927 resultados para Illustration of books.
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Tradicionalmente, teóricos dos estudos literários têm dado pouco enfoque aos textos orais por acreditarem na escritura como única fonte teorizadora dos textos artísticos desmerecendo, assim, o valor histórico e o caráter próprio da literatura oral. O mesmo ocorre com a literatura voltada para o público infantojuvenil, que, apesar de ter conquistado o mercado editorial, ainda encontra dificuldades em entrar para o rol dos livros aceitos pelo cânone literário. Por meio de adaptações e traduções, tem-se oportunizado a aproximação dos jovens leitores das obras clássicas, cujas linguagens e distância cronológica e social configuram fator de impedimento de sua leitura. O que se pretendeu neste trabalho foi discutir como se deu a passagem da literatura popular/oral para a literatura canônica, tendo como exemplo o caso do Rei dos Elfos e a constituição de um mito literário com base no oral/popular: do Faustbuch ao Fausto de Goethe. Buscou-se fazer uma reflexão acerca do próprio processo de literarização, a partir de histórias contadas através da transmissão e transformadas em literatura para, por fim, ser possível analisar as múltiplas adaptações de Fausto para a literatura infantojuvenil contemporânea.
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Decision making in an uncertain environment poses a conflict between the opposing demands of gathering and exploiting information. In a classic illustration of this 'exploration-exploitation' dilemma, a gambler choosing between multiple slot machines balances the desire to select what seems, on the basis of accumulated experience, the richest option, against the desire to choose a less familiar option that might turn out more advantageous (and thereby provide information for improving future decisions). Far from representing idle curiosity, such exploration is often critical for organisms to discover how best to harvest resources such as food and water. In appetitive choice, substantial experimental evidence, underpinned by computational reinforcement learning (RL) theory, indicates that a dopaminergic, striatal and medial prefrontal network mediates learning to exploit. In contrast, although exploration has been well studied from both theoretical and ethological perspectives, its neural substrates are much less clear. Here we show, in a gambling task, that human subjects' choices can be characterized by a computationally well-regarded strategy for addressing the explore/exploit dilemma. Furthermore, using this characterization to classify decisions as exploratory or exploitative, we employ functional magnetic resonance imaging to show that the frontopolar cortex and intraparietal sulcus are preferentially active during exploratory decisions. In contrast, regions of striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex exhibit activity characteristic of an involvement in value-based exploitative decision making. The results suggest a model of action selection under uncertainty that involves switching between exploratory and exploitative behavioural modes, and provide a computationally precise characterization of the contribution of key decision-related brain systems to each of these functions.
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We consider numerical characterization of DNA primary sequence based on the positions of bases (a, t, c, g) and the pairs of bases X, Y in DNA (X, Y=a, t, c, g). This leads to a representation of DNA by a numerical sequence. Then, we extract a novel invariant (molecular connectivity index) from the derived numerical sequences. The suitable invariant can offer a characterization of DNA primary sequence. Finally, we provide an illustration of its utility by making a comparison between ten DNA sequences belonging to beta-globin gene in different species. The evolutionary relationships of ten species we have revealed in this contribution accord with phylogenetic tree properly.
