NORDSIECK FORMS OF STIFFLY-STABLE ADAMS-TYPE CYCLIC METHODS THAT ARE INSENSITIVE TO STEP-SIZE CHANGES

In this paper we determine a matrix S and a vector l for stiffly-stable Adams-type cyclic methods that are insensitive to step size changes by using the definition of equivalent methods, (see, e.g. [l]), in the Nordsieck notation. The elements S and l, written in a parametric form, permit us to represent in Nordsieck form the methods that were constructed in [7] and the new methods that satisfy the above properties.

New Neotropical species of Ceraeochrysa Adams (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Species of Ceraeochrysa Adams are distributed from southeast Canada to Argentina. Larvae feed on aphids, thrips, white flies, mites, and neonatal larvae of Lepidoptera in varied agroecosystems. Seven species are known in Venezuela, viz. Ceraeochrysa achillea Freitas & Penny, C. angulata (Navas), C. bitacornua Freitas & Penny, C. caligata (Banks), C. cubana (Hagen), C. everes (Banks), and C. valida (Banks). In this study, three species are described as new to science, Ceraeochrysa melaenopareia sp. nov., Ceraeochrysa pittieri sp. nov., and Ceraeochrysa torresi sp. nov.

Systematic position of Xyris: Flower and seed anatomy

Flower anatomy, embryology, and seed anatomy are described for some Brazilian species of Xyris section Nematopus and reviewed with respect to the systematic position of Xyris and allied taxa in Commelinanae. Apart from tenuinucellate ovules (shared with Poales, Mayaca, and Eriocaulaceae), Xyris lacks some of the synapomorphies of other genera that are sometimes included in Xyridaceae (Aratitiyopea, Achlyphila, Abolboda, and Orectanthe), such as inaperturate spinulate pollen; Xyris has monosulcate reticulate pollen. There is an unusual degree of variation among different genera of Xyridaceae for characters such as tapetum type, indicating that the monophyly of the family requires testing. However, while several characters indicate two generic groups, there is much missing critical information for embryological and seed coat characters in other Xyridaceae.

The flower workshop in psychosocial rehabilitation: A pilot study

We report a pilot study with the Flower Workshop, a new modality of psychosocial rehabilitation group activity. Cognitive performance in schizophrenia and other mental conditions can be impaired depending on the tasks to be executed and their respective social context. The vulnerability of these individuals can be reduced by means of cognitive and socio-affective facilitation. We conducted a pilot study to introduce the Flower Workshop in a public Mental Health Service in the city of Ribeirao Preto (Sao Paulo-Brasil) with 12 participants during 18 months (2002-2003). With cognitive and socio-affective facilitation, participants were able to construct vases and make flower arrangements successfully.

Flower mites decrease nectar availability in the rain-forest bromeliad Neoregelia johannis

Nectarivorous flower mites can reduce the volume of nectar available to pollinators. The effects of the flower mite Proctolaelaps sp. on nectar availability in flowers of a melittophilous bromeliad Neoregelia johannis (Bromeliaceae) was evaluated in a coastal rain forest in south-eastern Brazil. In a randomized block experiment utilizing 18 flower pairs, one per bromeliad ramet, pollinators (Bombus morio) and mites were excluded, and then nectar volume, sugar concentration and sugar mass were quantified over the anthesis period. Mites significantly reduced nectar volume early in the morning (6h00-8h00), but not later (10h00-12h00). Mites decreased total volume of nectar available up to 22%. Sugar concentration in nectar was higher earlier in the morning, and decreased between 10h00-12h00. The pronounced consumption of nectar by mites during the period of higher sugar concentration reduced the total amount of sugar available to pollinators by 31%. This is the first study showing that flower mites decrease nectar rewards in a melittophilous plant. Because nectar volume by itself incompletely describes nectar production rates and the effects of nectar removal by flower mites on the availability of sugar, our study highlights the inclusion of sugar content in future studies assessing the effects of thieves on nectar production rates. Copyright © 2010 Cambridge University Press.

Mango flower induction in the brazilian northeast Semi-arid with gibberellin synthesis inhibitors

Mangoes in the Brazilian semi-arid stands out in the national scenario due to high yields and fruit quality, and also to the possibility of all-year production taking advantage of the climatic conditions as well as management technique (irrigation, pruning and growth regulators application) for plant growth and blossom control. Paclobutrazol soil drench applied is normally used for production management of mangoes. This research deals with the evaluation of the effect of foliar applied growth regulators to mango, cultivar 'Kent', as regard to their efficiency for blossom management, in order to allow off season mango production. Three growth regulators (prohexadione-Ca, trinexapac-ethyl and chlormequat chloride) were foliar applied, at two dosages and compared to paclobutrazol applied as soil-drench. In order to compare the effects of the treatment, data were recorded related to panicle emission (percentage and length), period of time until blossom and production, yield (number and plant weight) and post-harvest quality of the fruit (total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, firmness, flesh and skin color and appearance). The results showed that prohexadione-Ca and chlormequat chloride induced a 15-day early harvest, while paclobutrazol, alone or combined with prohexadione-Ca, allow to harvest 25 days in advance, when compared to trinexapac-ethyl and control trees. Growth regulators foliar applied and paclobutrazol applied as soil-drench delayed mangoes fruit ripening in post-harvest.

