Expressivit��t und Provokation ��� Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux��� Bronzeplastik ��Ugolino und seine S��hne�� und der Einfluss der franz��sischen Malerei der Romantik

Im Mittelpunkt dieser Untersuchung steht die Annahme, dass Carpeaux��� Plastik Ugolino und seine S��hne (1857-1861) in bewusster Auseinandersetzung mit der franz��sischen Malerei der Romantik entstanden ist. Sowohl hinsichtlich des Umgangs mit Material und Technik als auch in Bezug auf die Sujetwahl bestehen Parallelen zu Gem��lden von z.B. Eug��ne Delacroix und Th��odore G��ricault, die sich im Ugolino in Form eines unkonventionellen Zusammenspiels von Form und Aussage manifestieren. Es liegt die Vermutung nahe, dass Carpeaux sich der franz��sischen Romantik auch in ideeller Hinsicht verbunden f��hlte. Der Ugolino k��nnte folglich als provokative Stellungnahme gegen��ber den etablierten Institutionen des Kunstbetriebs des 19. Jahrhunderts gelesen werden.

Eine siy�����a als Bildungsroman? ��berlegungen zur Organisation des Reisetextes von ���ann�� Diy��b (1763/64)

���ann�� Diy��bs siy�����a umfasst Reiseerfahrungen eines jungen Maroniten aus Aleppo, der den franz��sischen Gesandten Paul Lucas im Jahre 1707 auf seiner R��ckkehr an den franz��sischen Hof begleitet, eine Zeit lang in Paris bleibt und allein zur��ckkehrt. Die Hinreise f��hrt ��ber den Libanon, Zypern, Nordafrika und Italien, die R��ckkehr nach einer Schiffsreise ��ber das Mittelmeer durch Kleinasien. Der Text versammelt viele Topoi, die aus anderen arabischen Reisetexten bekannt sind: Seesturm, Schiffbruch und Piraten, zerst��rte Geb��ude und wundersch��ne G��rten. Ebenso enth��lt er Anekdoten, Legenden und Episoden, die vermutlich zum Staunen anregen sollen sowie Fr��mmigkeit und Tugenden vermitteln. Das Besondere an dem Text liegt in der Kraft des Erz��hlens, mit der unterschiedliche Textteile ��� informative, dokumentarische wie unterhaltsame Abschnitte ��� zu einer zusammenh��ngenden Reiseerz��hlung verwoben werden. Die offensichtliche Einschreibung in eine bestimmte, meist als faktual verstandene Textsorte (ri���la, safra oder siy�����a) und der Authentizit��tsanspruch des Erz��hlers werden mit einer Neigung zur Fiktionalit��t kombiniert, die sich besonders in der Hervorhebung einzigartiger (Selbst-)Erlebnisse ��u��ert. In dem Vortrag sollen die verschiedenen Facetten von Diy��bs siy�����a als erste Ergebnisse eines close reading des Textes pr��sentiert werden. Es wird dabei der Arbeitshypothese des Dissertationsprojekts nachgegangen: Die siy�����a l��sst sich als eine Kompilation verschiedener Textsorten, Themen und Schreibweisen interpretieren und liefert daher einen Zugang zu Wissenshorizonten und Wissensordnungen im Aleppo des 18. Jahrhunderts. Ziel ist es allerdings auch, das Funktionieren und den Zweck dieses Textes als individuelles literarisches Ereignis zu bestimmen. In diesem Sinne soll schlie��lich diskutiert werden, in welcher Hinsicht diese siy�����a als Bildungsroman verstanden werden kann.

