Interferência de aulas de ginástica nos estados de ânimo dos praticantes

Atualmente pode-se observar a importância da atividade física na vida diária da população promovendo, além dos benefícios físicos, benefícios sociais e psicológicos. Nesse sentido a atividade física, mais especificamente a ginástica sistematizada (Body Systems), hoje em dia adepta a boa parcela da população, se tornou importante para seus praticantes, visando à prevenção de lesões, normalizando as funções corporais e proporcionando descontração e socialização. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi analisar a interferência das aulas de ginástica sistematizadas nos estados de ânimo de seus participantes. Participaram do estudo 35 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, estudantes do curso de Educação Física da UNESP de Rio Claro, SP, com disponibilidade para executar as intervenções semanais e que pudessem responder as listas de estados de animo (LEA-RI) antes e após a aula. Neste estudo foram analisados três estilos diferentes de ginástica, a ginástica com pesos, BODYPUMP, a ginástica cardiorrespiratória, BODYATTACK e a ginástica de condicionamento postural que provém de técnicas como o Yoga e o Pilates, o BODYBALANCE. Com base na analise binomial foi possível chegar a alguns resultados significativos quanto à interferência das aulas de ginástica nos estados de animo de seus praticantes. Ao praticar a aula de BODYBALANCE as pessoas se sentiram mais felizes, mais leves e menos desagradáveis correspondendo a proposta da aula. Com o BODYPUMP as pessoas se sentiram mais pesadas e na aula de BODYATTACK sentiram-se além de mais pesadas, menos tímidas, ou melhor, mais descontraídas. Isso mostra que as aulas de ginastica podem ser utilizadas não apenas para benefícios físicos, mas também com objetivos de direcionar para a alteração de determinados aspectos psicológicos

Estrutura de sistemas de três corpos fracamente ligados em duas dimensões

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Histologia e ultraestrutura do rim e rim cefálico do pacu

O pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, é um teleósteo da Família Characidae, intensivamente cultivado no Brasil devido sua rusticidade, crescimento rápido e fácil adaptação. O conhecimento morfológico dos sistemas corpóreos, incluído órgãos linfóide, se faz necessário, para uma melhor produção no cultivo de peixes, fornecendo subsídios na manutenção dos estoques. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever morfologicamente o rim e rim cefálico de Piaractus mesopotamicus, analisando os perfis celulares de cada órgão com o uso de microscopia de luz e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. O resultado da análise macroscópica mostrou que a localização do rim e rim cefálico são as mesmas encontradas na maioria dos teleósteos. O rim apresentou uma forma em "H", onde a região média se expandia sobre a bexiga natatória. O rim cefálico se apresentou como uma dilatação na região cranial do rim, mostrando-se bem visível. Na microscopia eletrônica de transmissão também foram observadas similaridades ultraestruturais com outros teleósteos. Observando nossos resultados concluímos que histologicamente e ultraestruturalmente, os órgãos linfóides rim e rim cefálico de Piaractus mesopotamicus são similares aos de outros teleósteos.

Polymeric micelles and molecular modeling applied to the development of radiopharmaceuticals

Micelles composed of amphiphilic copolymers linked to a radioactive element are used in nuclear medicine predominantly as a diagnostic application. A relevant advantage of polymeric micelles in aqueous solution is their resulting particle size, which can vary from 10 to 100 nm in diameter. In this review, polymeric micelles labeled with radioisotopes including technetium (99mTc) and indium (111In), and their clinical applications for several diagnostic techniques, such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), gamma-scintigraphy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), were discussed. Also, micelle use primarily for the diagnosis of lymphatic ducts and sentinel lymph nodes received special attention. Notably, the employment of these diagnostic techniques can be considered a significant tool for functionally exploring body systems as well as investigating molecular pathways involved in the disease process. The use of molecular modeling methodologies and computer-aided drug design strategies can also yield valuable information for the rational design and development of novel radiopharmaceuticals.

