Reanimação neonatal: capacitação de profissionais de saúde com base na aprendizagem baseada em problemas

In whole world, including in Brazil, there is an absence of professionals who are able to be present at the moment of birth and give to the newborn the cares that they need to because either an absence of opportunity or inappropriate training to those professionals. This master´s thesis describes a construction and application of a neonatal resuscitation course that uses the problem based learning (PBL) methodology. The course has done in two meetings, one for the tutorial session, and another for practice session. The students were divided in groups of eight students each, under supervision of two teachers with experience in PBL methodology. The experience was considered successfully because there were students involvement and motivation. Some course aspects were rebuilt for its upgrading, like the correct use of methodology and building of custom educational material for students learning necessity. It suggests that the course can be used by the medical and nursing schools and perhaps other kind of health courses.

Estratégia de capacitação pedagógica do residente: uma perspectiva para melhoria do ensino na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Studies have shown that resident informally plays the role of teacher. It is estimated that up to 25% of the residents of the time is devoted to teaching, mainly contributing as a facilitator, however, almost the entire medical residency programs in Brazil did not offer teacher training during residency education. This paper aims to introduce educational content initiation to teaching as part of the training of resident physician inserted in residency program of the University Hospital Onofre Lopes (HUOL). It is an exploratory, descriptive and prospective study in HUOL the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Three steps were developed: preparation and planning of a pedagogic course, associated with a motivating technical content (basic and advanced life support); second stage, testing of pedagogical model for medical students; and finally, replication to residents. The interventions were made two practice stations life support with performance evaluation in practical activity through OSPE (Objective Structured Practical Examination). The techniques presented teachings were one-minute preceptor and feedback. Data collection was conducted through a structured evaluation form during the life support stations and at the end of the course, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the feedback and one minute preceptor were considered important for teaching and learning for more than 85% of participants. The feedback from evaluators practices stations added information about the performance and were held appreciatively way, according to 100% of the participants. Positive aspects highlighted by the participants were related to educational content, especially the participants of the first intervention. The time of the lectures of motivating technical content was the most repeated negative. Based on the good acceptance of pedagogical contents, this pioneer teacher training strategy was included in the formal residency program in Cardiology of our institution. It is considered therefore that the educational training model with motivating technical content was feasible and had a good evaluation and acceptance by most participants in both interventions. Thus, we believe that the educational content can be inserted in the formal curriculum of medical residency of other programs at HUOL through the training model developed in this study.

Estratégia de capacitação pedagógica do residente: uma perspectiva para melhoria do ensino na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Studies have shown that resident informally plays the role of teacher. It is estimated that up to 25% of the residents of the time is devoted to teaching, mainly contributing as a facilitator, however, almost the entire medical residency programs in Brazil did not offer teacher training during residency education. This paper aims to introduce educational content initiation to teaching as part of the training of resident physician inserted in residency program of the University Hospital Onofre Lopes (HUOL). It is an exploratory, descriptive and prospective study in HUOL the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Three steps were developed: preparation and planning of a pedagogic course, associated with a motivating technical content (basic and advanced life support); second stage, testing of pedagogical model for medical students; and finally, replication to residents. The interventions were made two practice stations life support with performance evaluation in practical activity through OSPE (Objective Structured Practical Examination). The techniques presented teachings were one-minute preceptor and feedback. Data collection was conducted through a structured evaluation form during the life support stations and at the end of the course, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the feedback and one minute preceptor were considered important for teaching and learning for more than 85% of participants. The feedback from evaluators practices stations added information about the performance and were held appreciatively way, according to 100% of the participants. Positive aspects highlighted by the participants were related to educational content, especially the participants of the first intervention. The time of the lectures of motivating technical content was the most repeated negative. Based on the good acceptance of pedagogical contents, this pioneer teacher training strategy was included in the formal residency program in Cardiology of our institution. It is considered therefore that the educational training model with motivating technical content was feasible and had a good evaluation and acceptance by most participants in both interventions. Thus, we believe that the educational content can be inserted in the formal curriculum of medical residency of other programs at HUOL through the training model developed in this study.

