Johne’s Disease-Dairy, Winter 2009, Vol. 1, no.3

Animal science newsletter about Johne's Disease in cattle. Statistics, treatments, information about the disease itself and more.

Predicting the evacuation performance of aircraft using computer models - Part 1 of 3

Abstract not available

Varianzanalysen - Prüfen der Voraussetzungen und nichtparametrische Methoden sowie praktische Anwendungen mit R und SPSS. Version 1.1 (2.3.2015)

Die Voraussetzunen der parametrischen 1- und mehrfaktoriellen Varianzanalyse, mit und ohne Messwiederholungen, werden besprochen. Ferner werden eine Reihe von alternativen Verfahren vorgestellt, insbesondere einige nichtparametrische, darunter RT (rank transform), INT (inverse normal transform), ART (aligned rank transform), Puri & Sen (L statistic), van der Waerden und Akritas & Brunner (ATS anova type statistic), die sich auf die parametrische Varianzanalyse zurückführen lassen, sowie dichotome und ordinale logistische Regression. Hierzu werden Lösungen mit R und SPSS ausführlich gezeigt.

Síntese e caracterização do líquido iônico tetrafluoroborato de 1-metil-3-(2,6-(S)-dimetiloct-2-eno)-imidazol como eletrólito para produção de hidrogênio via eletrólise da água

Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic compounds liquid at room temperature, good electrical conductors, with the potential to form as a means for electrolyte on electrolysis of water, in which the electrodes would not be subjected to such extreme conditions demanding chemistry [1]. This paper describes the synthesis, characterization and study of the feasibility of ionic liquid ionic liquid 1-methyl-3(2,6-(S)-dimethyloct-2-ene)-imidazole tetrafluoroborate (MDI-BF4) as electrolyte to produce hydrogen through electrolysis of water. The MDI-BF4 synthesized was characterized by thermal methods of analysis (Thermogravimetric Analysis - TG and Differential Scanning Calorimetry - DSC), mid-infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform by method of attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of hydrogen (NMR 1H) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Where thermal methods were used to calculate the yield of the synthesis of MDI-BF4 which was 88.84%, characterized infrared spectroscopy functional groups of the compound and the binding B-F 1053 cm-1; the NMR 1H analyzed and compared with literature data defines the structure of MDI-BF4 and the current density achieved by MDI-BF4 in the voltammogram shows that the LI can conduct electrical current indicating that the MDI-BF4 is a good electrolyte, and that their behavior does not change with the increasing concentration of water

Aplicaciones prácticas de las NIF ES, de la NIC 01 a la 21 y Normas internacionales de información financiera 1 y 3, como un documento de consulta para el proceso de aprendizaje y de educación continuada en la carrera de Contaduría Pública.

