The study of biological characteristics and heavy metal determination of Cd, Pb, Fe, V, Ni in the muscle, liver and gonad tissues of kingfish Scomberomorus commerson in the coastal waters of the Hormozagan Province (Persian Gulf)

Biological studies and heavy metal (Ni, v, Fe, Pb,Cd) determination in liver, gonad and muscle of Scomberomorus commerson were carried out from Oct 2006 to Sept 2007 in Hormozgan coastal waters. 599 Samples were gutted for reproduction and nutrition studies, fork length and weight were measured to nearest cm and g respectively. Meanwhile 40 samples were also investigated for heavy metal studies. All specimens were collected from two major landing sites (Bandar Lengeh & Bandar Abbas). Minimums & maximum fork length & weight were 29, 128 cm & 235 and 15350 g respectively.Isometric growth was shown according to our study and b was estimated 2.9 (overall), 2.91(male) & 2.89 (female). The average relative gut length was 0.52± 0.007 and it was determined that S. commerson is a carnivorous. More than 99 percent of gut content was different teleost fishes. Gastro somatic index had two peaks in Nov & Jan (before spawning) and with a decreased trend in July, the spawning period. Occurrence of empty stomach was estimated % 65.77. Maximum amount of condition factor was in Dec. Spawning season was started from June. The average of Absolute & relative fecundity (to weight unit) was 1217149±179315 and 178.2±15.58 respectively. Lm50% was estimated 75 cm for females. Sex ratio was 0.97: 1 (male: female). Chi- Square test showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Maximum amount of hepatosomatic index was estimated in March.Metal concentrations were determined using either Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (for Fe) or Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (for Pb,Cd,Ni and V). The mean concentration (μg/g dry weight)of Pb,Cd,Ni,V and Fe in the liver were 0.0309, 0.0268, 0.0672, 0.0077, 2.5159 in the gonad 0.0440 ,0.0295, 0.1096, 0.0000, 1.4449 and in the muscle 0.0244, 0.0324, 0.0656, 0.0128, 1.6138 respectively. The maximum metal concentrations were below the maximum permissible limits for human consumption recommended by the USEPA, WHO and the UK. The results of Kendall's Tau-b correlation coefficient were as follows: The Liver tissue: There were significant positive linear relationships between accumulation of V, Fe, and Pb with Fork length, Pb and Fe with weight, GSI with Pb, Cd, V and 109 Fe, and a negative linear relationships between HSI with accumulation of V and Fe, Fork length, weight and GSI. The Gonad tissue: There were significant positive linear relationships between GSI with accumulation of Pb, Cd, Fe, Fork length and weight, a negative linear relationship between HSI with Fork length, weight and GSI. The Muscle tissue: There were significant positive linear relationships between accumulations of V, Fe with Fork length and weight factors and as well as GSI with Cd, V, Fe, Pb, Fork length and weight,a negative linear relationship between HSI with Fork length, weight, Cd, Fe and GSI. The results of Mann-Whitney U tests (P≤0.05) show that there were significant differences between summer and autumn from heavy metal contents in the studied tissues point of view. The only exceptions were for Ni in the liver, gonads and muscle and as well as there were significant differences between male and female from heavy metal contents in the studied tissues. The only exceptions were for Pb in muscle, Ni in liver, gonad and muscle, V in muscle, and Cd and Fe in gonads.