El papel de la coacción informal en el tratamiento ambulatorio: un estudio transcultural con profesionales de la salud mental

Entendemos por coerción como la presión ejercida sobre alguien para forzar su voluntad o su conducta. El concepto de coerción transciende la Salud Mental y afecta a distintas disciplinas como la filosofía, ética, derecho o política. Dentro de las medidas coercitivas que se usan en el campo de la Salud Mental distinguimos entre aquellas que se ejercen dentro de un marco normativo, a las que nos referimos como medidas formales de coerción (hospitalización involuntaria, aislamiento, contención mecánica y química) y otras, objeto de este estudio, denominadas informales o encubiertas, que son aquellas estrategias coercitivas utilizadas como forma de presión sobre el paciente, principalmente ambulatorio, y que se escapan a cualquier normativa o jurisprudencia. Szmukler y Appelbaum definen cuatro niveles diferentes de coerción informal: persuasión, influencia interpersonal, inducción y amenaza. Aunque existe bastante investigación sobre coerción formal en los últimos treinta años, no es así en el caso de la coerción informal, si bien se ha intensificado en la última década. Es más, apenas existen estudios que recojan las opiniones de los profesionales sobre la misma y los que existen se concentran países desarrollados, ignorando aspectos socioculturales, de tradición psiquiátrica y organización asistencial que pueden influir en el uso de este tipo de estrategias...

The Bennachie Colony : A Nineteenth-Century Informal Community in Northeast Scotland

Acknowledgments The investigation of the Bennachie Colony is part of a broader initiative called the Bennachie Landscape Project, a collaborative endeavour between the Bailies of Bennachie and the University of Aberdeen. To date, funding for the project has been generously provided by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) in the form of a Connected Communities Grant (G. Noble PI) and more recently through a larger Development Grant (J. Oliver PI). The research that this paper is based on could not have been undertaken without the generous assistance of a large number of volunteers, university students and staff members. While it would be impossible to name everyone who has contributed, we would like to acknowledge the regular members of the “landscape group” whose infective enthusiasm for the project has provided a stimulating environment for learning and co-production. Particular thanks go to Jackie Cumberbirch, Barry Foster, Chris Foster, Angela Groat, David Irving, Alison Kennedy, Harry Leal, Ken Ledingham, Colin Miller, Iain Ralston, Colin Shepherd, Sue Taylor and Andrew Wainwright. Further assistance with fieldwork was provided by Ágústa Edwald, Patrycia Kupiec, Barbora Wouters, Óskar Sveinbjarnarson, members of Northlight Heritage and several cohorts worth of University of Aberdeen undergraduate and graduate students. We are indebted to the RCAHMS for assistance with plane table survey and to Óskar Sveinbjarnarson for help with mapping. Others have supported additional aspects of the Bennachie Landscape project or have provided specialist advice. Thanks go to Neil Curtis, Liz Curtis, Rowan Ellis, Marjory Harper, Siobhan Convery and the University of Aberdeen Special Collections staff. Access to undertake fieldwork was graciously provided by the Forestry Commission Scotland. Helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper were provided by Barry and Chris Foster, Ken Ledingham, Collin Miller, Collin Shepherd, Sue Taylor, Andrew Wainwright and two anonymous reviewers.

The Bennachie Colony : A Nineteenth-Century Informal Community in Northeast Scotland

Acknowledgments The investigation of the Bennachie Colony is part of a broader initiative called the Bennachie Landscape Project, a collaborative endeavour between the Bailies of Bennachie and the University of Aberdeen. To date, funding for the project has been generously provided by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) in the form of a Connected Communities Grant (G. Noble PI) and more recently through a larger Development Grant (J. Oliver PI). The research that this paper is based on could not have been undertaken without the generous assistance of a large number of volunteers, university students and staff members. While it would be impossible to name everyone who has contributed, we would like to acknowledge the regular members of the “landscape group” whose infective enthusiasm for the project has provided a stimulating environment for learning and co-production. Particular thanks go to Jackie Cumberbirch, Barry Foster, Chris Foster, Angela Groat, David Irving, Alison Kennedy, Harry Leal, Ken Ledingham, Colin Miller, Iain Ralston, Colin Shepherd, Sue Taylor and Andrew Wainwright. Further assistance with fieldwork was provided by Ágústa Edwald, Patrycia Kupiec, Barbora Wouters, Óskar Sveinbjarnarson, members of Northlight Heritage and several cohorts worth of University of Aberdeen undergraduate and graduate students. We are indebted to the RCAHMS for assistance with plane table survey and to Óskar Sveinbjarnarson for help with mapping. Others have supported additional aspects of the Bennachie Landscape project or have provided specialist advice. Thanks go to Neil Curtis, Liz Curtis, Rowan Ellis, Marjory Harper, Siobhan Convery and the University of Aberdeen Special Collections staff. Access to undertake fieldwork was graciously provided by the Forestry Commission Scotland. Helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper were provided by Barry and Chris Foster, Ken Ledingham, Collin Miller, Collin Shepherd, Sue Taylor, Andrew Wainwright and two anonymous reviewers.

