos para investimentos em portfólio e os direcionados para investimentos diretos, o texto, aborda e questiona também, conceitos que, geralmente, relacionam esses capitais à incidência de crises, enquanto que os fluxos de capitais para investimentos diretos são associados ao crescimento de alguns países.

Padrões de concorrência no mercado brasileiro de torrefação e moagem de café e 1997 - 2005

This dissertation aims at analysing the patterns of competition from the period of 1997-2005 in the Brazilian roasted and grounded market. For the development of this research, a questionary elaborated by the researchers Maria Sylvia M. Saes and Elizabeth M. M. Q. Farina, that was utilized with the firms associated to the Associação Brasileira da Indústria de Café (ABIC) in 1997, will be used. The same questionary will be replicated in the year 2006 in order to capture changes within the patterns of competition along those 9 years. The methodology applied in this study is the case study, with unit of analysis being the Brazilian roasted and grounded industry. The research will be descripitive, since it will describe the pattern of competition in the Brazilian roasted and grounded market. However, the study is also exploratory due to the fact that there isn't any research that analyzes the specific object of study. The results obtained suggest that, taking into consideration the relevant variables of structure, conduct and performance of the industry of roasted and grounded coffee, the pattern of competition remained the same throughout the period 1997-2005.

A orientação para mercado e a capacidade de resposta das organizações

Este trabalho mostra caminhos para encontrar respostas práticas e objetivas para a aplicação de teorias, conceitos e dogmas, da teoria administrativa no sistema empresarial, com foco claro no binômio empresa e mercado. É a busca de uma relação que traga maior compartilhamento de informações entre estes mundos, procurando um comportamento empresarial que atenda as necessidades de um mercado mutante e em constante alteração. Assim esperamos atenuar o nível de impacto causado pela utilização das teOlias administrativas - consagradas ao sucesso - num universo de mercado que apresenta multiplicidade de aspectos, crescimento de forma desordenada, e no caso brasileiro, uma cultura heterogênea e diversificada. Como resultado final, observou-se que a percepção das empresas pesquisa das, por meio de seus executivos, quanto à Orientação para o Mercado na relação proposta das variáveis analisadas - Capacidade de Resposta - Geração de Inteligência - Disseminação da Inteligência - Orientação para Competidorapresenta uma forte dificuldade de ação em detrimento de uma crescente Geração e disseminação de Inteligência, com preocupações quanto ao Competidor. Outros resultados encontrados no modelo proposto deixam claro que o que os executivos acreditam que suas empresas são mais orientadas para mercado do que realmente ocorre.

A relação subsidiária-matriz no mercado brasileiro de cosméticos

The objective of this work is to analyze the headquarters-subsidiary relation of a multinational company in the segment of cosmetics located in Brazil. In order to reach this objective, a revision of the literature on the international business area subject was carried, since this work aims to understand the different factors that influence the role of the subsidiaries in relation to the headquarters and to the markets they are installed. From this literature, some typologies were selected for the empirical analysis inside the selected company. The methodology used is a single case of study split in two sub-units of analysis, the subsidiary and the headquarters. For a better understanding of the research result, the characteristics of the multinational in the world, of the Brazilian cosmetic market and of the subsidiary are presented. This last one was divided in description of the operations, autonomy in relation to the headquarters and strategy. Finally, an analysis of the results combined with the literature explored in the typology is done, as well as an analysis in relation to the other authors not selected in the typology, but who were also considered in this work. The conclusion of this work makes possible to confirm that the subsidiary has no international responsibility and low autonomy in relation to its headquarters.

