Herbicidas inibidores da ACCase em plantas de Cenchrus echinatus em estresse hídrico

This project aimed to relate the efficiency of control of ACCase inhibiting herbicides applied post-emergence in Cenchrus echinatus under different soil water contents. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, with the application of three different herbicides (fluazifop-p-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl and sethoxydim + oil Assist) and the experimental design for each herbicide was completely randomized design with four replications, consisting a 3 x 4 factorial, with the combination of water management strategies (-0.03, -0.07 and -1.5 MPa) and four doses of these products (100, 50, 25 and 0% of the recommended dose). Herbicide application was made at vegetative stage of 2-3 tillers. The water management strategies were initiated in the development stage of two leaves, replacing the water until the soil reaches the potential of -0.01 MPa, when it came to severe pre-determined for each water management. The physiological parameters evaluated were: photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, leaf temperature and plant dry matter. The visual assessments of phytotoxicity were performed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application. The efficiency of these herbicides was influenced by soil management and water lowest in plants grown in the minimal potential of water in the soil of -1.5 MPa. All the herbicides were unsatisfactory controls in applications late (2-3 tiller plants).

Viabilidade do recipiente biodegradável na produção de mudas florestais nativas

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

A gestão dos resíduos sólidos no município de Bauru - SP

The destination of urban solid waste has became a very relevant theme because of the fast growth of cities. Bauru, a strategically located municipality, needs solutions for that problem. This research aims to show solid waste management in Bauru through a survey of the selective or regular garbage collection programs, treatment and final disposal of the waste. To do so, a questionnaire with 85 questions was used about solid waste management in the municipality and visits were made to the solid waste collection and disposal sites. Bauru has a bad selective collection program and very significant clandestine disposal of Hazardous waste. Furthermore, it doesnot treat hospital waste and has a deficient final disposal landfill.

Planejamento e zoneamento ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do manancial Balneário da Amizade nos municípios de Álvares Machado e Presidente Prudente - São Paulo/Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais nas propriedades rurais do alto curso da bacia do Ribeirão Vai e Vem, munícipio de Santo Anastácio (SP)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Simulação numérica de fluxo de águas subterrâneas do aquífero Rio Claro, na região do campus da UNESP - Rio Claro, SP

The water management in any area is highly important to the success of many business and also of life and the understanding of your relationship with the environment brings better control to its demand. I.e. hydrogeological studies are needed under better understanding of the behavior of an aquifer, so that its management is done so as not to deplete or harm it. The objective of this work is the numerical modeling in transient regime of a portion of the Rio Claro aquifer formation in order to get answers about its hydrogeological parameters, its main flow direction and also its most sensitive parameters. A literature review and conceptual characterization of the aquifer, combined with field campaigns and monitoring of local water level (NA), enabled the subsequent construction of the mathematical model by finite elements method, using the FEFLOW 6.1 ® computational algorithm. The study site includes the campus of UNESP and residential and industrial areas of Rio Claro city. Its area of 9.73 km ² was divided into 318040 triangular elements spread over six layers, totaling a volume of 0.25 km³. The local topography and geological contacts were obtained from previous geological and geophysical studies as well as profiles of campus wells and SIAGAS / CPRM system. The seven monitoring wells on campus were set up as observation points for calibration and checking of the simulation results. Sampling and characterization of Rio Claro sandstones shows up a high hydrological and lithological heterogeneity for the aquifer formation. The simulation results indicate values of hydraulic conductivity between 10-6 and 10-4 m / s, getting the Recharge/Rainfall simulation in transient ratio at 13%. Even with the simplifications imposed on the model, it was able to represent the fluctuations of local NA over a year of monitoring. The result was the exit of 3774770 m³ of water and the consequently NA fall. The model is considered representative for the...

Viabilidade financeira da implantação do projeto de construção da estação de tratamento de esgotos - ETE - do Município de Lençóis Paulista - Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Coeficiente de cultivo e lâminas de irrigação do maracujazeiro amarelo nas condições semiáridas

The study aimed to determine the coefficient of the yellow passion fruit cultivation and irrigation set capable of increasing crop productivity and quality of production in the environmental conditions of the semi-arid region of Piauí. The experiment was conducted in the Pilot Project for Fruit Crops Irrigated area in Santa Rosa, PI. We used a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. Treatments (irrigation) were defined according to percentages of reference evapotranspiration (ETo): T1 25%, T2: 50%, T3: 75%, T4: 100%; T5: T6 and 125%: 150%. For monitoring water in the soil profile was used tensiometers. To determine the crop coefficient (Kc) used the water balance in the soil treatment based on 100% replacement of water. Morphological and physiological characteristics of yellow passion fruit were evaluated. The maximum yield of 27.052 kg ha-1 yr-1 was obtained by applying a water depth of 763.80 mm. The values of average fruit weight ranged from 0.207 kg (T6) and 0.159 kg (T1). The average kc obtained for the vegetative stage was 0.57 to 0.94 and flowering stage to fruiting phase 1.04. The water depth of greater efficiency comprise in the range of 75% and 100% ETo.