La adopción de estándares internacionales como parte de la estandarización del reporte financiero a nivel mundial ha obligado al Consejo de Vigilancia de la Profesión de Contaduría Pública y Auditoria de El Salvador a buscar mecanismos eficientes y eficaces que garanticen su implementación en los diferentes sectores de la actividad empresarial del país. El Salvador aplicó hasta 1982 principios de contabilidad basado en las leyes mercantiles y leyes tributarias, o bien, principios de contabilidad establecidos por el Instituto Americano de Contadores Públicos y/o el Instituto Mexicano de Contadores Públicos. En enero de 1983 se creó el Comité Técnico, que estableció las Normas de Contabilidad Financiera (NCF) que deben observarse en la preparación y revisión de los estados financieros de conformidad con principios de contabilidad generalmente aceptados. No obstante el trabajo que se había realizado por parte del Comité Técnico, es hasta septiembre de 1999 que el Consejo de Vigilancia hace sus primeras manifestaciones respecto de la necesidad de Aplicar Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad como parte del marco de referencia para la preparación y presentación de los estados financieros, recomendando a las gremiales de contadores promover la difusión de las referidas normas. En octubre de 2003 el Consejo de Vigilancia acordó establecer un plan escalonado para la adopción de las Normas Internaciones de Contabilidad vigentes a esa fecha, acordando además, mantener el marco de referencia de las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad, así como sus revisiones y actualizaciones, mencionando que en el país, las NIC’s serían conocidas como “Normas de Información Financiera Adoptadas en El Salvador (NIF-ES)”. Desde esa fecha, las gremiales de profesionales, escuelas y departamentos de contaduría pública de las diferentes universidades del país, profesionales y empresarios independientes han realizado numerosos esfuerzos en ese sentido, a efectos de que las NIF-ES sean de dominio de los contadores y profesionales de las distintas empresas del país, no obstante, existen limitantes, debido a los altos niveles teóricos de la normas, estas se vuelven complejas de asimilar principalmente por aspectos de comprensibilidad y aplicabilidad técnica. Es por lo anterior que el presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolló, tomando como muestra de estudio 80 estudiantes que cursaban la materia Contabilidad Financiera IV, ciclo II-2006, de la carrera de Licenciatura de Contaduría Pública de la Universidad de El Salvador, a efectos de evaluar los conocimientos técnicos que estos habían asimilado a ese nivel, encontrando fuertes deficiencias en la parte técnica y en muchos casos desconocimiento de la obligatoriedad que existe en El Salvador de Aplicar NIF-ES. En tal sentido el desarrollo de Capitulo III, pretende dar respuesta a las necesidades encontradas, suministrando un instrumento técnico que recopila a manera de ejemplos, la aplicación práctico de las Normas de Información Financiera Adoptadas en El Salvador (NIF-ES) de la 1 a la 21 y Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera 1 y 3, como un documento de consulta para el proceso de aprendizaje y de educación continuada en la carrera de contaduría pública.

The official roster of South Carolina soldiers, sailors and marines in the World War, 1917-18, volume 1, part 3

This is the Official Roster of the South Carolina soldiers, sailors and marines who served in the World War and contains the names and records, briefly compiled, of the men and women from this state who responded to the call of the President when the United States entered the great conflict. This record gives in as compact form as practicable the following : name; serial number; residence; branch of service; date and place of entry into service; place of birth and age; organizations served in, with dates of assignments and transfers; grades with dates of appointment; engagements, if any; wound received in action, with degree and date; if killed in action or died while in service; person notified, relationship and address; oversea service; date of discharge; citations.

University of South Carolina publications. Series 3. Biology. V.1 No.3

This publication is volume 1, issue 3 of the University of South Carolina Publications. Series III. Biology. on taxonomic studies of the flora and fauna of South Carolina.

1-2-3 VOTE : How To Use South Carolina’s Voting System

This paper describes, with pictures, how to use voting machines and how to cast your vote.

Ban yue 半月 (The Half Moon Journal) Vol 1 No 3 (15 Oct, 1921)

A bimonthly literary magazine edited by Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑, featuring fiction, topical articles, and entertainment features, published from September 1921 through November 1925.

Receptor tyrosine kinases and their activation in melanoma

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their downstream signalling pathways have long been hypothesized to play key roles in melanoma development. A decade ago, evidence was derived largely from animal models, RTK expression studies and detection of activated RAS isoforms in a small fraction of melanomas. Predictions that overexpression of specific RTKs implied increased kinase activity and that some RTKs would show activating mutations in melanoma were largely untested. However, technological advances including rapid gene sequencing, siRNA methods and phospho-RTK arrays now give a more complete picture. Mutated forms of RTK genes including KIT, ERBB4, the EPH and FGFR families and others are known in melanoma. Additional over- or underexpressed RTKs and also protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have been reported, and activities measured. Complex interactions between RTKs and PTPs are implicated in the abnormal signalling driving aberrant growth and survival in malignant melanocytes, and indeed in normal melanocytic signalling including the response to ultraviolet radiation. Kinases are considered druggable targets, so characterization of global RTK activity in melanoma should assist the rational development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for clinical use. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Mechanisms of tumour invasion and metastasis : emerging targets for therapy