Informal Qualitative Models: A Systematic Approach to their Generation

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The contradictions and complementarities of combining ERP systems with enterprise 2.0 supported informal systems

The chapter discusses both the complementary factors and contradictions of adopting ERP based systems with enterprise 2.0. ERP is characterized as achieving efficient business performance by enabling a standardized business process design, but at a cost of flexibility in operations. It is claimed that enterprise 2.0 can support flexible business process management and so incorporate informal and less structured interactions. A traditional view however is that efficiency and flexibility objectives are incompatible as they are different business objectives which are pursued separately in different organizational environments. Thus an ERP system with a primary objective of improving efficiency and an enterprise 2.0 system with a primary aim of improving flexibility may represent a contradiction and lead to a high risk of failure if adopted simultaneously. This chapter will use case study analysis to investigate the use of a combination of ERP and enterprise 2.0 in a single enterprise with the aim of improving both efficiency and flexibility in operations. The chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the combination of ERP with enterprise 2.0 based on social-technical information systems management theory. The chapter also provides a summary of the benefits of the combination of ERP systems and enterprise 2.0 and how they could contribute to the development of a new generation of business management that combines both formal and informal mechanisms. For example, the multiple-sites or informal communities of an enterprise could collaborate efficiently with a common platform with a certain level of standardization but also have the flexibility in order to provide an agile reaction to internal and external events.

Santeria as an Informal Psychosocial Support Among Latinas Living with Cancer

Among Latinos, Santería functions as both a religion and a health care system in occurrences of health versus illness within various Latino sub-groups in the U.S. This exploratory study offers a comprehensive analysis of the function of the folk healing tradition Santería as a culturally congruent informal mental health support that assists with coping with the psychosocial sequelae of living with cancer among Latinas in Miami-Dade County, FL. It (a) determined the attitudes of Latinas living with cancer towards Santería as an informal mental health support and (b) explored how Santería offers Latinas effective mental health support that assists in coping with the psychosocial sequelae of living with cancer. The mechanisms and characteristics underlying the motivations of Latinas living with cancer to seek and integrate this informal modality for their cancer care were identified. A purposive sample of 15 Latinas ages 18 and older in Miami-Dade County who had received a diagnosis of cancer were recruited from sites in Miami-Dade offering formal mental health support services and botánicas. Data collection incorporated in-depth interviews and a validation focus group. In an effort to generate theory through a modified Grounded Theory approach, data analysis was accomplished by means of multiple coding passes and the constant comparison method which resulted in higher levels codes that were grouped into three major themes: 1) Participants’ Experience with Folk Healers, 2) Influence of Santería on the Cancer Experience, and 3) Participants’ Experience with Conventional Healthcare and Mental Healthcare. Results illustrate how, among Latinas, the folk healing tradition of Santería co-occurs with professional medical and mental health treatment in what Arthur Kleinman defines as the popular sector, which identifies and sets the parameters for culturally acceptable forms of healthcare and mental health treatment options.

Aportes para la conformación de la cultura de la investigación : Interacción informal entre la Biblioteca y la Comunidad Académica de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

Entre las tradiciones de las Bibliotecas Departamentales de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la UNLP existía una interacción informal y fluida con los alumnos y docentes de cada carrera que en algunos casos incluyó la formación de grupos de trabajo para la solución de situaciones específicas: mudanzas y traslados de material, procesos de reorganización temática, indización de revistas, entre otras tantas. Estas situaciones se vivían como una parte importante de la formación académica que favorecía la adquisición de técnicas y hábitos de investigación, generando una actitud crítica y permitiendo el conocimiento del material disponible. A partir del proceso de integración de las bibliotecas departamentales, esta tradición perdió continuidad y generó un alejamiento de la comunidad académica que las frecuentaba. Sin embargo, una parte de la misma, durante este proceso, comenzó a utilizar algunos de los nuevos servicios, especialmente el acceso a la estantería abierta, el préstamo interbibliotecario y los recursos electrónicos, construyendo una relación distinta con la Biblioteca. Actualmente existen grupos de alumnos de distintas carreras para quienes la Biblioteca dejó de ser únicamente un lugar donde ir a buscar la bibliografía, para transformarse nuevamente en un espacio de estudio compartido y de generación de nuevos saberes. En esta ponencia se reseñan distintas experiencias realizadas en conjunto con algunos de estos grupos y se trazan las líneas generales de una serie de propuestas que promuevan y fomenten esta interacción