Cryopreservation of Kunming mouse oocytes using slow cooling, ultrarapid cooling and vitrification protocols

The cryopreservation of oocytes has been only marginally successful with any of the current protocols, including slow cooling, rapid cooling and vitrification. We wished to test the hypothesis that oocytes from a single mouse strain would freeze successfully by 1 of the 3 mentioned protocols. Unfertilized Kunming mouse oocytes obtained 14 h after PMSG/hCG administration were randomly assigned to be cryopreserved after slow cooling, ultra rapid cooling and vitrification. Oocytes were thawed by straws being placed into 37 degrees C water, and their morphological appearance and in vitro fertilization capability were compared with that of oocytes that had not undergone cryopreservation. Survival of oocytes was indicated by the absence of darkened ooplasm or by broken membranes or zona pellucida. Functional integrity was evaluated by the formation of a 2-cell embryo after IVF. Survival rate of slow cooled oocytes did not differ from that seen in vitrified oocytes (55.1 vs 65.9%) but was significantly lower in the rapidly cooled oocytes (24.2%; P<0.01). The results of NF of slow cooled and vitrified oocytes were similar to those of the control group (72 and 73 vs 77%; P>0.05). It appears that Kunming mouse oocytes can be successfully cryopreserved using the slow cooling method with 1,2-propanediol and vitrification, which contains both permeating and nonpermeating cryoprotectants. (C) 1997 by Elsevier Science Inc.

大白蚁机体的蛋白质氨基酸及脂肪酸分析

对土垅大白蚁和簧翅大白蚁三个品极的干物质分析表明, 其工蚁的氨基酸总 量分别为42.16 ％和48.06％; 兵蚁分别为38.55％和33.78％; 蚁后分别为46.23 ％和41.09％。其必需氨基 酸含量占氨基酸总量的40％以上。土垅大白蚁蚁后的 体脂经甲酯化处理, 用气相色谱仪鉴定出13种脂肪酸, 其不饱和脂肪酸占68.77 ％, 其中油酸(18:1)51.14％、亚油酸(18:2)13.01 ％、亚麻酸(18:3)0.65％, 分析还发现含有十五碳酸、十七碳酸及十七碳—烯酸等不多见的奇数脂肪酸。图 1表3参9

Yield isopleths of Tilapia esculenta Graham 1928 in Lake Victoria and Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus) 1757 in Lake Albert

The yield equation given by BEVERTON and HOLT (1957) has several parameters which are difficult to estimate for tropical freshwater fish species. Nevertheless, some simplifying assumptions can be made and the most relevant parameters used to enable the construction of yield isopleths. Tilapia esculenfa has the following parameters: maximum length (L ∞=33.8 c.m. growth rate (K) = 0.32, natural mortality rate (M)=0.17 and the length at maturity (1 m)=22 cm. The optimum yield is obtained by catching the fish at a length of first capture of 26 em and a fishing mortality rate of 0.5. Tilapia nilotica with L ∞=49 cm, 1 m=36 cm, K=0.50 and M= 0.30 gives optimum yield when caught at a length of first capture of 35-36 cm with a fishing mortality rate of 0.5-0.6. The stuned Tilapia nilotica of Lake Albert has L ∞=17 cm, K=2.77,1 m=12 cm and M=3.37. With such a very high natural mortality, maximum yields would be obtained hy using a length of first capture less than 9 cm and a fishing mortality rate exceeding 1.8.

肝素钠生产中间产物效价的检测

将中间产物预先进行离心并调整 p H,采用绵羊血浆法测定效价 ,三氯乙酸法测定蛋白含量。正常情况下 ,猪肠粘膜的盐解液效价约为 6 0 0 0 0 u/副小肠 ,树脂吸附率为 79.6 %～ 84.0 % ,洗脱液得率 77.1%～ 81.8% ,乙醇沉淀物收率 80 .9%～ 85 .7%。酸化去蛋白质液和氧化液可分别按损失率 3%～ 7%和 10 %～ 2 0 %预测效价

小鼠表皮生长因子对鸡胚角膜上皮组织的增殖效应

鸡胚角膜上皮组织离体培养试验表明，小鼠表皮生长因子对10日龄鸡胚角膜上皮组织有显著的增殖效应。培养24h的实验组角膜上皮厚度较正常胚胎角膜上皮厚度增殖9．43倍。提示鸡胚角膜上皮组织离体培养可作为评价表皮生长因子制剂活性的生物检定法。

滇西鸡足山蝴蝶考察

在滇西鸡足山共采到蝶类100种, 隶属于8科58属。其中, 凤蝶科4属10种, 粉蝶科9属15种, 斑蝶科4属4种, 眼蝶科6属17种, 蛱蝶科14属23种, 蚬蝶科2属3 种, 厌蝶科13属17种, 弄蝶 科6属11种。表1参7

Is there a genetic relationship between mRNA and the encoded protein at three-dimensional level?