Jubil��umsschrift der j��dischen Gemeinde von Nonnenweier : 1707/1927

verfa��t von Iwan Meyer

Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Switzerland: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects up to 7��% of the European population. Specific HBV genotypes are associated with rapid progression to end-stage liver disease and sub-optimal interferon treatment responses. Although the geographic distribution of HBV genotypes differs between regions, it has not been studied in Switzerland, which lies at the crossroads of Europe. METHODS In a retrospective analysis of 465 HBV samples collected between 2002 and 2013, we evaluated the HBV genotype distribution and phylogenetic determinants, as well as the prevalence of serological evidence of hepatitis delta, hepatitis C and HIV infections in Switzerland. Baseline characteristics of patients were compared across their region of origin using Fisher's exact test and ANOVA, and risk factors for HBeAg positivity were assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS The Swiss native population represented 15.7��% of HBV-infected patients living in Switzerland. In the overall population, genotype D was most prevalent (58.3��%), whereas genotype A (58.9��%) was the predominant genotype among the Swiss native population. The prevalence of patients with anti-HDV antibodies was 4.4��%. Patients of Swiss origin were most likely to be HBeAg-positive (38.1��%). HBV genotypes of patients living in Switzerland but sharing the same original region of origin were consistent with their place of birth. CONCLUSIONS The molecular epidemiology of HBV infection in Switzerland is driven by migration patterns and not by the genotype distribution of the native population. The prevalence of positive anti-HDV antibodies in our cohort was very low.

T- and B-cell responses and previous exposure to hepatitis B virus in 'anti-HBc alone' patients.

A serologic response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) defined as 'anti-HBc alone' is commonly observed, but its significance remains unclear. This study aimed to define the relationship between 'anti-HBc alone' serostatus and HBV infection, including HBV-specific T- and B-cell memory responses. We enrolled 31 'anti-HBc alone' patients. Total HBV DNA and cccDNA were tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in liver samples from 22 'anti-HBc alone' patients vs controls (chronic or resolved HBV infection), followed by HBsAg/HBcAg immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. IFN-�� secretion by HBV-specific T cells was compared in individuals who were 'anti-HBc alone' (n��=��27), resolved HBV (n��=��21), chronic HBV (n��=��24) and 12 healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assays. An HBsAg-IgG B-cell ELISpot assay was performed in 'anti-HBc alone' patients before and after one dose of recombinant HBsAg vaccine. The majority (23/31, 74.2%) of the 'anti-HBc alone' individuals were co-infected with HCV. Infrequent intrahepatic total HBV DNA (2/22, 9.1%) and cccDNA (1/22, 4.5%) were detected in biopsies; HBsAg and HBcAg IHC staining was negative. HBV-specific T-cell responses were similar between 'anti-HBc alone' individuals and HBV resolvers. Circulating HBV-memory B-cell responses were detected in all 'anti-HBc alone' individuals, consistent with an HBsAg-specific memory pool. After one HBV vaccine dose, increased anti-HBs antibody levels were observed, accompanied by an expansion of HBsAg-specific memory B cells (P��=��0.0226). 'Anti-HBc alone' individuals showed HBV-specific T-cell and memory B-cell responses typical of previous viral exposure and protective memory, suggesting a resolved infection.

Fortsetzung derer Siege und Eroberungen des Schwedis. Heldens Gustavi Adolphi : wie solcher von Anno 1631, bi�� An��o 1632 beygef��gte in Kupffer gestochne St��dte und Pl��tze ... ��berfallen und erobert ...

E. B. a. H. fecit et exc.

Lettres de Armand Jean Le Bouthillier de Ranc��

recueillies et publ. par B. Gonod

Appendix A. Whole-rock major, trace and rare earth element analyses of the Ulubey volcanics, Appendix B. Analytical standards and detection limits for analyses

