Adaptivity in programming languages

A programming style can be seen as a particular model of shaping thought or a special way of codifying language to solve a problem. An adaptive device is made up of an underlying formalism, for instance, an automaton, a grammar, a decision tree, etc., and an adaptive mechanism, responsible for providing features for self-modification. Adaptive languages are obtained by using some programming language as the device’s underlying formalism. The conception of such languages calls for a new programming style, since the application of adaptive technology in the field of programming languages suggests a new way of thinking. Adaptive languages have the basic feature of allowing the expression of programs which self-modifying through adaptive actions at runtime. With the adaptive style, programming language codes can be structured in such a way that the codified program therein modifies or adapts itself towards the needs of the problem. The adaptive programming style may be a feasible alternate way to obtain self-modifying consistent codes, which allow its use in modern applications for self-modifying code.

Adaptive device with underlying mechanism defined by a programming language

An adaptive device is made up of an underlying mechanism, for instance, an automaton, a grammar, a decision tree, etc., to which is added an adaptive mechanism, responsible for allowing a dynamic modification in the structure of the underlying mechanism. This article aims to investigate if a programming language can be used as an underlying mechanism of an adaptive device, resulting in an adaptive language.

Conception of adaptive programming languages

Adaptive devices show the characteristic of dynamically change themselves in response to input stimuli with no interference of external agents. Occasional changes in behaviour are immediately detected by the devices, which right away react spontaneously to them. Chronologically such devices derived from researches in the field of formal languages and automata. However, formalism spurred applications in several other fields. Based on the operation of adaptive automata, the elementary ideas generanting programming adaptive languages are presented.

Adaptive languages and a new programming style

A programming style can be seen as a particular model of shaping thought or a special way of codifying language to solve a problem. Adaptive languages have the basic feature of allowing the expression of programs which self-modifying through adaptive actions at runtime. The conception of such languages calls for a new programming style, since the application of adaptive technology in the field of programming languages suggests a new way of thinking. With the adaptive style, programming language codes can be structured in such a way that the codified program therein modifies or adapts itself towards the needs of the problem. The adaptive programming style may be a feasible alternate way to obtain self-modifying consistent codes, which allow its use in modern applications for self-modifying code.

Using adaptive automata in a multi-paradigm programming environment

In this paper the architecture of an experimental multiparadigmatic programming environment is sketched, showing how its parts combine together with application modules in order to perform the integration of program modules written in different programming languages and paradigms. Adaptive automata are special self-modifying formal state machines used as a design and implementation tool in the representation of complex systems. Adaptive automata have been proven to have the same formal power as Turing Machines. Therefore, at least in theory, arbitrarily complex systems may be modeled with adaptive automata. The present work briefly introduces such formal tool and presents case studies showing how to use them in two very different situations: the first one, in the name management module of a multi-paradigmatic and multi-language programming environment, and the second one, in an application program implementing an adaptive automaton that accepts a context-sensitive language.

Um método para detectar falhas incipientes em máquinas rotativas baseado em análise de vibração e lógica Fuzzy

Este trabalho apresenta um método para detectar falhas no funcionamento de máquinas rotativas baseado em alterações no padrão de vibração do sistema e no diagnóstico da condição de operação, por Lógica Fuzzy. As modificações ocorridas são analisadas e servem como parâmetros para predizer falhas incipientes bem como a evolução destas na condição de operação, possibilitando tarefas de manutenção preditiva. Utiliza-se uma estrutura mecânica denominada de Sistema Rotativo (Figura 1), apropriada para as simulações das falhas. Faz-se a aquisição de dados de vibração da máquina usando-se um acelerômetro em chip biaxial de baixa potência. As saídas são lidas diretamente por um contador microprocessador não requerendo um conversor A/D. Um sistema de desenvolvimento para processamento digital de sinais, baseado no microprocessador TMS320C25, o Psi25, é empregado na aquisição dos sinais de vibração (*.dat), do Sistema Rotativo. Os arquivos *.dat são processados através da ferramenta matemática computacional Matlab 5 e do programa SPTOOL. Estabelece-se o padrão de vibração, denominado assinatura espectral do Sistema Rotativo (Figura 2) Os dados são analisados pelo sistema especialista Fuzzy, devidamente calibrado para o processo em questão. São considerados, como parâmetros para a diferenciação e tomada de decisão no diagnóstico do estado de funcionamento pelo sistema especialista, a freqüência de rotação do eixo-volante e as amplitudes de vibração inerentes a cada situação de avaria. As falhas inseridas neste trabalho são desbalanceamentos no eixovolante (Figura 1), através da inserção de elementos desbalanceadores. A relação de massa entre o volante e o menor elemento desbalanceador é de 1:10000. Tomando-se como alusão o conhecimento de especialistas no que se refere a situações normais de funcionamento e conseqüências danosas, utilizam-se elementos de diferentes massas para inserir falhas e diagnosticar o estado de funcionamento pelo sistema fuzzy, que apresenta o diagnóstico de formas qualitativa: normal; falha incipiente; manutenção e perigo e quantitativa, sendo desta maneira possível a detecção e o acompanhamento da evolução da falha.