The progression of a tumour from one of benign and delimited growth to one that is invasive and metastatic is the major cause of poor clinical outcome in cancer patients. The invasion and metastasis of tumours is a highly complex and multistep process that requires a tumour cell to modulate its ability to adhere, degrade the surrounding extracellular matrix, migrate, proliferate at a secondary site and stimulate angiogenesis. Knowledge of the process has greatly increased and this has resulted in the identification of a number of molecules that are fundamental to the process. The involvement of these molecules has been shown to relate not only to the survival and proliferation of the tumour cell but, also to the processes of tumour cell adhesion, migration, and the tumour cells ability to degrade and escape the primary site as well as play a role in angiogenesis. These molecules may provide important therapeutic targets that represent the ability to target specific steps in the process of invasion and metastasis and provide additional therapies. The review focuses on representative key targets in each of these processes and summarises the state of play in each case.

Targeting drug-resistant prostate cancer with dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition

The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR pathway is one of the most frequently activated signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells, and loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN and amplification of PIK3CA are the two most commonly detected mechanisms for the activation of these pathways. Aberrant activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR has been implicated not only in the survival and metastasis of prostate cancer cells but also in the development of drug resistance. As such, selective inactivation of this pathway may provide opportunities to attack prostate cancer from all fronts. However, while preclinical studies examining specific inhibitors of PI3K or mTOR have yielded promising results, the evidence from clinical trials is less convincing. Emerging evidence from the analyses of some solid tumors suggests that a class of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, which bind to and inactivate both PI3K and mTOR, may achieve better anti-cancer outcomes. In this review, we will summarize the mechanisms of action of these inhibitors, their effectiveness when used alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic compounds, and their potential to serve as the next generation therapies for prostate cancer patients, particularly those who are resistant to the frontline chemotherapeutic drugs.

Effects of neuronal PIK3C3/Vps34 deletion on autophagy and beyond.

PIK3C3/Vps34 plays important roles in the endocytic and autophagic pathways, both of which are essential for maintaining neuronal integrity. However, it is unclear how inactivating PIK3C3 may affect neuronal endosomal versus autophagic processes in vivo. We generated a conditional null allele of the Pik3c3 gene in mouse, and specifically deleted it in postmitotic sensory neurons. Subsequent analyses reveal several interesting and surprising findings.

G protein beta gamma subunits stimulate phosphorylation of Shc adapter protein.

The mechanism of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation by pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi-coupled receptors is known to involve the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (G beta gamma), p21ras activation, and an as-yet-unidentified tyrosine kinase. To investigate the mechanism of G beta gamma-stimulated p21ras activation, G beta gamma-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation was examined by overexpressing G beta gamma or alpha 2-C10 adrenergic receptors (ARs) that couple to Gi in COS-7 cells. Immunoprecipitation of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins revealed a 2- to 3-fold increase in the phosphorylation of two proteins of approximately 50 kDa (designated as p52) in G beta gamma-transfected cells or in alpha 2-C10 AR-transfected cells stimulated with the agonist UK-14304. The latter response was pertussis toxin sensitive. These proteins (p52) were also specifically immunoprecipitated with anti-Shc antibodies and comigrated with two Shc proteins, 46 and 52 kDa. The G beta gamma- or alpha 2-C10 AR-stimulated p52 (Shc) phosphorylation was inhibited by coexpression of the carboxyl terminus of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (a G beta gamma-binding pleckstrin homology domain peptide) or by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and herbimycin A, but not by a dominant negative mutant of p21ras. Worthmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibited phosphorylation of p52 (Shc), implying involvement of PI3K. These results suggest that G beta gamma-stimulated Shc phosphorylation represents an early step in the pathway leading to p21ras activation, similar to the mechanism utilized by growth factor tyrosine kinase receptors.