Uma análise do diferencial competitivo de hotéis associados a cadeias hoteleiras internacionais

The main purpose of this dissertation was to analyse whether hotels managed by international hotel chains present competitive differential when compared to hotels independently operated. This dissertation was only concerned with analyzing the benefits brought to the hotel, according to the marketing point of view, taking into consideration the differentials related to the brands, the distribution channels, the marketing budget and the commercial structure offered by the hotel chains to their affiliated hotels.This dissertation was developed through reading, as well as interviewing professionals of the area, such as hotels managers, hotel chains' directors, and consultant of hotel area in order to get to know their perceptions about the subject. Executive hotels under the luxury category were analyzed in the city of São Paulo.The conclusion was that hotels managed by international chains do present competitive differential in relation to the independently operated hotels. This differential is due to the usage of a brand known worldwide, the marketing budget, the sales and commercial structure of the hotels chains. This benefit is even bigger when the hotel is inside the international market.

Responsabilidade social empresarial no mercado de seguros brasileiro: influências culturais e implicações relacionais

The Brazilian insurance market is the ambience in which this research study takes place in search for a better understanding of how cultural characteristics are related with organizational signs, practices and expectations on social responsibility. The concepts of social responsibility as well as the concept of culture are presented and discussed from different points of view, in accordance with different authors and trough several methodological approaches, in order to establish a coherent theoretical basis for qualitative data analysis. The phenomenological attitude assumed by the researcher in especial dialogues situations during the field research phase added new possibilities of apprehension or emergence of each studied organization self orientation in terms of pre-occupation with social issues intimately related with their insurance activities in the market place. Final reflections show the complexity of the insurance cultural context in the studied Brazilian segment, in which cultural and subcultural national and organizational singularities appear. However leaving space for common values and coherent orientation toward the peculiar understanding of social responsibility as inherent to any insurance company activities, themselves. Last comments point out that future research studies may give additional contribution for the continuity of the discussions initiated in this dissertation, expecting that some changes in the organizational posture and practices may happen, especially those related with risk taking and broad processes of communication with clients and society as a whole.

Avaliação da composição serviço-bem na escolha do consumidor-abordagem da análise conjunta no mercado de telefonia celular

As relações entre os atributos presentes em uma oferta e o desempenho das empresas são de considerável interesse para os pesquisadores de marketing. Esta dissertação investiga os atributos motivadores de uma escolha no mercado de telefonia celular, cujas ofertas pressupõem a aquisição simultânea de um bem (aparelho celular) com a contratação de um serviço. Dados foram coletados a partir de um survey com 302 entrevistados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e foram analisados à luz da análise conjunta. Objetivou-se responder qual a relevância dos atributos na escolha do consumidor e evidenciar, a partir destes pesos relativos, a importância do bem (aparelho celular) e do serviço em uma situação de compra conjunta. Resultados demonstraram que as importâncias relativas dos atributos referentes ao componente aparelho (marca do fabricante, preço e funcionalidades) obtiveram valores significamente maiores do que as importâncias relativas do componente serviço (marca da prestadora, preço e funcionalidades) Ao constituir-se o ranking dos atributos para cada um dos componentes constataram-se também diferenças quanto as suas colocações. Os resultados indicam também a forte influência do preço do aparelho celular sobre a escolha do consumidor, tendo este atributo o maior peso relativo absoluto. O autor desta dissertação sugere que o resultado é justificado pela compra do aparelho representar um desembolso imediato enquanto o preço do serviço, embora sistemático, não ocorra no momento da efetivação da compra.

Método para identificação e hierarquização de atributos de preferência de produto recém lançado no mercado consumidor

Resumo não disponível.

Aplicando estratégias simultâneas de momento e valor no mercado brasileiro

A teoria de Finanças Comportamentais surge como uma nova abordagem ao mercado financeiro, argumentando que alguns eventos podem ser mais bem explicados se as restrições da racionalidade do investidor são relaxadas. Conceitos de psicologia e limites à arbitragem são usados para modelar as ineficiências, criando a idéia de ser possível ganhar sistematicamente do mercado. Este trabalho propõe um novo modelo, simplista na sua implementação, para aproveitar os retornos anormais advindos de estratégias de momentum e reversão à média simultaneamente. A idéia de um efeito momentum de longo prazo mais forte que o de curto prazo é introduzida, mas os resultados empíricos mostram que a dinâmica do mercado brasileiro rejeita este conceito. O modelo falha em conseguir retornos positivos e livres de risco.