Study of electromagnetic reactions on light nuclei with the Lorentz Integral Transform method

In dieser Arbeit aus dem Bereich der Wenig-Nukleonen-Physik wird die neu entwickelte Methode der Lorentz Integral Transformation (LIT) auf die Untersuchung von Kernphotoabsorption und Elektronenstreuung an leichten Kernen angewendet. Die LIT-Methode ermoeglicht exakte Rechnungen durchzufuehren, ohne explizite Bestimmung der Endzustaende im Kontinuum. Das Problem wird auf die Loesung einer bindungzustandsaehnlichen Gleichung reduziert, bei der die Endzustandswechselwirkung vollstaendig beruecksichtigt wird. Die Loesung der LIT-Gleichung wird mit Hilfe einer Entwicklung nach hypersphaerischen harmonischen Funktionen durchgefuehrt, deren Konvergenz durch Anwendung einer effektiven Wechselwirkung im Rahmem des hypersphaerischen Formalismus (EIHH) beschleunigt wird. In dieser Arbeit wird die erste mikroskopische Berechnung des totalen Wirkungsquerschnittes fuer Photoabsorption unterhalb der Pionproduktionsschwelle an 6Li, 6He und 7Li vorgestellt. Die Rechnungen werden mit zentralen semirealistischen NN-Wechselwirkungen durchgefuehrt, die die Tensor Kraft teilweise simulieren, da die Bindungsenergien von Deuteron und von Drei-Teilchen-Kernen richtig reproduziert werden. Der Wirkungsquerschnitt fur Photoabsorption an 6Li zeigt nur eine Dipol-Riesenresonanz, waehrend 6He zwei unterschiedliche Piks aufweist, die dem Aufbruch vom Halo und vom Alpha-Core entsprechen. Der Vergleich mit experimentellen Daten zeigt, dass die Addition einer P-Wellen-Wechselwirkung die Uebereinstimmung wesentlich verbessert. Bei 7Li wird nur eine Dipol-Riesenresonanz gefunden, die gut mit den verfuegbaren experimentellen Daten uebereinstimmt. Bezueglich der Elektronenstreuung wird die Berechnung der longitudinalen und transversalen Antwortfunktionen von 4He im quasi-elastischen Bereich fuer mittlere Werte des Impulsuebertrages dargestellt. Fuer die Ladungs- und Stromoperatoren wird ein nichtrelativistisches Modell verwendet. Die Rechnungen sind mit semirealistischen Wechselwirkungen durchgefuert und ein eichinvarianter Strom wird durch die Einfuehrung eines Mesonaustauschstroms gewonnen. Die Wirkung des Zweiteilchenstroms auf die transversalen Antwortfunktionen wird untersucht. Vorlaeufige Ergebnisse werden gezeigt und mit den verfuegbaren experimentellen Daten verglichen.

Investigation of the nuclear matter density distributions of the exotic 12 Be, 14 Be and 8 B nuclei by elastic proton scattering in inverse kinematics

