Estado nutricional e marcadores clínico-bioquímicos em indivíduos portadores de carcinoma gastrointestinal

O estado nutricional de indivíduos portadores de carcinoma gastrointestinal é frequentemente afetado, sendo agravado em função da carcinogênese promover ativação do processo inflamatório e consequente ativação do sistema imunológico, com produção de citocinas e proteínas de fase aguda, como proteína C- reativa, que resulta no hipermetabolismo, acelerando a perda de peso e progredindo para o quadro de caquexia. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o estado nutricional e os marcadores clínico-bioquímicos em indivíduos portadores de carcinoma gastrointestinal, atendidos no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB), em Belém-PA. Foi realizado estudo transversal, descritivo, observacional com pacientes adultos e idosos, portadores de carcinoma gastrointestinal atendidos na Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia e na clínica cirúrgica do HUJBB, no período de dezembro de 2013 a julho de 2014. Realizou-se avaliação nutricional por meio de parâmetros antropométricos, que incluíram índice de massa corporal (IMC), percentual de perda de peso (%PP), circunferência do braço (CB), circunferência muscular do braço (CMB), área muscular do braço corrigida (AMBc), prega cutânea triciptal (PCT) e músculo adutor do polegar (MAP), parâmetros bioquímicos, por meio da classificação da hemoglobina, contagem total de linfócitos (CTL), albumina, transferrina, índice de prognóstico inflamatório-nutricional (IPIN) e parâmetros subjetivos, utilizando-se a avaliação subjetiva global produzida pelo paciente (ASG-PPP), além da identificação e classificação da caquexia. Foram avaliados 44 pacientes, sendo 63,30% do sexo masculino com idade média de 61,2 anos (±13,3). 95,50% eram naturais do Pará, 45,50% residentes no interior, 50,00% apresentavam escolaridade em ensino fundamental incompleto e 52,30% não possuíam renda familiar. Do total de pacientes avaliados, 63,60% possuíam neoplasia de estômago; destes, 50,00% estavam em estádio clínico IV e 73,30% em tratamento cirúrgico, com tempo médio de internação de 45,85 dias (±32,97). Na avaliação nutricional, verificou-se 20,50% de eutrofia para adultos e 42,30% para idosos, por meio do IMC, porém, em avaliação isolada dos compartimentos muscular e adiposo, verificou-se 59,10% de depleção grave por meio da AMBc, 54,50% por meio da PCT e 75,00% com presença de depleção em algum grau em CB e 68,18% em CMB. A perda de peso grave foi verificada em 61,36% dos pacientes avaliados e no MAP, obteve-se maior prevalência de depleção moderada (30,20%). Nos parâmetros bioquímicos, observou-se redução grave em hemoglobina em 61,40% dos pacientes, depleção leve em CTL em 56,80%, de albumina em 47,70% e depleção moderada de transferrina em 45,50%. Na avaliação do IPIN, verificou-se médio risco de complicação para 56,80% dos pacientes avaliados. Na ASG-PPP, 63,60% dos pacientes foram classificados em desnutrição grave e a presença de caquexia sintomática foi de 54,50%. No que se refere à análise de correlação, constatou-se que houve correlação positiva e significativa de IMC com CMB, CB, PCT, AMBc, MAP e Hemoglobina; CMB com CB e AMBc; CB com PCT, AMBc, MAP, e hemoglobina; PCT com AMBc; AMBc com MAP. Na análise de componente principal, verificou-se como métodos mais sensíveis para a detecção de desnutrição a avaliação de CB, AMBc, CMB, IMC, PCT, MAP, IPIN e avaliação da caquexia. Desta forma, os resultados obtidos no presente estudo evidenciam o comprometimento nutricional em pacientes portadores de carcinoma gastrointestinal, por diferentes parâmetros, demonstrando assim que a desnutrição ocorre de forma global, com perdas tanto de tecido adiposo quanto de tecido muscular, assim como alterações a nível bioquímico.