Homologies of the flower and inflorescence in the early-divergent grass anomochloa (poaceae)

Premise of the study: The grass subfamily Anomochlooideae is phylogenetically significant as the sister group to all other grasses. Thus, comparison of their structure with that of other grasses could provide clues to the evolutionary origin of these characters. Methods: We describe the structure, embryology, and development of the flower and partial inflorescence of the monotypic Brazilian grass Anomochloa marantoidea. We compare these features with those of other early-divergent grasses such as Pharus and Streptochaeta and closely related Poales such as Ecdeiocolea. Key results: Anomochloa possesses several features that are characteristic of Poaceae, notably a scutellum, a solid style, reduced stamen number, and an ovary with a single ovule that develops into a single indehiscent fruit. Interpretation of floral patterning in Anomochloa is problematic because the ramification pattern of the florets places the bracts and axes in unusual positions relative to the primary inflorescence axis. Our study indicates that there is a single abaxial carpel in Anomochloa, probably due to a cryptic type of pseudomonomery in Anomochloa that resembles the pseudomonomery of other grasses. On the other hand, the Anomochloa flower differs from the typical grass flower in lacking lodicules and possessing four stamens, in contrast with the tristaminate condition that characterizes many other grasses. Conclusions: Using the median part of the innermost bract as a locator, we tentatively homologize the inner bract of the Anomochloa partial inflorescence with the palea of other grasses. In this interpretation, the pattern of monosymmetry due to stamen suppression differs from that of Ecdeiocolea. © 2012 Botanical Society of America.

Espécies de Ceraeochrysa Adams (Neuroptera: Crysopidae) presentes em pomares de Citrus SPP., na Venezuela

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

A estética da recepção contribuindo para o ensino de literatura-infantil: uma experiência com o conto A pequena vendedora de fósforos, de Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Revisão taxonômica do gênero Polycentrus Müller & Troschel, 1848 (Perciformes; Polycentridae) com a descrição de três novas espécies

O gênero Polycentrus Müller & Troschel é revisado. Quatro espécies são reconhecidas P. schomburgkii redescrita e três espécies novas descritas. A diagnose do gênero é ampliada baseada em dados merísticos, morfológicos e do colorido. Polycentrus “Caxiuanã”, do baixo Amazonas, diferencia-se pela borda ventral do inter-opercular totalmente serreada vs. lisa ou parcialmente serreada nos congêneres, entre outros caracteres. Polycentrus n. sp. “Rio Negro”, do médio Rio Negro, pelo osso lacrimal liso vs. serreado nos congêneres mais a combinação de outros caracteres não exclusivos. Polycentrus n. sp. “Flechal”, da bacia do rio Araguari, diferencia-se por apresentar barra negra vertical no opérculo vs. máculas não formando barras nos congêneres, mais a combinação de outros caracteres não exclusivos. Uma chave dicotômica para espécies, bem como comentários sobres caracteres exclusivos e compartilhados são apresentados.

Variações morfológicas em Edessa rufomarginata e revalidação de E. albomarginata e E. marginalis (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Edessinae)

ABSTRACT: Based on the types of Edessa rufomarginata (De Geer, 1773) and its synonyms, on morphology of the paramere and coloration, seven patterns are described for E. rufomarginata. Pentatoma furcata Palisot de Beauvois, 1805, Cimex cruentus Fabricius, 1775, Aceratodes flavovirens Stål, 1855 and A. flavomarginatus Stål, 1855 are mantained as junior synonyms of E. rufomarginata. A. albomarginatus Stål, 1855 and A. marginalis Dallas, 1951 are removed from the synonymy of E. rufomarginata and are reinstated in Edessa. Aceratodes discolor Dallas, 1951 is removed from the synonymy of E. rufomarginata and is considered junior synonym of Edessa abdominalis Erichson, 1848.

Comportamento e dieta de Chiropotes albinasus (I. Geoffroy & Deville, 1848) - cuxiú-de-nariz-vermelho

Os cuxiús-de-nariz-vermelho são primatas neotropicais pouco conhecidos e encontramse na Lista de Espécies Ameaçadas da IUCN na categoria “Ameaçada de Extinção”. Este estudo foi desenvolvido com um grupo desta espécie de primatas na RPPN Cristalino, MT. Foi estudado o orçamento de atividades, uso de espaço e a ecologia alimentar do grupo, através do método de “Varredura Instantânea”. O grupo foi acompanhado durante 6 meses, incluindo 2 meses na estação chuvosa e 4 meses na estação seca. As categorias comportamentais Deslocamento, Alimentação e Parado foram responsáveis por 81,17% dos registros gerais de atividades. Os animais utilizaram com maior intensidade o estrato intermediário da floresta (entre 16 e 20 metros). A dieta do grupo foi preferencialmente frugívora (82,52%), mas também se alimentaram de invertebrados. Cerca de 18 famílias botânicas foram consumidas. Sendo os taxons Arrabidaea sp. e Brosimum latescens os mais comuns. Nos meses de seca houve um maior acréscimo de outros itens alimentares, como flores e invertebrados na dieta dos cuxiús. O tamanho do grupo variou entre 1 e 19 indivíduos ao longo do estudo, assim como a estrutura sexual que também variou bastante. Foi observado o cuidado parental por parte dos machos, além de interações agonísticas interespecíficas entre Ateles marginatus e Sapajus apella.

Social wasp-flower visiting guild interactions in less structurally complex habitats are more susceptible to local extinction

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

First zoeal stage of ? Cataleptodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793) and Xanthodius denticulatus (White, 1848) (Decapoda: Brachyura): larval evidences and systematic position

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)