The proton-nucleus elastic scattering at intermediate energies is a well-established method for the investigation of the nuclear matter distribution in stable nuclei and was recently applied also for the investigation of radioactive nuclei using the method of inverse kinematics. In the current experiment, the differential cross sections for proton elastic scattering on the isotopes $^{7,9,10,11,12,14}$Be and $^8$B were measured. The experiment was performed using the fragment separator at GSI, Darmstadt to produce the radioactive beams. The main part of the experimental setup was the time projection ionization chamber IKAR which was simultaneously used as hydrogen target and a detector for the recoil protons. Auxiliary detectors for projectile tracking and isotope identification were also installed. As results from the experiment, the absolute differential cross sections d$sigma$/d$t$ as a function of the four momentum transfer $t$ were obtained. In this work the differential cross sections for elastic p-$^{12}$Be, p-$^{14}$Be and p-$^{8}$B scattering at low $t$ ($t leq$~0.05~(GeV/c)$^2$) are presented. The measured cross sections were analyzed within the Glauber multiple-scattering theory using different density parameterizations, and the nuclear matter density distributions and radii of the investigated isotopes were determined. The analysis of the differential cross section for the isotope $^{14}$Be shows that a good description of the experimental data is obtained when density distributions consisting of separate core and halo components are used. The determined {it rms} matter radius is $3.11 pm 0.04 pm 0.13$~fm. In the case of the $^{12}$Be nucleus the results showed an extended matter distribution as well. For this nucleus a matter radius of $2.82 pm 0.03 pm 0.12$~fm was determined. An interesting result is that the free $^{12}$Be nucleus behaves differently from the core of $^{14}$Be and is much more extended than it. The data were also compared with theoretical densities calculated within the FMD and the few-body models. In the case of $^{14}$Be, the calculated cross sections describe the experimental data well while, in the case of $^{12}$Be there are discrepancies in the region of high momentum transfer. Preliminary experimental results for the isotope $^8$B are also presented. An extended matter distribution was obtained (though much more compact as compared to the neutron halos). A proton halo structure was observed for the first time with the proton elastic scattering method. The deduced matter radius is $2.60pm 0.02pm 0.26$~fm. The data were compared with microscopic calculations in the frame of the FMD model and reasonable agreement was observed. The results obtained in the present analysis are in most cases consistent with the previous experimental studies of the same isotopes with different experimental methods (total interaction and reaction cross section measurements, momentum distribution measurements). For future investigation of the structure of exotic nuclei a universal detector system EXL is being developed. It will be installed at the NESR at the future FAIR facility where higher intensity beams of radioactive ions are expected. The usage of storage ring techniques provides high luminosity and low background experimental conditions. Results from the feasibility studies of the EXL detector setup, performed at the present ESR storage ring, are presented.

A scanning electron microscope for ultracold quantum gases

This thesis presents a new imaging technique for ultracold quantum gases. Since the first observation of Bose-Einstein condensation, ultracold atoms have proven to be an interesting system to study fundamental quantum effects in many-body systems. Most of the experiments use optical imaging rnmethods to extract the information from the system and are therefore restricted to the fundamental limitation of this technique: the best achievable spatial resolution that can be achieved is comparable to the wavelength of the employed light field. Since the average atomic distance and the length scale of characteristic spatial structures in Bose-Einstein condensates such as vortices and solitons is between 100 nm and 500 nm, an imaging technique with an adequate spatial resolution is needed. This is achieved in this work by extending the method of scanning electron microscopy to ultracold quantum gases. A focused electron beam is scanned over the atom cloud and locally produces ions which are subsequently detected. The new imaging technique allows for the precise measurement of the density distribution of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. Furthermore, the spatial resolution is determined by imaging the atomic distribution in one-dimensional and two-dimensional optical lattices. Finally, the variety of the imaging method is demonstrated by the selective removal of single lattice site. rn

Acute hemorrhagic edema of young children: a concise narrative review

Acute hemorrhagic edema of young children is an uncommon but likely underestimated cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The condition typically affects infants 6-24 months of age with a history of recent respiratory illness with or without course of antibiotics. The diagnosis is made in children, mostly nontoxic in appearance, presenting with nonpruritic, large, round, red to purpuric plaques predominantly over the cheeks, ears, and extremities, with relative sparing of the trunk, often with a target-like appearance, and edema of the distal extremities, ears, and face that is mostly non-pitting, indurative, and tender. In boys, the lesions sometimes involve the scrotum and, more rarely, the penis. Fever, typically of low grade, is often present. Involvement of body systems other than skin is uncommon, and spontaneous recovery usually occurs within 6-21 days without sequelae. In this condition, laboratory tests are non-contributory: total blood cell count is often normal, although leukocytosis and thrombocytosis are sometimes found, clotting studies are normal, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein test are normal or slightly elevated, complement level is normal, autoantibodies are absent, and urinalysis is usually normal. Experienced physicians rapidly consider the possible diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic edema when presented with a nontoxic young child having large targetoid purpuric lesions and indurative swelling, which is non-pitting in character, and make the diagnosis either on the basis of clinical findings alone or supported by a skin biopsy study.