Extranodal nasal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma: a rare oral presentation and FASN, CD44 and GLUT-1 Expression

O linfoma de células natural killers (NK)/T extranodal é um tumor maligno agressivo com características clinicopatológicas distintas, caracterizadas por invasão e destruição vasculares, necrose proeminente, fenótipo linfocítico citotóxico e uma forte associação com o vírus Epstein-Barr. Relatamos aqui um caso de linfoma de células NK/T nasal extranodal, envolvendo o seio maxilar, assoalho de órbita, e interessantemente estendendo-se para a cavidade oral através do osso alveolar e mucosa vestibular, preservando o palato, levando a um diagnóstico inicial equivocado de doença periodontal agressiva. Ainda, nós investigamos pela primeira vez a expressão imunoistoquímica das proteínas Fatty acid sinthase (FASN) e glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) nesta neoplasia. FASN revelou uma forte expressão citoplasmática nas células neoplásicas, enquanto GLUT-1 e CD44 foram negativas. Estes achados sugerem que a expressão de FASN e a perda de CD44 podem estar envolvidas na patogênese do linfoma de células NK/T nasal extranodal, e que GLUT-1 não deve participar da adaptação das células tumorais ao ambiente de hipóxia. Estudos adicionais com séries maiores são necessários para confirmar nossos resultados iniciais.

Karyotypic evolution of ribosomal sites in buffalo subspecies and their crossbreed

Domestic buffaloes are divided into two group based on cytogenetic characteristics and habitats: the “river buffaloes” with 2n = 50 and the “swamp buffaloes”, 2n = 48. Nevertheless, their hybrids are viable, fertile and identified by a 2n = 49. In order to have a better characterization of these different cytotypes of buffaloes, and considering that NOR-bearing chromosomes are involved in the rearrangements responsible for the karyotypic differences, we applied silver staining (Ag-NOR) and performed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments using 18S rDNA as probe. Metaphases were obtained through blood lymphocyte culture of 21 individuals, including river, swamp and hybrid cytotypes. Ag-NOR staining revealed active NORs on six chromosome pairs (3p, 4p, 6, 21, 23, 24) in the river buffaloes, whereas the swamp buffaloes presented only five NOR-bearing pairs (4p, 6, 20, 22, 23). The F1 crossbreed had 11 chromosomes with active NORs, indicating expression of both parental chromosomes. FISH analysis confirmed the numerical divergence identified with Ag-NOR. This result is explained by the loss of the NOR located on chromosome 4p in the river buffalo, which is involved in the tandem fusion with chromosome 9 in this subspecies. A comparison with the ancestral cattle karyotype suggests that the NOR found on the 3p of the river buffalo may have originated from a duplication of ribosomal genes, resulting in the formation of new NOR sites in this subspecies.

Leucograma e metabolismo oxidativo de neutrófilos em cabras da raça Saanen nos períodos de gestação, parto e pós-parto

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the leukocyte count and the oxidative metabolism of neutrophil in Saanen goats during periods of pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. Were used 20 Saanen goats, clinically healthy and serologically negative for caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture 49 (M1), 42 (M2), 35 (M3), 28 (M4), 21 (M5), 14 (M6), seven (M7), three (M8) days before the parturition, on the day of birth (M9), three (M10) and seven (M11) days postpartum, for the leukocyte count, and serum for cortisol, estradiol and progesterone determination. From 28 days (M4) before parturition until seven days postpartum (M11) blood samples were collected for evaluation of oxidative metabolism of neutrophils by the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT). The results showed that at parturition day there were an increase in cortisol and estradiol levels and a decrease in progesterone serum, neutrophilic leukocytosis and left shift slight, decrease of lymphocytes, increase in the neutrophil: lymphocyte, eosinopenia, monocytosis and basophilia. There was a neutrophilic leukocytosis and an increase in the neutrophil: lymphocyte on the seventh day postpartum. There were not significant alterations in oxidative metabolism of neutrophils during pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. It was concluded that parturition causes an elevation in cortisol and estradiol levels and a decrease in progesterone serum determining a neutrophilic leukocytosis and left shift slight, with a reduction of lymphocytes, increase in the neutrophil:lymphocyte, eosinopenia, monocytosis and basophilia. Neutrophilic leukocytosis, increase in the neutrophil: lymphocyte and fibrinogen are detected on the seventh day postpartum. Pregnancy, parturition and the postpartum do not change the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils evaluated by NBT reduction test.

