800 resultados para Jobotabek (Indonesia) -- Social conditions
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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O objeto central da pesquisa que deu origem a esta tese de doutorado foi analisar os efeitos segregativos que os grandes projetos urbanos provocam sobre as condições de moradia nas metrópoles amazônicas de Belém e Manaus. Adotam-se as projeções teóricas que interpretam a dinâmica urbana enquanto produto da acumulação do capital e que gera segregação social, numa perspectiva que permite comparar intervenções urbanas nessas duas metrópoles. Em cada uma dessas cidades, grandes projetos urbanos estão sendo implantados. Para efeito deste estudo, as experiências do Projeto Portal da Amazônia, em Belém-Pará e o Programa de Saneamento Ambiental dos Igarapés Manaus (PROSAMIM), na cidade Manaus-Amazonas, foram analisados como experiências de grandes projetos urbanos na Amazônia. O referencial teórico-metodológico teve a contribuição das teorias produzidas pela Escola Sociológica francesa, as anglo-saxônicas e as brasileiras, permitindo a construção de um pensamento crítico sobre a lógica que permeia os grandes projetos urbanos nas metrópoles amazônicas. Para isso, elegeu-se um procedimento operacional do tipo quali-quantitivo, tendo em dados primários e secundários as principais fontes de informação, materializadas por documentos históricos, oficiais, dados estatísticos, observação direta e realização de entrevistas com lideranças dos movimentos em defesa da moradia e da reforma urbana, moradores das áreas afetadas direta e indiretamente pelos programas em estudo e agentes de órgãos públicos. Os principais resultados são a constatação de que nas metrópoles amazônicas o processo de urbanização vem se dando desde o final do século XIX, com o advento da economia gomífera, intensificando-se a partir do Golpe Militar de 1964, quando foram fortalecidos os processos de exploração de recursos naturais e de adensamento populacional, com consequentes alterações físico-territoriais em Belém e Manaus. Nos anos recentes, as duas cidades vêm acompanhando o movimento de globalização do capital, ao adotarem os grandes projetos urbanos como a principal estratégia de renovação urbana, com suporte técnico e financeiro do Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID). Por fim, estes resultados apontaram efeitos segregativos, determinados pela implantação destes grandes projetos urbanos, uma vez que as ações de deslocamento compulsório impactaram de forma negativa a condição de moradia e trabalho de expressivas frações das classes trabalhadoras, tornando inacessível o Direito à Cidade, tanto em Belém como em Manaus.
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O presente trabalho vem contribuir com o estudo do clima urbano na cidade de Belém durante a época menos chuvosa, juntamente com uma análise das questões da segregação social deste espaço urbano. Foi realizada uma campanha de coleta de dados meteorológicos durante alguns dias na época menos chuvosa da região para se calcular o índice de conforto térmico nos bairros e compara-los com as tipologias sociais características de cada bairro. Os resultados indicaram que as zonas da cidade menos confortáveis foram a Oeste e a Central, pois são mais urbanizadas e possuem menos vegetação que as demais áreas, enquanto que as zonas mais confortáveis foram a Leste e Noroeste, que possuem mais áreas vegetadas e predominância de edificações baixas. As análises indicaram que não existe um padrão bem definido entre as tipologias sociais dos bairros e suas condições de conforto térmico, pois as características da superfície são mais significativas para as mudanças microclimáticas locais.
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The law that justifies the inclusion of people with disability in schools and companies has been in force since the end of the 1980thies. In view of its coercion, people with disabilities have been enrolled at schools and been employed in companies. This research attempts to analyze the inclusion process according to Axel Honneth's Social Recognition Theory. Backed by his three dimension recognition process, we show firstly that inclusion signifies a process of individuation and social inclusion. Then, we study the law in force, its goals and strategies of achievement. We show that recognition's approach allows interpreting the law of inclusion more generously - in a less positivistic way. Finally, we approach the conditions for schools and companies to accomplish the law of inclusion so conceived.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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We will discuss the new determinations of the degradation of work in the historical conditions of the 21st century. Thus, considering the determinations of the structural value appreciation crisis and the prevalence of machinefacture as a new form of capital production, the degradation of work sets itself not only as wage degradation but also as existential degradation, changing the historical records of the social issue in the 21st century. We will briefly explain the concepts of global capitalism, machinefacture, structural value appreciation crisis, existential degradation, just-in-time way of life, and ideological work.
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The city of São Paulo has, since the beginning of the expansion of its urban sprawl, represented relations of conflicts and contradictions between society and nature. Once the way society relates to nature is defined by how the social agents themselves correlate in certain social and historical contexts, the ways of interaction between the social and natural elements will be different according to the forms of production and appropriation of the urban space. Even more evident is the case of the great national metropolis, given its demographic dimensions and historical conditions, the process of urban expansion follows a logic where spaces of better quality for housing are occupied by those of better financial conditions. Thus, although there are exceptions, the poorest people live in places less desirable, in less resilient environments of lower environmental quality, relating to nature and its phenomena with greater risks. These risks are reflected here as recurring flooding, mudslides and landslides for which the rain is constantly blamed. So we have a situation where it is clear that a weather phenomenon differently interacts with different social groups. In this context, the study was conducted to compare extreme events occurred in two regions of São Paulo: the Freguesia do O, in the north side, and M'Boi Mirim, in the south side. Both are regions with large number of risk areas and are in the same urban climate unit. However, they present different conditions of social vulnerability. With the investigation of each extreme rain event occurred in the two regions, in the period of 2000-2010, supplemented by field research, we tried to observe how far the rain, with his intensity and volume, can, in fact, be related to the accidents.
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This paper presents the results of a study aimed at identifying and analyzing the theoretical and methodological principles that guide the practice of teachers in the early years of computer use in the teaching and learning. Specific objectives we seek to identify and analyze the social representations of teachers on the use of computers in teaching and learning. The research took a qualitative approach with a descriptive-explanatory and owned two phases of data collection: a) a questionnaire b) monitoring the daily practice of teachers in a selected school and semi-structured interview. The analysis of data was done through content analysis. Through the interrelationship of the data in the questionnaire, observation and interview, we found that the teachers surveyed have an address that does not match the teaching practice in the use of computers in the educational process. The theoretical expressed by teachers participating in the research meets constructivist beliefs and / or sociointeractionists but teaching practice thins primarily to behavioral assumptions. Observe social issues of representation when the speeches of the participating teachers did not correspond to their practices. Associated with this or as a cause of these conditions have failure, inadequacy or absence of teacher training for the use of computers in the educational process leading to under-utilization of this resource.
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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This is synthesis of the debates held during the round-table “Socioenvironmental conflicts, environmental education and social participation on environmental management”, at the V ENANPPAS (2010), which has focused on the discussion of four main themes: Socioenvironmental conflicts and the myths of social participation; Socioenvironmental conflicts and the uncertainty of conditions to environmental education immersed in problems and conflicts; Solution of Socioenvironmental conflitcts – actions mediated by instrumental rationality and emancipatory interest; Positive actions as dialogical-problematizing practice on concrete reality. From an initial provocative text, each member has brought his first contribution, followed by new questions as consequence of these speeches. The hole debate was recorded, transcripted and made a synthesis to present in this manuscript form.