瓦斯煤尘爆炸火焰光谱的实验研究

本文概述了瓦斯煤尘爆炸火焰光谱实验研究的重要性,我们在弱爆炸和探测器小视场角的条件下,利用自己研制的多波道仪,在一端开口的Φ200cm×2900cm大型管道里,得到了CH4、空气和煤尘的混合物在不同状态下,特征波长λ等于0.8875、1.000、1.505、2.801和4.346微米(μ)的绝对辐射强度及其有关的变化规律,对结果进行了分析讨论,并与国外实验结果进行了对比,根据测量λ=4.346μ绝对辐射强度和我们选择的黑体辐射模型,获得了爆炸火焰的温度,该项研究不仅在工业中具有重要意义,而且对燃烧和化学动力学的研究也具有参考价值。

含裂纹板壳及三维裂纹体断裂问题研究进展

<正> Ⅰ.前言 由于灾难性工程断裂事故时有发生,工程结构安全性评定引起人们的极大关注。1982年美国Battelle实验室在关于断裂损失的首次综合考察中提出,材料的断裂以及为防止这类破坏所作的努力,使美国工业每年耗费达1190亿美元,相当于国家总产值的4％。但在不增加断裂危险情况下,加强检查、维护和修理,约有29％的断裂耗费可以避免。利用断裂力学的研究成果改进材料制造工艺和加强焊接过程的质量控制,可使每年耗费再减少24％。因

激波加热空气红外辐射的测量

在ψ800mm低密度激波管的反射激波后,对高温平衡空气1μ附近分子带系辐射再一次进行了测量。激波管内初始压力取为0.1—lmmHg,测量的温度范围为6000—7500°K,相应的标准密度范围ρ/ρ_0≈0.016—0.1。 λ=1.04μ,测量的空气辐射比N_2(1+)频带贡献的辐射值约高2—5倍,超过量随P_1的增加而升高。过量辐射用NO分子密度归一化后对1/T作图,得到一条直线;而对N_2归一化后的作图,得到与前者平行、随P_1降低而从上向下平移的一组直线,这是联系空气辐射与氮分子的一种特有的新规律。它说明,除了激波管内初始密度维持不变之外,激波加热空气的近红外辐射与N_2分子之间,并不存在似它与NO及纯氮辐射对N_2分子那样的相关关系;揭露出过去激波管关于空气近红外辐射测量中出现的与NO假设和否定氮为主要辐射源的观点相矛盾的实验现象——所测强度数据似可用N_2(1+)来说明,是因密度范围较窄而造成的一种假象。因而,测量为论证空气在近红外的主要辐射源为NO而不是N_2提供了新的实验依据,并使以往激波管测量中的矛盾统一起来了。

Symmetry of chaotic attractors and kink-antikink structures in CMLs

In this paper the symmetries of coupled map lattices (CMLs) and their attractors are investigated by group and dynamical system theory, as well as numerical simulation, by means of which the kink-antikink patterns of CMLs in space-amplitude plots are discussed.

The mechanism of pattern selection in coupled map lattices

The pattern selection of one-dimensional coupled map lattices is studied in this paper. It is shown by spatiotemporal variable separation that there exists a threshold wavelength in pattern selection which possesses wave-like structures in space and periodic chaotic motion in time.

Evolution induced catastrophe

Fracture due to coalescence of microcracks seems to be catalogued in a new model of evolution induced catastrophe (EIC). The key underlying mechanism of the EIC is its automatically enlarging interaction of microcracks. This leads to an explosively evolving catastrophe. Most importantly, the EIC presents a fractal dimension spectrum which appears to be dependent on the interaction.

Application of the strain energy density criterion to ductile fracture

The strain energy density criterion due to Sih is used to predict fracture loads of two thin plates subjected to large elastic-plastic deformation. The prediction is achieved with a finite element analysis which is based on Hill's variational principle for incremental deformations capable of solving gross yielding problems involving arbitrary amounts of deformation. The computed results are in excellent agreement with those obtained in Sih's earlier analysis and with an experimental observation.

Kinetic model of continuous-wave flow chemical lasers

In this paper an analysis of the kinetic theory of the continuous-wave flow chemical lasers(CWFCL) is presented with emphasis being laid on the effects of inhomogeneous broadeningon CWFCL's performance. The results obtained are applicable to the case where laser fre-quency is either coincident or incoincident with that of the eenter of the line shape. This rela-tion has been,compared with that of the rate model in common use. These two models are almostidentical as the broadening parameter η is larger than 1. The smaller the value of η, thegreater the difference between the results of these two models will be. For fixed η, the dif-ferences between fhe results of the two models increase with the increase of the frequencyshift parameter ξ. When η is about less than 0.2. the kinetic model can predict exactly the in-homogeneous broadening effects,while the rate model cannot.

空间电动绳系推进中导电系绳动态特性分析

通过建立空间电动绳系系统动力学模型,研究了通有电流的导电系绳高速运动切割地球磁力线时系绳的振荡和变形特性。通过数值计算,分别给出了导电系绳在不同长度和不同主子星质量比下对系绳动态特性的影响,得到了一些规律性认识和结果。

离子钨钼共渗的扩散机制

对双层辉光离子钨钼共渗在离子轰击条件下形成的渗层和无离子轰击时形成的渗层进行了对比，计算了溶质原子钨和钼与空位的结合能。据溶质-空位复合体扩散的能量条件，提出溶质-空位复合体扩散机制在双层辉光离子钨钼共渗中起重要作用。由此解释了双层辉光离子钨钼共渗的W和Mo原子快速扩散现象和渗后冷却中大量金属间化合物在晶界的析出。

Un método de prospección en Arqueología de la Arquitectura. La arquitectura medieval «invisible»

[ES]Propuesta que se encuadra en el estudio de una serie de edificaciones anteriores al románico en la Diócesis de Vitoria, supuestamente inexistentes hasta el momento, en el marco del análisis de las técnicas constructivas medievales del territorio. Para ello se debía contar con una muestra de edificios bien fechados,algo imposible hasta la fecha dado que la historiografía negaba la existencia de iglesias prerrománicas en Álava. Por esto era necesario conseguir una muestra sobre la cual trabajar, para lo que se recurrió a un proceso de selección de edificios en los que se conservaran evidencias anteriores al románico, diseñándose el modelo de prospección que presentamos.