Avaliação imunofenotípica de subpopulações linfocitárias no sangue do cordão umbilical e periférico de suínos neonatos (Sus scrofa)

Considering the importance of umbilical cord blood as a potential source of stem cell and, on the other hand, the use of the domestic swine (Sus scrofa) as a useful model for biomedical research in regenerative medicine and aiming to contribute about the quantification of lymphocyte subsets in umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood of newborn piglets, this study aimed to quantify CD4+, CD5+ and CD8+ cells from umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood from pigs at term blood samples. Were analyzed samples of the umbilical cord blood and peripheral of 48 piglets of Topigs lineage, from healthy mothers, artificially inseminated and natural birth. Blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord at birth, by the umbilical vein, and peripheral blood by venous sinus retro-ophthalmic. The immunological measurements of CD4+, CD5+ and CD8+ were obtained by flow cytometry. The relative average values for the CD4+, CD5+ e CD8+ counts in umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood of newborn piglets were inferior to those reported for peripheral blood in adult pigs, suggesting immunological immaturity. The ratio CD4+:CD8+ in umbilical cord blood (3.2±1.2%) and peripheral blood (3.2±1.7%) showed a predominance of TCD4+ over TCD8+. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells was 1.37±0.86% and 1.15±0.57%, respectively, in umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood.

Immune response of broiler chickens immunized orally with the recombinant proteins flagellin and the subunit B of cholera toxin associated with Lactobacillus spp.

Processo FAPESP: 09/53570-3

Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Poly(epsilon-Caprolactone) Nanocapsules Containing Triazine Herbicides

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modulation of cell proliferation, survival and gene expression by RAGE and TLR signaling in cells of the innate and adaptive immune response: role of p38 MAPK and NF-KB

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Deleterious effects of low level of vitamin E and high stocking density on the hematology response of pacus, during chronic inflammatory reaction

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pyrenocine A Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium paxilli Ma(G) K

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Imunidade celular em caninos neonatos - do nascimento ao 45° dia de idade

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of autohemotherapy on hematological responses in Wistar female rats Autohemotherapy in rats

Introduction: Autohemotherapy is a type of treatment that have acquired an opposite role and have presented its efficiency strived by the medical community for many reasons. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of authohaemotherapy on hematological response. Method: We used Wistar female rats (300g). The study consisted in a control group and a treatment group, blood samples were collected at the first day and at the eighth day after the application. In the both groups we collected 300 μl of blood from each rat through a syringe with a previously prepared solution of 30 μl of sodium citrate 3.2%. In the autohemotherapy group the blood sample was immediately injected in the quadriceps muscle on the back of the thigh hind limb. Rats from the control group did not receive intramuscular blood application. The cellular count was done through flow cytometry and the samples were dosed for immunoglobulin. Results: In the both groups we observed increased production of erytrocites, hemoglobin and platelet (p<0.05). However, there was reduction of basophil in the control group and reduction of lymphocyte, monocyte and neutrophil in the both groups. No effects were observed in IgA, IgG and IgM levels. Conclusion: Autohemotherapy did not influence hematological responses in Wistar female rats.

Atividade imunomoduladora de parasporina de Bacillus thuringiensis sobre linfócitos e monócitos humanos

Bacillus thuringiensis is an environmental bacteria that produces a group of crystallizable proteins (Cry) that are toxic for several insects and worms species. Recently, it was described a novel class of Cry proteins called parasporins (PS) that showed cytotoxic effects on animal and human tumor cells. Six types of PS have been described so far, PS1 to PS6, and their cytotoxic activity has been studied. However, the direct effect on tumor cells has been the current research focus, while the immunomodulatory role of the PS has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to verify whether PS of TC 2.3.1R6 B. thuringiensis strain has immunostimulatory activity on human lymphocytes and monocytes. We have evaluated the protein toxicity against human cells, the lymphoproliferative activity and the effects on peripheral blood monocytes. The PS-PK showed no toxic or stimulating activity on lymphocyte proliferation. However, it inhibited the spontaneous production of IL-10 as well as ConA-induced and the production of IFN-γ. PS-PK decreased the release of hydrogen peroxide and increased the production of TNF- α by monocytes. PS-PK performed inhibitory production of hydrogen peroxide and TNF-α by monocytes, whereas PS-Tp showed stimulation of the production of hydrogen and TNF-α

Efeitos da adição de mananoproteínas derivadas da parede celular de leveduras sobre parâmetros imunológicos de cães adultos e idosos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Estimativa da frequência da inversão SWBinv-1 entre pais de portadores ds síndrome de Williams-Beuren e pais de filhos normais do Brasil

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB