La distruzione delle statue di Pausania nella Sparta tardoantica (Lib. Ep. 1518)

Abstract: The late antique destruction of two bronze statues of Pausanias - the Spartan general responsible for the Greek victory at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC) - housed in the temple of Athena Chalkioikos in Sparta (Lib. Ep. 1518), has been interpreted as one of the few cases of a violent conflict between pagan and Christian population in Greece. Nevertheless the sources suggest that late antique Sparta was a bastion of Hellenic paganism and give a picture of a small and quiet town ruled by a pagan educated élite, where pagans like Libanius wanted to live. Since there is no evidence of a violent conflict between pagans and Christians in Sparta, and Libanius confirms that in 365 AD all the temples and cult statues were still in place, this paper addresses the issue from a different point of view and offers a new contribution to the history of Sparta in Late Antiquity. By using literary, archaeological and epigraphic evidence the paper explores: 1) the relationship between Roman administration and Spartan élite in the IVth century AD; 2) the historical memory of Pausanias in Late Antiquity. It will be emphasized that the obscure burning of the two statues helped to remove from Sparta the memory of Pausanias - a controversial figure, misrepresented in Late Antiquity and connected to the ancient staseis in Laconia - in order to promote a positive image of Sparta as a city without conflicts and ruled by the political system of Lycurgus (eunomia). As documented by local inscriptions in praise of late Roman governors, the mythical lawgiver Lycurgus was the paradigm of the imperial governors who rebuilded the town in the IVth cent. AD. It can be assumed that while Rome, Constantinople, Antioch and Athens were troubled by political and religious violence or by seditions between different factions, Sparta aimed to revive its traditional model of civic order in the new historical context of Late Antiquity.

Verdad y tensión en la propuesta de Francisco

Resumen: El autor nos propone algunas claves para acceder al pensamiento de Francisco acerca, no sólo de la realidad social, sino también de todos aquellos ámbitos en donde la cuestión de la verdad se ofrece como decisiva para la vida en relación. La tensión, en Francisco, es la forma como la verdad y los vínculos se desarrollan históricamente. Esto exige comprendernos a la luz de la verdad de las diferencias y desde el desafío de estar en comunión, diversamente, en aquello que nos identifica como cristianos.

Los rostros de la comunión : una propuesta sistemática a partir de la teología de Yves M. J. Congar

Resumen: El autor hace una relectura del pensamiento de Yves Marie-Joseph Congar sobre la comunión eclesial proponiendo una nueva sistematización en torno a la idea de “rostros”. Esto permitirá recorrer los temas fundamentales del teólogo francés: la comunión como vínculo con el misterio trinitario (rostro teológico), como vínculos al interno del Pueblo de Dios (rostro eclesiológico), como diálogo y comunión con el mundo (rostro pastoral), como continuidad y novedad en una Tradición eclesial (rostro histórico-tradicional) y como búsqueda de unidad plena con los demás cristianos (rostro ecuménico). Este texto intenta recuperar el valioso aporte de uno de los activos protagonistas del Vaticano II para mirar con esperanza los desafíos de la eclesiología post-conciliar.

Un testigo directo de las tensiones religiosas en la Alejandría de los siglos IV y V D.C. : Páladas de Alejandría en la Antología Palatina

