A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, March 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, April 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, July 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, August 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, September 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, October 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, November 2003

Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program

2007-2011 Iowa Transportation Improvement Program

This document was prepared by the Iowa Department of Transportation to inform Iowans of planned investments in the state's transportation system over the next five years.

A-1A Supplemental Security Income Program, October 2006

Supplemental Security Income Program, October 2006

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, October 2006

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, October 2006

F-1 Food Assistance Program State Summary, October 2006

F-1 Food Assistance Program State Summary, October 2006

F-1 Food Assistance Program State Summary, November 2006

F-1 Food Assistance Program State Summary, November 2006

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, November 2006

A-1 Monthly Public Assistance Statistical Report Family Investment Program, November 2006

A-1A Supplemental Security Income Program, November 2006

A-1A Supplemental Security Income Program, November 2006

The role of interleukin-2 in memory CD8 cell differentiation.

The current literature on the role of interleukin (IL)-2 in memory CD8+ T-cell differentiation indicates a significant contribution of IL-2 during primary and also secondary expansion of CD8+ T cells. IL-2 seems to be responsible for optimal expansion and generation of effector functions following primary antigenic challenge. As the magnitude of T-cell expansion determines the numbers of memory CD8+ T cells surviving after pathogen elimination, these event influence memory cell generation. Moreover, during the contraction phase of an immune respons where most antigen-specific CD8+ T cells disappear by apoptosis, IL-2 signals are able to rescu CD8+ T cells from cell death and provide a durable increase in memory CD8+ T-cell counts. At the memory stage, CD8+ T-cell frequencies can be boosted by administration of exogenous IL-2 Significantly, only CD8+ T cells that have received IL-2 signals during initial priming are able t mediate efficient secondary expansion following renewed antigenic challenge. Thus, IL-2 signals during different phases of an immune response are key in optimizing CD8+ T-cell functions, thereby affecting both primary and secondary responses of these T cells.