Acute hemorrhagic edema of young children (cockade purpura and edema): a case series and systematic review

BACKGROUND: Acute hemorrhagic edema is an uncommon leukocytoclastic small-vessel vasculitis of young children. OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical features and outcome of acute hemorrhagic edema of young children. METHODS: Seven new cases are reported. A search of the literature revealed 287 published cases. RESULTS: The 294 children (boys, 67%) ranged in age between 2 and 60 months (median, 11 months) and were in good general condition. In 195 children the disease developed after a simple acute infection. The exanthemata included large, round, red to purpuric plaques predominantly over the cheeks, ears, and extremities and mostly tender edema of the distal extremities, ears, and face. Involvement of body systems other than skin was rare. The children recovered spontaneously without sequelae. LIMITATIONS: Results of this review must be viewed with an understanding of the limitations of the analysis process, which incorporated data exclusively from single case reports or case series. CONCLUSIONS: Acute hemorrhagic edema of young children is a very benign vasculitis. Physicians might rapidly develop the skills necessary to diagnose this condition.

In vivo biochemical 7.0 Tesla magnetic resonance: preliminary results of dGEMRIC, zonal T2, and T2* mapping of articular cartilage

INTRODUCTION: Ultra-high-field whole-body systems (7.0 T) have a high potential for future human in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In musculoskeletal MRI, biochemical imaging of articular cartilage may benefit, in particular. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping have shown potential at 3.0 T. Although dGEMRIC, allows the determination of the glycosaminoglycan content of articular cartilage, T2 mapping is a promising tool for the evaluation of water and collagen content. In addition, the evaluation of zonal variation, based on tissue anisotropy, provides an indicator of the nature of cartilage ie, hyaline or hyaline-like articular cartilage.Thus, the aim of our study was to show the feasibility of in vivo dGEMRIC, and T2 and T2* relaxation measurements, at 7.0 T MRI; and to evaluate the potential of T2 and T2* measurements in an initial patient study after matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) in the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI was performed on a whole-body 7.0 T MR scanner using a dedicated circular polarization knee coil. The protocol consisted of an inversion recovery sequence for dGEMRIC, a multiecho spin-echo sequence for standard T2 mapping, a gradient-echo sequence for T2* mapping and a morphologic PD SPACE sequence. Twelve healthy volunteers (mean age, 26.7 +/- 3.4 years) and 4 patients (mean age, 38.0 +/- 14.0 years) were enrolled 29.5 +/- 15.1 months after MACT. For dGEMRIC, 5 healthy volunteers (mean age, 32.4 +/- 11.2 years) were included. T1 maps were calculated using a nonlinear, 2-parameter, least squares fit analysis. Using a region-of-interest analysis, mean cartilage relaxation rate was determined as T1 (0) for precontrast measurements and T1 (Gd) for postcontrast gadopentate dimeglumine [Gd-DTPA(2-)] measurements. T2 and T2* maps were obtained using a pixelwise, monoexponential, non-negative least squares fit analysis; region-of-interest analysis was carried out for deep and superficial cartilage aspects. Statistical evaluation was performed by analyses of variance. RESULTS: Mean T1 (dGEMRIC) values for healthy volunteers showed slightly different results for femoral [T1 (0): 1259 +/- 277 ms; T1 (Gd): 683 +/- 141 ms] compared with tibial cartilage [T1 (0): 1093 +/- 281 ms; T1 (Gd): 769 +/- 150 ms]. Global mean T2 relaxation for healthy volunteers showed comparable results for femoral (T2: 56.3 +/- 15.2 ms; T2*: 19.7 +/- 6.4 ms) and patellar (T2: 54.6 +/- 13.0 ms; T2*: 19.6 +/- 5.2 ms) cartilage, but lower values for tibial cartilage (T2: 43.6 +/- 8.5 ms; T2*: 16.6 +/- 5.6 ms). All healthy cartilage sites showed a significant increase from deep to superficial cartilage (P < 0.001). Within healthy cartilage sites in MACT patients, adequate values could be found for T2 (56.6 +/- 13.2 ms) and T2* (18.6 +/- 5.3 ms), which also showed a significant stratification. Within cartilage repair tissue, global mean values showed no difference, with 55.9 +/- 4.9 ms for T2 and 16.2 +/- 6.3 ms for T2*. However, zonal assessment showed only a slight and not significant increase from deep to superficial cartilage (T2: P = 0.174; T2*: P = 0.150). CONCLUSION: In vivo T1 dGEMRIC assessment in healthy cartilage, and T2 and T2* mapping in healthy and reparative articular cartilage, seems to be possible at 7.0 T MRI. For T2 and T2*, zonal variation of articular cartilage could also be evaluated at 7.0 T. This zonal assessment of deep and superficial cartilage aspects shows promising results for the differentiation of healthy and affected articular cartilage. In future studies, optimized protocol selection, and sophisticated coil technology, together with increased signal at ultra-high-field MRI, may lead to advanced biochemical cartilage imaging.