Collisional and post-collisional volcanic rocks in the Ulubey (Ordu) area at the western edge of the Eastern Pontide Tertiary Volcanic Province (EPTVP) in NE Turkey are divided into four suites; Middle Eocene (49.4-44.6 Ma) aged Andesite-Trachyandesite (AT), Trachyandesite-Trachydacite-Rhyolite (TTR), Trachydacite-Dacite (TD) suites, and Middle Miocene (15.1 Ma) aged Trachybasalt (TB) suite. Local stratigraphy in the Ulubey area starts with shallow marine environment sediments of the Paleocene-Eocene time and then continues extensively with sub-aerial andesitic to rhyolitic and rare basaltic volcanism during Eocene and Miocene time, respectively. Petrographically, the volcanic rocks are composed primarily of andesites/trachyandesites, with minor trachydacites/rhyolites, basalts/trachybasalts and pyroclastics, and show porphyric, hyalo-microlitic porphyric and rarely glomeroporphyric, intersertal, intergranular, fluidal and sieve textures. The Ulubey (Ordu) volcanic rocks indicate magma evolution from tholeiitic-alkaline to calc-alkaline with medium-K contents. Primitive mantle normalized trace element and chondrite normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns show that the volcanic rocks have moderate light rare earth element (LREE)/heavy rare earth element (HREE) ratios relative to E-Type MORB and depletion in Nb, Ta and Ti. High Th/Yb ratios indicate parental magma(s) derived from an enriched source formed by mixing of slab and asthenospheric melts previously modified by fluids and sediments from a subduction zone. All of the volcanic rocks share similar incompatible element ratios (e.g., La/Sm, Zr/Nb, La/Nb) and chondrite-normalized REE patterns, indicating that the basic to acidic rocks originated from the same source. The volcanic rocks were produced by the slab dehydration-induced melting of an existing metasomatized mantle source, and the fluids from the slab dehydration introduced significant large ion lithophile element (LILE) and LREE to the source, masking its inherent HFSE-enriched characteristics. The initial 87Sr/86Sr (0.7044-0.7050) and eNd (-0.3 to +3.4) ratios of the volcanics suggest that they originated from an enriched lithospheric mantle source with low Sm/Nd ratios. Integration of the geochemical, petrological and isotopical with regional and local geological data suggest that the Tertiary volcanic rocks from the Ulubey (Ordu) area were derived from an enriched mantle, which had been previously metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab during Eocene to Miocene in collisional and post-collisional extension-related geodynamic setting following Late Mesozoic continental collision between the Eurasian plate and the Tauride-Anatolide platform.

Ice and snow measurements during Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise NBP0709 (SIMBA experiment)

The Sea Ice Mass Balance in the Antarctic (SIMBA) experiment was conducted from the RVIB N.B. Palmer in September and October 2007 in the Bellingshausen Sea in an area recently experiencing considerable changes in both climate and sea ice cover. Snow and ice properties were observed at 3 short-term stations and a 27-day drift station (Ice Station Belgica, ISB) during the winter-spring transition. Repeat measurements were performed on sea ice and snow cover at 5 ISB sites, each having different physical characteristics, with mean ice (snow) thicknesses varying from 0.6 m (0.1 m) to 2.3 m (0.7 m). Ice cores retrieved every five days from 2 sites and measured for physical, biological, and chemical properties. Three ice mass-balance buoys (IMBs) provided continuous records of snow and ice thickness and temperature. Meteorological conditions changed from warm fronts with high winds and precipitation followed by cold and calm periods through four cycles during ISB. The snow cover regulated temperature flux and controlled the physical regime in which sea ice morphology changed. Level thin ice areas had little snow accumulation and experienced greater thermal fluctuations resulting in brine salinity and volume changes, and winter maximum thermodynamic growth of ~0.6 m in this region. Flooding and snow-ice formation occurred during cold spells in ice and snow of intermediate thickness. In contrast, little snow-ice formed in flooded areas with thicker ice and snow cover, instead nearly isothermal, highly permeable ice persisted. In spring, short-lived cold air episodes did not effectively penetrate the sea ice nor overcome the effect of ocean heat flux, thus favoring net ice thinning from bottom melt over ice thickening from snow-ice growth, in all cases. These warm ice conditions were consistent with regional remote sensing observations of earlier ice breakup and a shorter sea ice season, more recently observed in the Bellingshausen Sea.