Body Composition and Net Energy Requirements for Maintenance of Non-Castrated Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

The research aimed to estimate body contents of protein and energy and net requirements of energy for maintenance of buffaloes, slaughtered at different stages of maturity. There were used 14 Mediterranean intact males with initial average body weight of 352.2 +/- 24.3 kg and average age of 24 months. The animais were randomly divided into four experimental groups. One group was designed to slaughter at the beginning of the experimental period (IS). The animals of another group were restricting fed, receiving, individually, levels of protein and energy 15% above maintenance (RF). The animals of the two remaining groups were individually fed ad libitum (SW450 and SW500) to reach weights corresponding to 100 and 110 percent of the mature weight of the buffalo cows (respectively 450 and 550 kg). The ration contained ground-corn cobs, soybean meal, urea, minerals, and signal-grass (Brachiaria decumbens) hay, with a concentrate: roughage ratio of 50: 50 and 13% of crude protein on a dry matter basis. To estimate changes in body composition inside the range of weights included in the trial, linear regression equations of log protein (kg), fat (kg) and energy (Mcal) as a function of log empty-body-weight (EBW), in kg, were fitted. Energy requirements for maintenance were obtained as estimated heat production at zero level of energy intake. Buffaloes submitted to fattening in feedlot presented early body fat deposition, and had with the same live weight lower protein content and higher fat content and energy per unit weight than european-zebu crossbred cattle.

Germoplasma do gênero Paspalum com potencial para produção de forragem

This study was carried out in Fazenda Canchim in Sao Carlos-SP, physical base of Embrapa Southeast Livestock, aiming to select, based on the agronomic characteristics of productivity of dry matter and quality of the forage, the accesses of suitable gender Paspalum for possessing potentiality of use as foraging plants. Were evaluated for 3 years, with 22 forage grasses, being 19 of Paspalum and three more of control species: Brachiaria decumbens, Andropogon gayanus cv. Baet and Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, submitted to two intensification levels: high (fertilizer after each cut and supplemental irrigation) and low (only fertilizer of annual replacement without irrigation). The experimental design was of split blocks subdivided in the space and time with two replications. The studied variables were: dry matter production, in vitro dry matter digestibility and crude protein content. The results show that the accesses responded to the intensification level minimizing the negative effect of the stational production. Based on the studied variables, the selected accesses were: BRA-011401 (Paspalum glaucescens); BRA-011681 (P. atratum); BRA009661 (P. atratum) and BRA-019186 (P. regnellii).

Acúmulo e desaparecimento de forragem e variações na estrutura de pastos de capim-xaraés submetidos a intensidades de pastejo em lotação intermitente

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of residual leaf area index (rLAI), years of evaluation and grazing cycles on the accumulation and disappearance of forage, and changes in the pasture structure of xaraes palisadegrass submitted to grazing intensities and intermittent stocking in two summers. The experiment was carried out at the Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinaria of Unesp, Campus of Jaboticabal, SP and the intensities of grazing were defined by four rLAI: 0.8, 1.3, 1.8 and 2.3. When the canopy intercepted 95% of incident light, the animals were placed on the pasture for grazing and kept until the rLAI target has been reached. Pastures were grazed by non-lactating Holstein cows (Bos Taurus Taurus L.), using the technique of mob-stocking. It was evaluated the canopy height, accumulation, disappearance and morphological components of forage and rest period. Residual leaf area index from 1.3 to 1.8 are the best in the accumulation and disappearance of forage and pasture structure. It is observed variability of the accumulation and disappearance of forage and pasture structure for years of assessment and grazing cycles within each year.

Effect of gamma irradiation on the nutritional quality of Agaricus bisporus strains cultivated in different composts

The effect of irradiation doses (0, 125, 250 and 500 Gy) on the nutritional quality of A. bisporus mushrooms (strains ABI-07/06, ABI-05/03 and PB-1) cultivated in composts based on oat straw (Avena sativa) and brachiaria (Brachiaria sp.) was evaluated. The experimental design was 4 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme (irradiation doses x strains x composts), with 24 treatments, consisting of two repetitions each, totaling 48 experimental units (samples of mushrooms). The samples were irradiated in Cobalt-60 irradiator, model Gammacell 220 kGy, with dose rate of 0.740 kGy h(-1), according to the treatments proposed. Subsequently, the control (unirradiated) and the other treatments were maintained at 4 +/- 1 degrees C and 90% RH in a climatic chamber for carrying out the chemical analysis of the mushrooms on the 1st and 14th day of storage. It was found that all A. bisporus strains evaluated were food with excellent nutritional value, because they presented high protein and fiber contents and low ethereal extract content; the chemical characterization of the mushrooms was influenced by the compost type in which they were cultivated; gamma irradiation influenced the chemical composition of mushrooms.

Upland rice under no-tillage preceded by crops for soil cover and nitrogen fertilization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cover crops affecting levels of ammonium and nitrate in the soil and upland rice development

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Intercropping soybean and palisade grass for enhanced land use efficiency and revenue in a no till system

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relação nitrogênio não proteico e proteína verdadeira em suplementos na recria de bezerros Nelore

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Doses de nitrogênio em cobertura no feijoeiro em sucessão a gramíneas no cultivo de inverno-primavera

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Frações oxidáveis do carbono orgânico total e macrofauna edáfica em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Congo grass grown in rotation with soybean affects phosphorus bound to soil carbon

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Acúmulo de macronutrientes e decomposição da palhada de braquiárias em razão da adubação nitrogenada durante e após o consórcio com a cultura do milho

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Composição específica e distribuição da comunidade de macrófitas aquáticas no reservatório de aimorés

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dry matter yield and tillering of brachiarias sown at depths intercropped with corn

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Correlação entre condição da superfície do solo agrícola e o coeficiente de absorção acústica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)