1ère journée vaudoise des pratiques infirmières en psychiatrie: actes des interventions

Introduction / Jean-Michel Kaision - Pratique de centre thérapeutique de jour / Yves Donon ... [et al.] - La contention interrogée / Didier Camus, Yves Cossy - Modèle de soins par référent / Catherine Matter, Jean-Bernard Moreillon - Soins en milieu carcéral / Joaquin Lopez - Groupes thérapeutiques d'affirmation de soi / Clarisse Waller, Aziz Salamat

Soins et suicidalité

Une expérience de la Section des Troubles Anxieux et de l'Humeur - Elaboration d'un cadre de soins spécifique pour patient suicidaire - Recherche et contrat

Single centre experience of the application of self navigated 3D whole heart cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the assessment of cardiac anatomy in congenital heart disease.

BACKGROUND: For free-breathing cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), the self-navigation technique recently emerged, which is expected to deliver high-quality data with a high success rate. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that self-navigated 3D-CMR enables the reliable assessment of cardiovascular anatomy in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and to define factors that affect image quality. METHODS: CHD patients ≥2 years-old and referred for CMR for initial assessment or for a follow-up study were included to undergo a free-breathing self-navigated 3D CMR at 1.5T. Performance criteria were: correct description of cardiac segmental anatomy, overall image quality, coronary artery visibility, and reproducibility of great vessels diameter measurements. Factors associated with insufficient image quality were identified using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Self-navigated CMR was performed in 105 patients (55% male, 23 ± 12y). Correct segmental description was achieved in 93% and 96% for observer 1 and 2, respectively. Diagnostic quality was obtained in 90% of examinations, and it increased to 94% if contrast-enhanced. Left anterior descending, circumflex, and right coronary arteries were visualized in 93%, 87% and 98%, respectively. Younger age, higher heart rate, lower ejection fraction, and lack of contrast medium were independently associated with reduced image quality. However, a similar rate of diagnostic image quality was obtained in children and adults. CONCLUSION: In patients with CHD, self-navigated free-breathing CMR provides high-resolution 3D visualization of the heart and great vessels with excellent robustness.

Responding to Young People's Health Risks in Primary Care: A Cluster Randomised Trial of Training Clinicians in Screening and Motivational Interviewing.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention implementing best practice guidelines recommending clinicians screen and counsel young people across multiple psychosocial risk factors, on clinicians' detection of health risks and patients' risk taking behaviour, compared to a didactic seminar on young people's health. DESIGN: Pragmatic cluster randomised trial where volunteer general practices were stratified by postcode advantage or disadvantage score and billing type (private, free national health, community health centre), then randomised into either intervention or comparison arms using a computer generated random sequence. Three months post-intervention, patients were recruited from all practices post-consultation for a Computer Assisted Telephone Interview and followed up three and 12 months later. Researchers recruiting, consenting and interviewing patients and patients themselves were masked to allocation status; clinicians were not. SETTING: General practices in metropolitan and rural Victoria, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: General practices with at least one interested clinician (general practitioner or nurse) and their 14-24 year old patients. INTERVENTION: This complex intervention was designed using evidence based practice in learning and change in clinician behaviour and general practice systems, and included best practice approaches to motivating change in adolescent risk taking behaviours. The intervention involved training clinicians (nine hours) in health risk screening, use of a screening tool and motivational interviewing; training all practice staff (receptionists and clinicians) in engaging youth; provision of feedback to clinicians of patients' risk data; and two practice visits to support new screening and referral resources. Comparison clinicians received one didactic educational seminar (three hours) on engaging youth and health risk screening. OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were patient report of (1) clinician detection of at least one of six health risk behaviours (tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, risks for sexually transmitted infection, STI, unplanned pregnancy, and road risks); and (2) change in one or more of the six health risk behaviours, at three months or at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were likelihood of future visits, trust in the clinician after exit interview, clinician detection of emotional distress and fear and abuse in relationships, and emotional distress at three and 12 months. Patient acceptability of the screening tool was also described for the intervention arm. Analyses were adjusted for practice location and billing type, patients' sex, age, and recruitment method, and past health risks, where appropriate. An intention to treat analysis approach was used, which included multilevel multiple imputation for missing outcome data. RESULTS: 42 practices were randomly allocated to intervention or comparison arms. Two intervention practices withdrew post allocation, prior to training, leaving 19 intervention (53 clinicians, 377 patients) and 21 comparison (79 clinicians, 524 patients) practices. 69% of patients in both intervention (260) and comparison (360) arms completed the 12 month follow-up. Intervention clinicians discussed more health risks per patient (59.7%) than comparison clinicians (52.7%) and thus were more likely to detect a higher proportion of young people with at least one of the six health risk behaviours (38.4% vs 26.7%, risk difference [RD] 11.6%, Confidence Interval [CI] 2.93% to 20.3%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.7, CI 1.1 to 2.5). Patients reported less illicit drug use (RD -6.0, CI -11 to -1.2; OR 0·52, CI 0·28 to 0·96), and less risk for STI (RD -5.4, CI -11 to 0.2; OR 0·66, CI 0·46 to 0·96) at three months in the intervention relative to the comparison arm, and for unplanned pregnancy at 12 months (RD -4.4; CI -8.7 to -0.1; OR 0·40, CI 0·20 to 0·80). No differences were detected between arms on other health risks. There were no differences on secondary outcomes, apart from a greater detection of abuse (OR 13.8, CI 1.71 to 111). There were no reports of harmful events and intervention arm youth had high acceptance of the screening tool. CONCLUSIONS: A complex intervention, compared to a simple educational seminar for practices, improved detection of health risk behaviours in young people. Impact on health outcomes was inconclusive. Technology enabling more efficient, systematic health-risk screening may allow providers to target counselling toward higher risk individuals. Further trials require more power to confirm health benefits. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN.com ISRCTN16059206.

