Continuous and gradual photo-activation methods: influence on degree of conversion and crosslink density of composite resins

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Predictive factors of outcome following staphylococcal peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Background and aims: Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common agents of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) peritonitis. Episodes caused by Staphylococcus aureus evolve with a high method failure rate while CoNS peritonitis is generally benign. The purpose of this study was to compare episodes of peritonitis caused by CoNS species and S. aureus to evaluate the microbiological and host factors that affect outcome. Material and methods: Microbiological and clinical data were retrospectively studied from 86 new episodes of peritonitis caused by staphylococci species between January 1996 and December 2000 in a university dialysis center. The influence of microbiological and host factors (age, sex, diabetes, use of vancomycin, exchange system and treatment time on CAPD) was analyzed by logistic regression model. The clinical outcome was classified into two results (resolution and non-resolution). Results: the odds of peritonitis resolution were not influenced by host factors. Oxacillin susceptibility was present in 30 of 35 S. aureus lineages and 22 of 51 CoNS (p = 0.001). There were 32 of 52 (61.5%) episodes caused by oxacillin-susceptible and 20 of 34 (58.8%) by oxacillin-resistant lineages resolved (p = 0.9713). of the 35 cases caused by S. aureus, 17 (48.6%) resolved and among 51 CoNS episodes 40 (78.4%) resolved. Resolution odds were 7.1 times higher for S. epidermidis than S. aureus (p = 0.0278), while other CoNS had 7.6 times higher odds resolution than S. epidermidis cases (p = 0.052). Episodes caused by S. haemolyticus had similar resolution odds to S. epidermidis (p = 0.859). Conclusions: S. aureus etiology is an independent factor associated with peritonitis non-resolution in CAPD, while S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus have a lower resolution rate than other CoNS. Possibly the aggressive nature of these agents, particularly S. aureus, can be explained by their recognized pathogenic factors, more than antibiotic resistance.

Identification of continuous interaction sites in PLA(2)-based protein complexes by peptide arrays

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Optimisation of a continuous flash fermentation for butanol production using the response surface methodology

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Density and Spatial Distribution of Buffy-tufted-ear Marmosets (Callithrix aurita) in a Continuous Atlantic Forest

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

How to not inflate population estimates? Spatial density distribution of white-lipped peccaries in a continuous Atlantic forest

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

EFFECTS of PREFERRED and NONPREFERRED MUSIC on CONTINUOUS CYCLING EXERCISE PERFORMANCE

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of preferred and nonpreferred music on exercise distance, Heart Rate (HR), and Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) during continuous cycling exercise performed at high intensity Fifteen participants performed five test sessions During two sessions, they cycled with fixed workload on ergometer to determine the Critical Power (Cl') intensity Then, they performed three more sessions cycling at CP intensity listening to Preferred Music, listening to Nonpreferred Music, and No Music The HR responses in the exercise sessions did not differ among all conditions However, the RPE was higher for Nonpreferred Music than in the other conditions The performance under Preferred Music (9 8 +/- 4 6km) was greater than under Nonpreferred Music (7 1 +/- 3 5km) conditions Therefore, listening to Preferred Music during continuous cycling exercise at high intensity can Increase the exercise distance, and individuals listening to Nonpreferred Music can perceive more discomfort caused by the exercise

Muscle protein metabolism in neonatal alloxan-administered rats: effects of continuous and intermittent swimming training

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Arterial acid-base status during digestion and following vascular infusion of NaHCO3 and HCl in the South American rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus

Digestion is associated with gastric secretion that leads to an alkalinisation of the blood, termed the alkaline tide. Numerous studies on different reptiles and amphibians show that while plasma bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3-](pl)) increases substantially during digestion, arterial pH (pHa) remains virtually unchanged, due to a concurrent rise in arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) caused by a relative hypoventilation. This has led to the suggestion that postprandial amphibians and reptiles regulate pHa rather than PaCO2.Here we characterize blood gases in the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) during digestion and following systemic infusions of NaHCO3 and HCl in fasting animals to induce a metabolic alkalosis or acidosis in fasting animals. The magnitude of these acid-base disturbances were similar in magnitude to that mediated by digestion and exercise. Plasma [HCOT] increased from 18.4+/-1.5 to 23.7+/-1.0 mmol L-1 during digestion and was accompanied by a respiratory compensation where PaCO2 increased from 13.0+/-0.7 to 19.1+/-1.4 mm Hg at 24 h. As a result, pHa decreased slightly, but were significantly below fasting levels 36 h into digestion. Infusion of NaHCO3 (7 mmol kg(-1)) resulted in a 10 mmol L-1 increase in plasma [HCO3-] within 1 h and was accompanied by a rapid elevation of pHa (from 7.58+/-0.01 to 7.78+/-0.02). PaCO2, however, did not change following HCO3- infusion, which indicates a lack of respiratory compensation. Following infusion of HCl (4 mmol kg(-1)), plasma pHa decreased by 0.07 units and [HCO3-](pl) was reduced by 4.6 mmol L-1 within the first 3 h. PaCO2, however, was not affected and there was no evidence for respiratory compensation.Our data show that digesting rattlesnakes exhibit respiratory compensations to the alkaline tide, whereas artificially induced metabolic acid-base disturbances of same magnitude remain uncompensated. It seems difficult to envision that the central and peripheral chemoreceptors would experience different stimuli during these conditions. One explanation for the different ventilatory responses could be that digestion induces a more relaxed state with low responsiveness to ventilatory stimuli. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Experimental pathogenicity of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis with continuous and discontinuous fringes morphotypes