Cuerpo que tengo, quiero o entreno : Lo corporal en las prácticas del fitness

En esta pesquisa me interrogaré acerca de la importancia que cobra el cuerpo en las prácticas del fitness tanto en la ciudad de La Plata como en Avellaneda. Dentro de este campo de investigación lo corporal se encuentra atravesado constantemente por saberes, discursos, significaciones, investigaciones, métodos de entrenamiento, técnicas, capacidades coordinativas y condicionales, maquinaria, materiales (trampolines, barras, mancuernas, pelotas, guantes de boxeo, etc.), coreografías, gritos, adrenalina, euforia, ansiedad, sorpresa, aplausos, sudor, aumento de frecuencia cardíaca, fanatismo, entre otras. En torno a ello, lo corporal se ha convertido en un objeto de estudio donde sólo se considera importante el alcance de una figura, de un modelo, de una supuesta "belleza" o de una deseada "buena forma". De hecho, las lógicas que envuelven al capitalismo configuraron una cultura de consumo a través de ciertos mecanismos que intervinieron e intervienen en los modos de (re)producción, específicamente, de esta corporalidad. Es por ello que el interés se centra en el análisis de la empresa Body Systems -quien se encarga de mercantilizar diferentes programas de entrenamiento que se ocupan de conformar un negocio en torno a lo corporal- y en la relevancia que adquiere sobre el cuerpo y la posible violencia simbólica que en él se ejerce a través de ciertos mecanismos de control

Cuerpo que tengo, quiero o entreno : Lo corporal en las prácticas del fitness

En esta pesquisa me interrogaré acerca de la importancia que cobra el cuerpo en las prácticas del fitness tanto en la ciudad de La Plata como en Avellaneda. Dentro de este campo de investigación lo corporal se encuentra atravesado constantemente por saberes, discursos, significaciones, investigaciones, métodos de entrenamiento, técnicas, capacidades coordinativas y condicionales, maquinaria, materiales (trampolines, barras, mancuernas, pelotas, guantes de boxeo, etc.), coreografías, gritos, adrenalina, euforia, ansiedad, sorpresa, aplausos, sudor, aumento de frecuencia cardíaca, fanatismo, entre otras. En torno a ello, lo corporal se ha convertido en un objeto de estudio donde sólo se considera importante el alcance de una figura, de un modelo, de una supuesta "belleza" o de una deseada "buena forma". De hecho, las lógicas que envuelven al capitalismo configuraron una cultura de consumo a través de ciertos mecanismos que intervinieron e intervienen en los modos de (re)producción, específicamente, de esta corporalidad. Es por ello que el interés se centra en el análisis de la empresa Body Systems -quien se encarga de mercantilizar diferentes programas de entrenamiento que se ocupan de conformar un negocio en torno a lo corporal- y en la relevancia que adquiere sobre el cuerpo y la posible violencia simbólica que en él se ejerce a través de ciertos mecanismos de control