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红毛菜(Bangia Lyngb.)属于红藻门,与紫菜属同属红毛菜科,其味道和营养都优于紫菜。目前红毛菜栽培产业已在我国福建莆田展开,但栽培技术还有待提高。海藻栽培技术的发展和成熟依赖于对其生长发育过程的认识。本研究针对红毛菜发育过程及相关光合生理展开,并初步探讨了一采自山西娘子关泉淡水红毛菜群体(FWB)的系统地位。 色素突变标记的壳孢子萌发特征表明最初两次分裂产生的4细胞决定了完整植株的形态建成。成熟植株,为雌雄异体。雌性生殖器果胞的标志性分化结构为原始受精丝,环境因子是促发原始受精丝发展的外部因素,其膨大程度随受精的延迟而增大。原孢子是主要的无性生殖孢子类型,在不良环境中,藻体也会形成内生孢子或休眠包囊,或者藻体断裂后重新形成完整的植株。 红毛菜的生长发育很大程度上受环境因子的控制。高温不利于配子体的发育,15-20 ºC比较适宜。红毛菜无性繁殖的最适温度-光照组合为20 ºC-8 h,有性繁殖为15 ºC-12h。 不同发育阶段,PSII实际光合效率(Y(II))与细胞的健康状况以及光合器官完整性及其在细胞内的分布有关,而与细胞的类型关系不大。健康的假根细胞、已分化未成熟的精子以及果孢子细胞均具有很高的Y(II)。色素体由中间位变为围周位,中央大液泡(营养藻丝)和大小纤维囊泡(成熟孢子与精子)的产生,使得细胞Y(II)降低。刚放散的壳孢子Y(II)很低,说明在壳孢子由贝壳基质释放到自由水体过程,光合作用受到一定程度抑制;而2h后,Y(II)开始恢复,rbcL的转录水平非常高,为孢子的萌发储备物质和能量需求。 在失水和低盐胁迫下,藻体均维持较高的Y(II)。干出处理至藻体重量不再变化,复水后Y(II)可回复初始水平。海生红毛菜在100%淡水培养基中(约20ºC)培养7天后,部分雄性藻体依然活着。从而体现了红毛菜位居高潮带的生理优势。 FWB终生行无性繁殖,藻体形态与发生以及染色体数目(4条)与海生群体没有区别。而rbcL-rbcS Spacer序列显示,红毛菜海生群体(无性和有性)具有完全相同的序列,而FWB与它们有5bp差异,但是与欧洲、北美地区的淡水群体仅1bp不同,初步说明所有淡水红毛菜群体具有共同的原始起源。
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The phenomenon analyzed in the essay My Personal Space – The Private Virtual Collections of Art is the possibility of visiting the world’s museums by means of the Internet – visiting indirect, nevertheless enabling peaceful, profound, multiple and free contemplation of art. The function of Mon espace personnel (My Personal Space) of French museums of Louvre and Orsay that reveals some radical modifications in the perception, understanding and reception of art, is an illustration of this phenomenon. Using Mon espace personnel means traversing the virtual Louvre or Orsay and choosing works of art, their descriptions, analyses, publications etc. and then adding them to the internaut’s personal thematic albums. The phenomenon described is a starting point to the reflection on the significance of the space in which art exists (called, according to Golka, the form of art’s presence) with its ontology as well as its functions and the character of its reception. The identification of what this space is, in the context of the hybridization of the form and the content and the emergence of the computer culture (Manovich) as well as in the context of the popularization of the reality (Krajewski) and the decentralization of the world of art (Wójtowicz), is an important part of this essay. These phenomena are also inscribed in a wider context of the changes of the character, mission and role of the museum in the time of the digital revolution.
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Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie aplikacji zastosowania na krajowym poziomie stosowania przepisów unijnych koncepcji wykładni derywacyjnej Macieja Zielińskiego. Podjęto w nim próbę udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie o wzajemne relacje przepisów prawnych ustanowionych przez socjologicznie różnych prawodawców do norm postępowania odtwarzanych w procesie wykładni w oparciu o analizę syntaktyczną oraz treściową krajowych i unijnych przepisów prawnych z różnych gałęzi prawa. Zastosowanie założeń koncepcji derywacyjnej do rozstrzygania spraw z elementem unijnym prowadzi do konkluzji, że zarówno zjawisko rozczłonkowania (na poziomie syntaktycznym oraz treściowym), jak również kondensacja norm postępowania w przepisach prawnych przebiegać może w sposób krzyżowy pomiędzy aktami prawnymi ustanowionymi przez różnych prawodawców socjologicznych (faktycznych). Ponadto, analiza szczególnego typu unijnych przepisów bezpośrednio skutecznych, prima facie stanowiących źródło obowiązku normatywnego wyłącznie dla państw członkowskich, w świetle założeń koncepcji wykładni derywacyjnej uświadamia, że przepisy te stanowią w gruncie rzeczy modelową egzemplifikację zjawiska kondensacji elementów norm prawnych. Przeprowadzona analiza relacji zakresowych przepisów prawnych do norm postępowania wykazuje stosowalność koncepcji derywacyjnej w procesie rozstrzygania spraw z elementem unijnym. Koncepcja ta wyjaśnia szczególnie złożone problemy wykładni prawa w sprawach z elementem unijnym oraz dostarcza teorii i praktyce instrumentarium do ich rozwiązywania. Jej zastosowanie unaocznia jednocześnie złożoną strukturę systemu prawa, którą charakteryzuje zjawisko hybrydyzacji.
