Archives parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 ; 8-17, 19, 21-33. Assemblée nationale constituante. 10. Du 12 novembre 1789 au 24 décembre 1789 / impr. par ordre du Sénat et de la Chambre des députés ; sous la dir. de M. J. Mavidal,... et de M. E. Laurent,...

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 3.1

Emissioni atmosferiche da discariche di rifiuti in Lombardia: stato attuale e scenari tecnologici di riduzione

Lo studio ha valutato le emissioni atmosferiche in Regione Lombardia dallo smaltimento di rifiuti solidi in discariche controllate nell'anno 2001, proiettandone i quantitativi attesi a medio e lungo termine sulla base degli scenari di evoluzione più attendibili per le caratteristiche qualitative dei fifiuti, le modalità di smaltimento e le tecnologie adottabili per il controllo delle emissioni stesse. La valutazione è stata condotta acquisendo i dati base degli impianti attualmente presenti sul territorio lombardo per quanto riguarda i rifiuti smaltiti e le modalità di captazione e di combustione del biogas. Sono stati quindi definiti alcuni scenari alternativi ragionevolmente ipotizzabili nel medio e lungo periodo per lo smaltimento dei rifiuti, sulla base dell'evoluzione imposta dalla normativa nazionale e dagli strumenti della pianificazione regionale. L'individuazione delle migliori tecnologie applicabili per la captazione ed il trattamento del gas prodotto e per il controllo delle corrispondenti emissioni atmosferiche ha permesso di stimare l'evoluzione temporale, in corrispondenza dei diversi scenari, della produzione di gas e delle emissioni dei principali inquinanti di interesse. I risultati mostrano la possibilità di ottenere una consistente riduzione delle emissioni di metano, tale da comportare a scala regionale una corrispondente diminuzione del 2% delle emissioni complessive di C02 equivalente. [Autore]

Bowling for fascism: Social capital and the rise of the Nazi Party in Weimar Germany, 1919-33

Social capital a dense network of associations facilitating cooperation within a community typically leads to positive political and economic outcomes, as demonstrated by a large literature following Putnam. A growing literature emphasizes the potentially "dark side" of social capital. This paper examines the role of social capital in the downfall of democracy in interwar Germany by analyzing Nazi party entry rates in a cross-section of towns and cities. Before the Nazi Party's triumphs at the ballot box, it built an extensive organizational structure, becoming a mass movement with nearly a million members by early 1933. We show that dense networks of civic associations such as bowling clubs, animal breeder associations, or choirs facilitated the rise of the Nazi Party. The effects are large: Towns with one standard deviation higher association density saw at least one-third faster growth in the strength of the Nazi Party. IV results based on 19th century measures of social capital reinforce our conclusions. In addition, all types of associations veteran associations and non-military clubs, "bridging" and "bonding" associations positively predict NS party entry. These results suggest that social capital in Weimar Germany aided the rise of the Nazi movement that ultimately destroyed Germany's first democracy.

My older sibling was drunk - younger siblings' drunkenness in relation to parental monitoring and the parent-adolescent relationship.

This study explored the links between having older siblings who get drunk, satisfaction with the parent-adolescent relationship, parental monitoring, and adolescents' risky drinking. Regression models were conducted based on a national representative sample of 3725 8th to 10th graders in Switzerland (mean age 15.0, SD = .93) who indicated having older siblings. Results showed that both parental factors and older siblings' drinking behaviour shape younger siblings' frequency of risky drinking. Parental monitoring showed a linear dose-response relationship, and siblings' influence had an additive effect. There was a non-linear interaction effect between parent-adolescent relationship and older sibling's drunkenness. The findings suggest that, apart from avoiding an increasingly unsatisfactory relationship with their children, parental monitoring appears to be important in preventing risky drinking by their younger children, even if the older sibling drinks in such a way. However, a satisfying relationship with parents does not seem to be sufficient to counterbalance older siblings' influence.

Footnotes, January-February 2008, Vol. 33, no. 1-2

Monthly newsletter of the State Library

Footnotes, March-April-May 2008, Vol. 33, no. 3,4,5

Monthly newsletter of the State Library

Footnotes, June-September 2008, Vol. 33, no. 6,7,8,9

Monthly newsletter of the State Library

Footnotes, October-December 2008, Vol. 33, no. 10, 11, 12

Monthly newsletter of the State Library

Helsinki 23/6 -33

Kirje 23.6.1933

Medical treatments and risk factors for resection surgery in Crohn's disease: results from the Swiss IBD Cohort Study

Background: Surgery has been previously reported to be necessary in up to 80% of Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and up to 65% of patients needed reoperation after 10 years. Prevention of surgery is therefore a particularly important issue for these patients. Treatment options are controversial and data on them are scarce. This study reports medical treatments and main clinical risk factors in CD patients having undergone one or several surgeries. Risks for being free from surgery were also assessed. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, using data from patients included in the Swiss IBD cohort study from November 2006 to July 2011. History of resective surgeries, clinical characteristics and drug regimens were collected through detailed medical records. Univariate and multivariate analyses for clinical and therapeutic factors were performed. Cox regression was made to estimate free-of-surgery risks for different phenotypes and drugs. Results: Out of 1138 CD patients in the cohort, 721 (63.4%) were free of surgery at inclusion; 203 (17.8%) had 1 surgery and 214 (18.8%) >1 surgery. Main risk factors for surgery were disease duration 5-10 years (OR=2.92; p<0.001) and >10 years (OR=10.45; p<0.001), as well as stricturing (OR=8.33; p<0.001) or fistulizing disease (OR=7.34; p<0.001). Risk factors for repeated surgery was disease duration >10 years (OR=2.55; p=0.006) or fistulizing disease (OR=3.79; p<0.001). At inclusion, 107 patients (25.7%) had at least one anti-TNF alpha, 168 (40.3%) at least one immunosuppressive agent, and 41 (9.8%) at least 5-ASA or antibiotics. 64 (15.3%) were not exposed to any medical treatment. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the risk of being free of surgery was 65% after 10 years, 42% after 20 years and 23% after 40 years. Surgical risks were four resp. five time higher for fistulizing and stricturing phenotypes (Hazard ratio (HR) =4.2; p<0.001; resp. HR=4.7; p<0.001) compared to inflammatory phenotype. Surgical risk was 4 times lower (HR=0.27; p=0.063) in CD patients under anti-TNF alpha compared to those under other or no drugs. Conclusion: The risk of having resective surgery was confirmed to be very high for CD in our cohort. Duration of disease, fistulizing and stricturing disease pattern enhance the risk of surgery. Anti-TNF alpha tends to lower this risk.

Consuetudini e privilegi della città di Messina, sulla fede di un codice del XV secolo posseduto dalla Biblioteca comunale di Palermo, pubblicati da R. Starrabba

[Coutume. Messine. 1901]