Cuerpo que tengo, quiero o entreno : Lo corporal en las prácticas del fitness

En esta pesquisa me interrogaré acerca de la importancia que cobra el cuerpo en las prácticas del fitness tanto en la ciudad de La Plata como en Avellaneda. Dentro de este campo de investigación lo corporal se encuentra atravesado constantemente por saberes, discursos, significaciones, investigaciones, métodos de entrenamiento, técnicas, capacidades coordinativas y condicionales, maquinaria, materiales (trampolines, barras, mancuernas, pelotas, guantes de boxeo, etc.), coreografías, gritos, adrenalina, euforia, ansiedad, sorpresa, aplausos, sudor, aumento de frecuencia cardíaca, fanatismo, entre otras. En torno a ello, lo corporal se ha convertido en un objeto de estudio donde sólo se considera importante el alcance de una figura, de un modelo, de una supuesta "belleza" o de una deseada "buena forma". De hecho, las lógicas que envuelven al capitalismo configuraron una cultura de consumo a través de ciertos mecanismos que intervinieron e intervienen en los modos de (re)producción, específicamente, de esta corporalidad. Es por ello que el interés se centra en el análisis de la empresa Body Systems -quien se encarga de mercantilizar diferentes programas de entrenamiento que se ocupan de conformar un negocio en torno a lo corporal- y en la relevancia que adquiere sobre el cuerpo y la posible violencia simbólica que en él se ejerce a través de ciertos mecanismos de control

Programming with global analysis

Global data-flow analysis of (constraint) logic programs, which is generally based on abstract interpretation [7], is reaching a comparatively high level of maturity. A natural question is whether it is time for its routine incorporation in standard compilers, something which, beyond a few experimental systems, has not happened to date. Such incorporation arguably makes good sense only if: • the range of applications of global analysis is large enough to justify the additional complication in the compiler, and • global analysis technology can deal with all the features of "practical" languages (e.g., the ISO-Prolog built-ins) and "scales up" for large programs. We present a tutorial overview of a number of concepts and techniques directly related to the issues above, with special emphasis on the first one. In particular, we concéntrate on novel uses of global analysis during program development and debugging, rather than on the more traditional application área of program optimization. The idea of using abstract interpretation for validation and diagnosis has been studied in the context of imperative programming [2] and also of logic programming. The latter work includes issues such as using approximations to reduce the burden posed on programmers by declarative debuggers [6, 3] and automatically generating and checking assertions [4, 5] (which includes the more traditional type checking of strongly typed languages, such as Gódel or Mercury [1, 8, 9]) We also review some solutions for scalability including modular analysis, incremental analysis, and widening. Finally, we discuss solutions for dealing with meta-predicates, side-effects, delay declarations, constraints, dynamic predicates, and other such features which may appear in practical languages. In the discussion we will draw both from the literature and from our experience and that of others in the development and use of the CIAO system analyzer. In order to emphasize the practical aspects of the solutions discussed, the presentation of several concepts will be illustrated by examples run on the CIAO system, which makes extensive use of global analysis and assertions.

Efectos dinámicos laterales en vehículos y puentes ferroviarios sometidos a la acción de vientos transversales