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Artykuł przedstawia działalność zasłużonego archiwisty i historyka, długoletniego dyrektora Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu, prof. dra Kazimierza Kaczmarczyka (1878–1966) w Poznańsko-Pomorskim Kole Związku Bibliotekarzy Polskich, w Związku Bibliotekarzy Polskich Koło Poznańskie, Związku Bibliotekarzy i Archiwistów Polskich Koło Poznańskie oraz w Stowarzyszeniu Bibliotekarzy Polskich Okręg Poznański do roku 1939 oraz w latach 1945–1966. Wspomniano także o udziale Kaczmarczyka w pracach poznańskiego Towarzystwa Bibliofilów Polskich w latach 1924–1939. W artykule omówiono jego księgozbiór oraz starania o sprzedanie książek Wydziałowi Humanistycznemu Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, a następnie Bibliotece Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego.
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Wydział Prawa i Administracji: Katedra Teorii i Filozofii Prawa
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Tolkien’s oeuvre and its problematic relationships with classical tradition serve in my paper as an illustration of the diverse approaches, methods, and styles of lecture concerning the nature of literary allusivity. As a point of departure in the paper has been taken the reflection on the common phrase about “antiquity in something” deployed broadly in the reception studies. T he questions raised here are as follows: what does precisely “in” mean in that metaphor? O r, to put it in more general terms, when an allusion to another text can be treated as an inherent part of interpretation? Answer to these questions was possible due to U mberto E co’s statements in the well-known dispute relating to the interpretation and overinterpretation; in conclusion I was trying to show that his criterion of textual economy in interpretation justifies somehow (as I believe) the new look on the essential T olkien’s symbol, i.e. the ring of power, as a symbol of the R oman imperial rule. This means (in the context of the translatio imperii and cultural change from pagan to Christian empire) that The Lord of the Rings can be seen in a way as a novelistic version of Augustine’s The City of God.
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W roku 2012 Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM obchodzi 50-lecie istnienia – działa od roku 1962 jako jednostka ogólnouczelniana Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Publikuje przede wszystkim monografie naukowe (w 50 seriach tematycznych), podręczniki, skrypty, słowniki, a także 25 czasopism naukowych (również w językach obcych). Rocznie ukazuje się około 150 tytułów. Za swoje osiągnięcia edytorskie wielokrotnie otrzymywaliśmy nagrody, m.in. na Krajowych Targach Książki Akademickiej ATENA, Wrocławskich Targach Książki Naukowej, Nagrody Klio na Targach Książki Historycznej, nagrody Stowarzyszenia Wydawców Szkół Wyższych im. ks. Edwarda Pudełki za najlepszy podręcznik akademicki oraz dyplomy i wyróżnienia w kolejnych edycjach Poznańskiego Przeglądu Nowości Wydawniczych, organizowanego przez Bibliotekę Raczyńskich. Nasze książki prezentowane były na międzynarodowych wystawach polskiej książki naukowej organizowanych przez Stowarzyszenie Wydawców Szkół Wyższych w: Paryżu, Londynie, Lwowie, Rzymie, Sztokholmie, Wilnie, Pradze, Kijowie, Petersburgu, Dniepropietrowsku, Watykanie, Wiedniu, Madrycie, a także na międzynarodowych targach książki we Frankfurcie, Londynie, Moskwie, Zagrzebiu, Győr (Węgry) i Pekinie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM jest pomysłodawcą i głównym organizatorem Poznańskich Dni Książki Naukowej, odbywających się nieprzerwanie od 1997 roku i gromadzących wydawców z całej Polski. Miejscem corocznych targów książki jest Hol Wielki Collegium Maius. Wydawnictwo jest jednym z członków założycieli Stowarzyszenia Wydawców Szkół Wyższych oraz członkiem Polskiego Towarzystwa Wydawców Książek.