A comparative study on the structures of some mRNAs and their encoded proteins shows an intriguing correlation between the two foldings. Non-random distribution of codons in the secondary structures of mRNAs is also shown, which appears to be in accordance with the conformational properties of amino acids in protein structures to some extent. These results seem to suggest that there may be a kind of genetic relationship between mRNA and protein at three-dimensional level.

基于人工湿地的循环水产养殖系统工艺设计及净化效能

该研究首次将复合垂直流人工湿地同池塘养殖结合,通过构建养殖-湿地生态系统,验证人工湿地对水产养殖用水和废水净化与回用的可行性。近9个月的新建人工湿地运行结果表明,水力负荷从313、469、625 mm/d增加到781mm/d,人工湿地对TSS、CODC r和BOD5去除率的变动范围分别为80.5%~82.9%、45.2%~64.2%和61.0%~77.0%,对NH4+-N、NO3--N、TN去除率的变动范围分别为51.5%~67.8%-、90.6%~40.0%和29.1%~68.6%,对TP和IP的去除率

葛仙米室内规模化培养、群体显微结构及营养成分分析

以葛仙米为材料开展室内规模化培养,在15个月的培养期间,每月可产鲜藻38.3~293.7 kg,每立方米的培养体积葛仙米每月产量波动在9.58~77.45 kg,高温明显降低月产量。在葛仙米的表层和内部的显微结构明显不同,藻丝的长短、排列存在明显的差异。同时以人工培养的葛仙米为材料,测定了其生化组成;结果表明:人工培养的葛仙米含16种氨基酸,蛋白质含量为29.69%;脂肪的含量为0.78%,远低于野生葛仙米中脂肪的含量;维生素的含量较低;砷、铅、汞、镉4种重金属元素含量较低,其含量符合国家食品卫生标准。

中国9种嗜子宫线虫系统发育的初步研究

为了探讨鱼类寄生嗜子宫线虫的系统发育关系,测定了8种嗜子宫线虫的ITS rDNA(核糖体转录内间隔区核 糖核酸)序列和9种嗜子宫线虫的18S rDNA(小亚基核糖体核糖核酸)部分序列,并构建了18S rDNA序列的系统发 育树。在比较和分析ITS rDNA和18S rDNA两种分子标记对嗜子宫科线虫系统发育适用性的基础上,分析了嗜子 宫线虫的系统发育关系。结果表明:中国嗜子宫线虫是单系起源;黄颡鱼似嗜子宫线虫、赣州似嗜子宫线虫和棍头 嗜子宫线虫亲缘关系非常接近,可能是较晚形成的种;似嗜子宫线虫属可能应该被

滇池典型湖湾沉积物氮磷化学特性及疏浚层推算

以滇池围湖试验区海东湾和马村湾的沉积物为研究对象,对沉积物柱状样按每3cm分层,测试有机质、总磷及赋存形态磷(包括不稳定性磷、铁铝结合态磷、钙结合态磷、残渣磷)、总氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮和氨氮等指标.结果表明:近些年来,2湾遭受的氮、磷内源负荷比以前大;铁铝结合态磷在磷的各形态中含量最高,氨氮所占总氮的比例较其它湖泊偏低;也发现海东湾和马村湾这2个湖湾在9~12cm层总磷、总氮呈现污染减轻的趋势,同时在24~39cm的深度上,总磷、总氮指标再次出现转折,考虑可行性和经济制约,24~39cm处可作为疏浚层