Centre I+R+D en l’àmbit agroalimentari

Recuperació d’una antiga bòbila de rajols del segle XX a Vilafant per a la implantació d’un centre d’investigació, recerca i desenvolupament en el sector agroalimentari. La fàbrica , abandonada des dels anys 60, presenta esfondraments parcials de bona part de l’edifici. La proposta arquitectònica es basa en tres eixos principals: recuperació del patrimoni industrial, preservant l’essència de l’espai primitiu, compatible amb els nous usos de la proposta arquitectònica ; proposta de tractament de l’entorn immediat per a la integració paisatgística de la proposta ; implantació d’un nou pol de coneixement que millori la situació de les explotacions agrícoles del territori i del país.L’abast del projecte té dues vessants: local i territorial per la recuperació del patrimoni i creixement de les empreses locals que puguin col•laborar amb aquests centres d’investigació i estatal i mundial ja que els programes d’investigació, recerca i desenvolupament generen avenços i coneixement aplicables a d’altres territoris

Status epilepticus: impact of therapeutic coma on outcome

L'état de mal épileptique (EME) est la plus fréquente urgence neurologique après les accidents vasculaires cérébraux, avec des hauts taux de morbidité et mortalité (Coeytaux et al., 2000). Son traitement est basé sur une approche en trois étapes (Meiekord et al., 2010). Dans ce contexte, un EME ne répondant pas aux benzodiazépines (1er ligne de traitement) suivi par des médicaments antiépileptiques (2ème ligne de traitement) est appelé EME réfractaire. Pour cette condition, représentant entre le 23% et le 43% des EME (Novy et al., 201O; Holtkamp et al., 2005), les actuelles recommandations préconisent un traitement par coma pharmacologique (3ème ligne de traitement), malgré un faible niveau d'évidence (Rossetti et al., 2011). En effet, l'impact du coma pharmacologique sur l'issue clinique n'a pas encore été clairement établi. Récemment, deux études américaines (Kowalski et al., 2012; Hocker et al., 2013) et une étude suisse (Sutter et al., 2014), ont montré un effet potentiellement délétère de ce type de traitement. Cependant, ces études étaient limitées à des patients hospitalisés aux soins intensifs et les analyses n'étaient pas ajustées pour tous les facteurs pronostiques connus. Le but de notre travail, publié dans Critical Gare Medicine (Marchi et al., 2015), était d'évaluer l'impact spécifique du coma pharmacologique sur le pronostic des patients avec EME, sans limitations aux soins intensifs et avec un·ajustement plus attentif concernant les autres facteurs pronostiques. En utilisant notre registre prospectif des patients avec EME traités aux Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, nous avons comparé l'issue clinique à la sortie de l'hôpital des patients traités avec ou sans coma pharmacologique (467 épisodes au total). Ensuite, nous avons utilisé une régression logistique multinomiale pour ajuster les résultats par les autres facteur pronostiques connus (âge, absence de crises épileptiques précédentes, étiologie potentiellement fatale, gravité clinique de l'EME, comorbidités). Nous · avons pu mettre ainsi en évidence que le traitement avec coma pharmacologique est associé avec une mauvaise issue clinique après un EME. De plus, nous avons pu po_ur la première fois montrer que cet effet est d'autant plus important chez les patients avec un EME de type partiel complexe au moment du traitement. Nos résultats suggèrent que l'utilisation du coma pharmacologique ne doit pas être indiscriminée dans l'EME réfractaire et qu'une évaluation de la situation clinique de base permet une optimisation son emploi.