¿Yo informal? ¿Vos informal? Identidades y percepciones en torno al trabajo informal. Notas a partir de un estudio de caso en la ciudad de La Plata

Miles de trabajadores en Argentina se encuentran en puestos de baja productividad y sin poder acceder a los beneficios de la seguridad social, siendo estos algunos de los indicadores más importantes para considerarlos uno de los sectores más vulnerables de la sociedad. Se estima que en la última década en nuestro país los trabajadores informales representaron entre el 35y el 45de los trabajadores ocupados. Pero la informalización del mercado de trabajo argentino no es un fenómeno aislado, ya que se estima que en América Latina, hacia 1999, el 46.4de los ocupados urbanos desempeñaba actividades informales. Muchas han sido las discusiones académicas que se han suscitado en torno a la conceptualización de estas actividades laborales, pero pocas veces se ha recurrido a ver qué piensan y qué dicen los propios trabajadores. Sus trayectorias laborales, sus identidades sociales, y la vivencia del día a día, les permite percibir de una forma particular sus actividades cotidianas. Y esto es que intentaremos presentar a través de estas notas. Esta ponencia se propone, por tanto, comprender la percepción que estos trabajadores tienen de su propia actividad laboral, es decir, recuperaremos la voz de los denominados "trabajadores informales" analizando su autodenominación, su identidad social, su reconocimiento y opinión respecto al término "informal". Para ello se recurrirá a datos primarios de carácter cuantitativos y cualitativos, relevados a partir de la técnica de encuestas, y de entrevistas en profundidad, respectivamente. El trabajo de campo ha tenido como unidad de observación a trabajadores feriantes de la ciudad de La Plata

Reflexão acerca da capacitação de professores para a inclusão escolar

O direito de acesso de estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais à educaçao no ensino regular público é um item previsto na Constituiçao Federal. No entanto, a inclusao de crianças com necessidades educativas especiais com apoio especializado que ofereça suporte aos professores atuantes no ensino regular, ainda se mostra como um grande desafio. Com base nisso, elaboramos este relato de experiências vivenciadas no âmbito das açoes do Subprojeto Interdisciplinar ?Organizaçao do Trabalho Pedagógico da Educaçao Física e da Pedagogia nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental? ? UFSM. Objetivamos relatar os desafios enfrentados pelos alunos em formaçao para a docência de Educaçao Física para planejarem e desenvolverem situaçoes de ensino e de aprendizagem para alunos com necessidades educativas especiais, nas aulas regulares. Pode-se perceber que a falta de conhecimentos profissionais inicia-se na formaçao inicial. Poucos sao os espaços e conteúdos do curso de formaçao de professores destinados a garantir conhecimentos mínimos necessários para a atuaçao com crianças com necessidades especiais. Por conseguinte, esta situaçao prossegue durante a carreira profissional docente necessitando de cursos de especializaçao e capacitaçao, a qual deve ser tarefa nao apenas do educador, como também de toda equipe escolar, permitindo uma reflexao contínua da prática pedagógica a fim de ressignificá-la

Aportes para la conformación de la cultura de la investigación : Interacción informal entre la Biblioteca y la Comunidad Académica de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

Entre las tradiciones de las Bibliotecas Departamentales de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la UNLP existía una interacción informal y fluida con los alumnos y docentes de cada carrera que en algunos casos incluyó la formación de grupos de trabajo para la solución de situaciones específicas: mudanzas y traslados de material, procesos de reorganización temática, indización de revistas, entre otras tantas. Estas situaciones se vivían como una parte importante de la formación académica que favorecía la adquisición de técnicas y hábitos de investigación, generando una actitud crítica y permitiendo el conocimiento del material disponible. A partir del proceso de integración de las bibliotecas departamentales, esta tradición perdió continuidad y generó un alejamiento de la comunidad académica que las frecuentaba. Sin embargo, una parte de la misma, durante este proceso, comenzó a utilizar algunos de los nuevos servicios, especialmente el acceso a la estantería abierta, el préstamo interbibliotecario y los recursos electrónicos, construyendo una relación distinta con la Biblioteca. Actualmente existen grupos de alumnos de distintas carreras para quienes la Biblioteca dejó de ser únicamente un lugar donde ir a buscar la bibliografía, para transformarse nuevamente en un espacio de estudio compartido y de generación de nuevos saberes. En esta ponencia se reseñan distintas experiencias realizadas en conjunto con algunos de estos grupos y se trazan las líneas generales de una serie de propuestas que promuevan y fomenten esta interacción