A possible correlation between the presence of discontinuous fringes and high virulence has been previously suggested. The aim of this study was to compare the pathogenicity of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis with continuous and discontinuous fringes morphotypes on mice. For C. albicans, two discontinuous fringe morphotype isolates (PN 69, PN 74), two continuous fringe morphotype isolates (N 60, N 33) and one reference strain were used. For C. dubliniensis, three discontinuous fringe morphotype isolates (97487, 97464, 97519), two continuous fringe morphotype isolates (97040, 98026) and one reference strain were used. Swiss male mice were inoculated with a standardised suspension of the microorganisms and observed for 35 days. The pathogenicity of the isolates was analysed according to parameters proposed previously. Three isolates were considered pathogenic: PN 74, N 60 and 98026. Strain N 60 killed the highest amount of mice (80%). Animals inoculated with C. albicans did not show differences on survival estimate. Candida dubliniensis 98026 was more pathogenic than samples 97464 and 97519. on the other hand, the sample 97487 showed a higher pathogenicity when compared with 97040 (Kaplan-Meier test, P = 0.008). Strains with continuous fringe morphotypes were also associated with Candida sp. virulence in vivo.

Contrasting continuous emission versus freeze-out via HDT

The effect of continuous emission hypothesis on the two-pion Bose-Einstein correlation is discussed and compared with the corresponding results based on the usual freeze-out ansatz. Sizable differences in the correlation function are observed when comparing these two scenarios of the decoupling process. They could lead to entirely different interpretation of properties of the hot matter formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

Quantum discrete phase space dynamics and its continuous limit

The main aspects of a discrete phase space formalism are presented and the discrete dynamical bracket, suitable for the description of time evolution in finite-dimensional spaces, is discussed. A set of operator bases is defined in such a way that the Weyl-Wigner formalism is shown to be obtained as a limiting case. In the same form, the Moyal bracket is shown to be the limiting case of the discrete dynamical bracket. The dynamics in quantum discrete phase spaces is shown not to be attained from discretization of the continuous case.

Enrichment of a continuous culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the yeast Issatchenkia orientalis in the production of ethanol at increasing temperatures

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Optimisation of the glycerol-to-ornithine molar ratio in the feed medium for the continuous production of clavulanic acid by Streptomyces clavuligerus

Amino acids are well metabolized by Streptomyces clavuligerus during the production of clavulanic acid using glycerol as main carbon and energy source. However, only a few amino acids such as arginine and ornithine are favorable for CA biosynthesis. The aim of this work was to optimize the glycerol:ornithine molar ratio in the feed medium containing only these compounds to maximize CA production in continuous cultivation. A minimum number of experiments were performed by means of a simple two-level full-factorial central composite design to investigate the combined effect of glycerol and ornithine feeding on the CA concentration during the intermittent and continuous process in shake-flasks. Statistical analysis of the experimental data using the response surface methodology showed that a glycerol-to-ornithine molar ratio of approximately 40:1 in the feed medium resulted in the highest CA concentration when fermentation was stopped. Under these optimized conditions, in bench-scale fermentor runs, the CA concentration reached more than double the concentration obtained in shake-flasks runs. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Austenite decomposition of C-Mn steel containing boron by continuous cooling

The austenite decomposition in C-Mn steel containing boron was studied by continuous cooling from 1100 and 845 degreesC using the Jominy test. The results indicate that the different cooling speeds and the presence of boron refine and change the percentage of ferrite microstructure, martensite, and fine pearlite. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.