Abstract: Although he is the most prolific writer of the Greek Anthology, Palladas’ life is almost unknown. But, in spite of the limited biographical data, his work has fortunately been preserved in the GA. Because of his literary creation, the old times rewarded him with the nickname Μετέωρος, high, since the literary merits of a hundred poems of his authorship was recognized (others are discussed by critics). A dozen of them contains invaluable information about the political, religious and social situation in Alexandria immediately after the victory of the bishop Theophilus, Cyril’s predecessor and uncle, during the conflict between Christians and Gentiles, each sector backed up by an Alexandrian population segment (cfr. 9.528, 10.82, 10.85) . Resigned at times, constantly demanding, Palladas complains about the decline of the belief professed by him due to the increasing penetration of the new faith. Therefore, four epigrams record the conversion of the temple of Tyche into a tavern (9.180-183) and 10.90 seems to attack the doctrine of the Resurrection. When religion and politics go hand-in-hand, when religious conspiracies link up with palace intrigues, consequences are predictable: a man called Doroteo denounced him for his negative response to the new dogma, which caused him the loss of his teacher paid work. His annoyance was even greater with further sufferings, chiefly economic, and he had to sell his books (9.171 and 9.175) among other desperate decisions Forewarned about his radical bitterness against Church, it is just to make clear that he is not fully acquiescent with ancient gods and heroes. Thus, in 5.257 he questions Zeus’ ars amandi, in 9.377 refutes Tantalus’ possibility of thirst and hunger in Hades and 9.773 mischievously points out that Eros has been changed into a pan. The work begins with the selection, personal translation and comprehensive analysis of twenty two epigrams. Through such philological aid, we attempt to verify the frictions and the main perceptible factors in his poetic creation to justify his worldview, according to the pagan sentiment widespread in that time before the twilight already overwhelming of its ailing traditions

Paulo Orosio : una interpretación de la historiografía providencialista cristiana ante la caída de Roma en el 410

Resumen: En el entramado histórico del mundo Romano, la vida política y religiosa se han visto imbricadas de modo particular. El mito político ha sido fundamental para hilvanar el devenir de los hechos históricos centrales en el modo de vida de los romanos. La caída de Roma o el fin de la Pars Occidentalis del Imperio Romano han servido de arquetipo histórico o de referente político para el resto de los Imperios del Mundo Occidental. En ese contexto se insertará este trabajo, que pretenderá echar luz a una temática rodeada por líneas historiográficas y analíticas no solo diferentes sino antagónicas. El centro de la discordia historiográfica de hoy se pondrá en sincronía con la discordia histórica de ayer, puesto que tanto los paganos como los cristianos forjaron durante la Tardo-antigüedad un mito de fin de ciclo, que le agrega una fascinación particular a esta temática. En este trabajo me abocaré a interpretar la postura del historiador romano - cristiano Paulo Orosio, quien describió su propia visión sobre los hechos que antecedieron y provocaron, la caída de Roma.

Eli, Eli, Lama Shabaqtani” la condición cristiana en el Medio Oriente

Resumen: El artículo enfoca la situación de los cristianos del Medio Oriente y trata de formular su destino colectivo en términos de “la condición cristiana”. El argumento central sostiene que la tragedia de la condición cristiana en el Medio Oriente se explica por la crisis del Estado secular provocada tanto por el factor del Islam, así como las intervenciones de potencias europeas desde las cruzadas hasta el período colonial e intervención militar de Estados Unidos en Irak en 2003. En este sentido, la actualidad no es la repetición de la historia, sino la continuidad del mismo padrón de inequidad en distintos períodos históricos dentro de las sociedades musulmanas y el intervencionismo externo/occidental que, tanto en el pasado como en la actualidad, muy pocas veces se ha preocupado por el destino de la cristiandad del Medio Oriente.

South and South-East Asian coastal fisheries: their status and directions for improved management: conference synopsis and recommendations

As a step to address the problems of coastal fisheries in Asia, the WorldFish Center joined forces with fisheries agencies from eight developing Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam) and the Asian Development Bank, to implement a project entitled “Sustainable Management of Coastal Fish Stocks in Asia” (also known as the “TrawlBase” project). The project was implemented between 1998 and 2001. The main achievements of this partnership were: (a) Development of a database called “Fisheries Resource Information System and Tools” (FiRST), which contains trawl research survey data and socioeconomic information for selected fisheries, and facilitates its analysis; (b) Evaluation of the extent of resource decline and over-fishing, both biological and economic, in the region; (c) Identification of the measures needed to manage coastal fisheries in the participating countries, resulting in draft strategies and action plans; and (d) Strengthening of national capacity in coastal fisheries assessment, planning and management.

Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp.1-42, October-December 2005

*Table of Contents* Sustainable aquaculture Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: Small-scale pond culture in Bangladesh. People in aquaculture Community based aquaculture - issues and challenges H.K. De and G.S. Saha. Aquaculture as an action programme: An exercise in building confidence and self worth. B. Shanthi, V.S. Chandrasekaran, M. Kailasam, M. Muralidar, T. Ravisankar,.C. Saradad and M. Krishnan The STREAM Column: Transforming policy recommendations into pro-poor service provision Graham Haylor. Research & farming techniques. Grow out of juvenile spotted Babylon to marketable size in earthen ponds II: Polyculture with seabass. S. Kritsanapuntu, N. Chaitanawisuti, W. Santhaweesuk and Y. Natsukari Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network. Influence of economic conditions of importing nations and unforeseen global events on grouper markets. Sih Yang Sim. Present status of hatchery technology for cobia in Vietnam. Nhu Van Can. Report on grouper hatchery training course in Indonesia. Nguyen Quoc Thai. Aquatic animal health. Biosecured and improved penaeid shrimp production through organic nursery raceway system in India. Felix. S. and M. Samaya Kannan. Management of monogenean parasites in brackishwater finfish. K.P. Jithendran, M. Natarajan and I.S. Azad. Vembanad Lake: A potential spawner bank of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii on the southwest coast of India. Paramaraj Balamurugan, Pitchaimuthu Mariappan & Chellam Balasundaram.

Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp.1-47, April-June 2003

*Table of Contents* Sustainable Aquaculture Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: Peri-urban aquaculture in Kolkata A case of informal shrimp farmers association and its role in sustainable shrimp farming in Tamil Nadu, India M. Kumaran, N. Kalaimani, K. Ponnusamy, V.S. Chandrasekaran, D. Deboral Vimala Diffusion and adoption of shrimp farming technologies M. Kumaran, K. Ponnusamy and N. Kalaimani Farmers as Scientists: Aquaculture education in India - opportunities for global partnership M.C. Nandeesha Information system of fish germplasm resources in China Yang Ningsheng, Ge Chanshui, Ouyang Haiying, Yuan Yongming Status and development needs of freshwater crustacean aquaculture in China Xu Pao Research and Farming Techniques Aquaculture fundamentals: Getting the most out of your feed Part II: The role of macronutrients Simon Wilkinson Fish breeding in captivity - some innovative adaptations of technology by Bengal farmers N.R. Chattopadhyay Scientific guidelines for farmers engaged in freshwater prawn farming in India Vishal Saxena Marine Finfish Section News and publications Status and development of mariculture in Indonesia Ketut Sugama Aquatic Animal Health Use of probiotics in larval rearing of new candidate species Rehana Abidi Advice on aquatic animal health care: Problems in shrimp culture during the wet season (Thai/English languages) Pornlerd Chanratchakool

SAMUDRA Report, No. 50, August 2008

Report: Rights-based fishing - Flagging rights, realizing responsibilities. Senegal: Artisanal fisheries - A health check. Analysis: Fuel prices - Fishing in times of high prices. Panama: Protected areas - Mother earth, mother sea. Review: Films - A restless, throbbing ballet. Norway: Fuel subsidies - Skimming the cream. India: Coastal Management - Save the coast, save the fishers. Report: Chile Workshop - Common concerns, lasting bonds. Indonesia: Fisheries Legislation - Ring of fire. Report: CBD COP9 - Breaking away from tradition. On Samudra Report At 50 – Supplement. (64 pp.)

STREAM Journal, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp 1-18. July-September 2003

CONTENTS: Livelihood Improvements through fisheries in the Pode community in Pokhara, Nepal, by Tek Bahadur Gurung and Jay Dev Bista. Women’s participation in coastal resources management and livelihoods in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, by Nguyen Thu Hue, Than Thi Hien, Pham Thi Phuong Hoa, Nguyen Viet Vinh and Dao Viet Long. Supporting people’s efforts and interactions in coastal resources management in Indonesia, by Tabitha Yulita. Planning for a community fisheries M&E system, by Heather Airlie and Haiko Meelis. Identifying needs and recommendations for efficient stakeholder communications through an information access survey, by Elizabeth M. Gonzales, Malene Felsing and Erwin L Pador. IEC seminar-workshop in support of fisheries ordinance implementation in Roxas City, Philippines, by Belinda M. Garrido and Elizabeth M. Gonzales.