En las últimas décadas el aumento de la velocidad y la disminución del peso de los vehículos ferroviarios de alta velocidad ha provocado que aumente su riesgo de vuelco. Además, las exigencias de los trazados de las líneas exige en ocasiones la construcción de viaductos muy altos situados en zonas expuestas a fuertes vientos. Esta combinación puede poner en peligro la seguridad de la circulación. En esta tesis doctoral se estudian los efectos dinámicos que aparecen en los vehículos ferroviarios cuando circulan sobre viaductos en presencia de vientos transversales. Para ello se han desarrollado e implementado una serie de modelos numéricos que permiten estudiar estos efectos de una forma realista y general. Los modelos desarrollados permiten analizar la interacción dinámica tridimensional tren-estructura, formulada mediante coordenadas absolutas en un sistema de referencia inercial, en un contexto de elementos _nitos no lineales. Mediante estos modelos se pueden estudiar de forma realista casos extremos como el vuelco o descarrilamiento de los vehículos. Han sido implementados en Abaqus, utilizando sus capacidades para resolver sistemas multi-cuerpo para el vehículo y elementos finitos para la estructura. La interacción entre el vehículo y la estructura se establece a través del contacto entre rueda y carril. Para ello, se han desarrollado una restricción, que permite establecer la relación cinemática entre el eje ferroviario y la vía, teniendo en cuenta los posibles defectos geométricos de la vía; y un modelo de contacto rueda-carril para establecer la interacción entre el vehículo y la estructura. Las principales características del modelo de contacto son: considera la geometría real de ambos cuerpos de forma tridimensional; permite resolver situaciones en las que el contacto entre rueda y carril se da en más de una zona a la vez; y permite utilizar distintas formulaciones para el cálculo de la tensión tangencial entre ambos cuerpos. Además, se ha desarrollado una metodología para determinar, a partir de formulaciones estocásticas, las historias temporales de cargas aerodinámicas debidas al viento turbulento en estructuras grandes y con pilas altas y flexibles. Esta metodología tiene cuenta la variabilidad espacial de la velocidad de viento, considerando la correlación entre los distintos puntos; considera las componentes de la velocidad del viento en tres dimensiones; y permite el cálculo de la velocidad de viento incidente sobre los vehículos que atraviesan la estructura. La metodología desarrollada en este trabajo ha sido implementada, validada y se ha aplicado a un caso concreto en el que se ha estudiado la respuesta de un tren de alta velocidad, similar al Siemens Velaro, circulando sobre el viaducto del río Ulla en presencia viento cruzado. En este estudio se ha analizado la seguridad y el confort de la circulación y la respuesta dinámica de la estructura cuando el tren cruza el viaducto. During the last decades the increase of the speed and the reduction of the weight of high-speed railway vehicles has led to a rise of the overturn risk. In addition, the design requests of the railway lines require some times the construction of very tall viaducts in strong wind areas. This combination may endanger the traffic safety. In this doctoral thesis the dynamic effects that appear in the railway vehicles when crossing viaducts under strong winds are studied. For this purpose it has been developed and implemented numerical models for studying these effects in a realistic and general way. The developed models allow to analyze the train-structure three-dimensional dynamic interaction, that is formulated by using absolute coordinates in an inertial reference frame within a non-linear finite element framework. By means of these models it is possible to study in a realistic way extreme situations such vehicle overturn or derailment. They have been implemented for Abaqus, by using its capabilities for solving multi-body systems for the vehicle and finite elements for the structure. The interaction between the vehicle and the structure is established through the wheel-rail contact. For this purpose, a constraint has been developed. It allows to establish the kinematic relationship between the railway wheelset and the track, taking into account the track irregularities. In addition, a wheel-rail contact model for establishing the interaction of the vehicle and the structure has been developed. The main features of the contact model are: it considers the real geometry During the last decades the increase of the speed and the reduction of the weight of high-peed railway vehicles has led to a rise of the overturn risk. In addition, the design requests of the railway lines require some times the construction of very tall viaducts in strong wind areas. This combination may endanger the traffic safety. In this doctoral thesis the dynamic effects that appear in the railway vehicles when crossing viaducts under strong winds are studied. For this purpose it has been developed and implemented numerical models for studying these effects in a realistic and general way. The developed models allow to analyze the train-structure three-dimensional dynamic interaction, that is formulated by using absolute coordinates in an inertial reference frame within a non-linear finite element framework. By means of these models it is possible to study in a realistic way extreme situations such vehicle overturn or derailment. They have been implemented for Abaqus, by using its capabilities for solving multi-body systems for the vehicle and finite elements for the structure. The interaction between the vehicle and the structure is established through the wheel-rail contact. For this purpose, a constraint has been developed. It allows to establish the kinematic relationship between the railway wheelset and the track, taking into account the track irregularities. In addition, a wheel-rail contact model for establishing the interaction of the vehicle and the structure has been developed. The main features of the contact model are: it considers the real geometry