Estudo de hábitos de higiene oral em crianças da Escola do 1º ciclo com Jardim de Infância de Sousel
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Monografia apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Medicina Dentária
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This presentation is about a song, ”Catford Riddim” by the A-Team, a group of grime artists from South London, specifically about how it came to be played, perhaps a bit too loudly, in the back of the 202 bus one January morning on a teenager’s mobile phone. As an illustration of how social networks and technological networks converge, the ”Catford Riddim,” insisting on the music’s own provenance from the SE6 postcode, shows the formation of a local ethnoscape in the global networks of peer-to-peer file sharing and online DIY distribution sites such as MySpace. Contesting the narrative of online social networks as routes to fame, I suggest that on the contrary they illustrate the emergence of local, even insular, ”scenes” of musicians, events and audiences.
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Two extreme pictures of electron-phonon interactions in nanoscale conductors are compared: one in which the vibrations are treated as independent Einstein atomic oscillators, and one in which electrons are allowed to couple to the full, extended phonon modes of the conductor. It is shown that, under a broad range of conditions, the full-mode picture and the Einstein picture produce essentially the same net power at any given atom in the nanojunction. The two pictures begin to differ significantly in the limit of low lattice temperature and low applied voltages, where electron-phonon scattering is controlled by the detailed phonon energy spectrum. As an illustration of the behaviour in this limit, we study the competition between trapped vibrational modes and extended modes in shaping the inelastic current-voltage characteristics of one-dimensional atomic wires.
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We describe an experimental system designed for single-shot photoelectron spectroscopy on free atoms and molecules at the Free Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH at DESY). The combination of the extreme ultra-violet (EUV) Free Electron Laser and a temporally synchronized optical fs laser (Ti:Sapphire) enables a variety of two-color pump-probe experiments. The spectral, temporal and spatial characteristics of both the EUV FEL and the optical laser pulses, the experimental procedure to control their overlap as well as the performance of an electron spectrometer used to obtain single-shot photoelectron spectra are discussed. As an illustration of the capabilities of this set-up, some results on two-photon two-color ionization of rare gases are presented. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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In 1700 few Irishwomen were literate. Most lived in a rural environment, rarely encountered a book or a play or ventured much beyond their own domestic space. By 1960 literacy was universal, all Irishwomen attended primary school, had access to a variety of books, magazines, newspapers and other forms of popular media and the wider world was now part of their every-day life. This study seeks to examine the cultural encounters and exchanges inherent in this transformation. It analyses reading and popular and consumer culture as sites of negotiation of gender roles. This is not an exhaustive treatment of the theme but focusses on three key points of cultural encounter: the Enlightenment, emigration and modernism. The writings and intellectual discourse generated by the Enlightenment was one of the most influential forces shaping western society. It set the agenda for scientific, political and social thought for the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The migration of peoples to north America was another key historical marker in the development of the modern world. Emigration altered and shaped American society as well as the lives of those who remained behind. By the twentieth century, aesthetic modernism suspicious of enlightenment rationalism and determined to produce new cultural forms developed in a complex relationship with the forces of industrialisation, urbanisation and social change. This study analyses the impact of these three key forces in Western culture on changing roles and perceptions of Irish women from 1700 to 1960.