STREAM Journal, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp 1-17. October-December 2004

CONTENTS: Pasoso project: local livelihoods and turtle conservation in a small island MPA in central Sulawesi, Indonesia, by Abigail Moore. Fisheries development in Lao PDR, by Khamphet Roger. Creating better fisher livelihoods through leasable fisheries, by Khin Maung Soe. The Jankar system for sustainable livelihoods: lessons from the EIRFP, by Binay Kumar Sahay. Alternative livelihoods for landlocked areas in BFAR Region 6, by Jacqueline T. Mamburam. Lessons learned and future replication from Trao reef locally managed marine reserve, by Than Thi Hien.

STREAM Journal, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp 1-17. October-December 2005

CONTENTS: Seaweed culture and farmer incomes in Bekasi, Indonesia, by A. Mauksit L. Maala and Aniza Suspita. Significant change for a self-help group, by Nguyen Song Ha. Conflict over fishing in Jharkhand, by Ashish Kumar. Two worlds across a highway, by William Savage. Critical steps in preparing coastal communities for effective policy changes, by Josephine P. Savaris. New guidelines on data collection and iniormation sharing for co-management, by Charlotte Howard.

Strategies and options for increasing and sustaining fisheries and aquaculture production to benefit poorer households in Asia

The last three decades have witnessed dramatic changes in the structure of supply and demand for fish, especially in Asia. This WorldFish research study sponsored by the Asian Development Bank focussed on nine developing countries – Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam, all active players in the transformation of global fish supply and demand. The study, broken into five components and reported here, considered: 1) the profile of key aquaculture technologies and fishing practices; 2) analysis of policies, institutions and support services; 3) socioeconomic profile of major stakeholders in the fisheries sector; 4) projections of fish demand and supply in the nine Asian countries; and 5) formulation of national action plans based on the findings and recommendations of the study.

Aquaculture Asia, Vol.13, No.4, pp.1-51, October-December 2008

Editorial An increasingly secure future for wastewater-fed aquaculture in Kolkata, India? by Peter Edwards. First culture-based fisheries growth cycle in Lao PDR is overwhelmingly encouraging, by Sena De Silva. Revival of abandoned shrimp farms in Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh, by National Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture (NaCSA). Growth of forward and backward industries linked with aquaculture in Kolleru Lake area, Andhra Pradesh, India, by A. K. Roy, G. S. Saha, P. Kumaraiah and N. Sarangi Effective marketing strategies for economic viability of prawn farming in Kuttanad, India, by Ranjeet K. and B. Madhusoodana Kurup. Applications of nutritional biotechnology in aquaculture, by S.D. Singh, S.K. Nayak, M. Sekar and B.K. Behera. Some technical and management aspects of catfish hatcheries in Hong Ngu district, Dong Thap province, Vietnam, by H. P. Hung, N. T. T. An, N. V. Trieu, D. T. Yen, U. Na-Nakorn, Thuy T. T. Nguyen. Nodavirus: An emerging threat to freshwater prawn farming, by Biju Sam Kamalam, J., Saravanan, S. and Ajith Stalin, J.L. Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network Magazine: Asian seabass farming: Brainstorming workshop and training in India. Comparative study for broodstock management of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) in cages and earthen ponds with hormone treatment, by Nani Gopal Das, Md. Shahadat Hossain, Sushanta Bhattacharjee and Prabal Barua. Cultivation of gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus L.) in low saline inland water of the southern part of Israel desert, by Samuel Appelbaum and A. Jesu Arockia Raj. Mariculture development opportunities in SE Sulawesi, Indonesia, by La Ode M. Aslan, Hotman Hutauruk, Armen Zulham,Irwan Effendy, Mhummaed Atid, Michael Phillips, Lars Olsen, Brendan Larkin, Sena S De Silva, Geoff Gooley. Improved hatchery and grow-out technology for marine finfish. NACA Newsletter