Incorporação de incertezas associadas à predição de modelos hidrológicos aos instrumentos de gestão em recursos hídricos

Water management has in the watershed plans an important tool to plan the territory and adjust the activities develop over it to the natural resources availability. The incorporation of uncertainty analysis associated with hydrological modelling predictions is a manner to simulate scenarios and work with chances and probabilities that certain events happens inside these plans. Using stochastic methods is possible to consider uncertainty from estimations and even model it. Stochastic methods developed considerably during the last 30 years, but its applications to real-world problems have been limited, and did not turn into routine in hydrology. This paper brings an overview from eminent hydrologists about this subject and discuss the Brazilian and Paulista situation in the scope of groundwater monitoring.

Modelagem de níveis freáticos no sistema Aquifero Bauru como ferramenta na gestão de recursos hídricos subterrâneos

Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fisiologia e bioquímica do tomateiro submetido à irrigação salina parcial do sistema radicular

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Áreas de preservação permanente (APP) na sub-bacia hidrográfica do córrego do Marimbondo, Jales (SP): um estudo das condições ambientais

This work aimed to carry out a study of the environmental conditions of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) in the sub-basin of Marimbondo Stream in the city of Jales (SP), through remote sensing techniques and taking as the basis Brazilian environmental legislation, the Forest Code Federal Law Nº 12,651/2012. Permanent Preservation Areas are inserted intrinsically improved conditions in the quantity and quality of water in the areas of springs and along water bodies in rural properties. Therefore, we also carried out studies on the new Forest Code compared to the old Federal Law Order no. 4771/1965 and the observation of its application in the area of sub-basin as well as carrying out the simulation. The results of this research allowed toverify the need for direct implementation of the monitoring measures with the Forest Code, and this water management tool in Brazil, which will ensure sustainable management practices of land use and land cover, with direct benefits to water production, mainly for public supply. Also there was a greater need for involvement by the public actors, the Basin Committee of the São José dos Dourados and the municipal government of Jales, in order to truly act aimed at the protection and maintenance of the water body Stream Wasp

Avaliação do desempenho ambiental e racionalização do consumo de água no segmento industrial de produção de bebidas

A região Amazônica, detentora de grande potencial hídrico, tem atraído indústrias que promovem uso intensivo de água, por isso, existe uma emergência por instrumentos que administrem essa tendência. Neste trabalho foi diagnosticado o nível de racionalização do uso da água pelo setor industrial de produção de bebidas no estado do Pará, assim como as causas do comportamento do setor. As variáveis dependentes (de comportamento) foram classificadas de acordo com quatro dimensões (gestão ambiental, manejo da água, manejo dos efluentes e medidas avançadas de racionalização) que compõe o nível de racionalização da gestão industrial hídrica. As variáveis independentes foram associadas ao: porte, ramo, tipo de embalagem utilizada, disponibilidade hídrica e valor econômico da água. Os dados levantados mostraram que a produção de bebidas tem uma grande pegada hídrica operacional total (acima de) 15.250 m³/dia, com as pequenas empresas apresentando o maior consumo relativo por unidade produzida (maior que 7 L de água/L de bebida). O setor como um todo apresenta baixo nível de racionalização do uso da água, a dimensão mais eficiente é a de gerenciamento da água; entretanto algumas medidas avançadas podem ser visualizadas, especialmente a recirculação da água em torres de resfriamento. A análise das variáveis de estudo demonstra que o nível de racionalização é dependente diretamente do ramo e do porte da empresa. Conclui-se que o consumo tende ao desperdício; em resposta a este quadro, devem ser priorizadas políticas públicas voltadas para internalização dos custos ambientais embutidos no processo.

Áreas de preservação permanente (APP) na sub-bacia hidrográfica do córrego do Marimbondo, Jales (SP): um estudo das condições ambientais

This work aimed to carry out a study of the environmental conditions of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) in the sub-basin of Marimbondo Stream in the city of Jales (SP), through remote sensing techniques and taking as the basis Brazilian environmental legislation, the Forest Code Federal Law Nº 12,651/2012. Permanent Preservation Areas are inserted intrinsically improved conditions in the quantity and quality of water in the areas of springs and along water bodies in rural properties. Therefore, we also carried out studies on the new Forest Code compared to the old Federal Law Order no. 4771/1965 and the observation of its application in the area of sub-basin as well as carrying out the simulation. The results of this research allowed toverify the need for direct implementation of the monitoring measures with the Forest Code, and this water management tool in Brazil, which will ensure sustainable management practices of land use and land cover, with direct benefits to water production, mainly for public supply. Also there was a greater need for involvement by the public actors, the Basin Committee of the São José dos Dourados and the municipal government of Jales, in order to truly act aimed at the protection and maintenance of the water body Stream Wasp

Analysis of the environmental impact on a stream: is only tannery to blame?

The contribution of wastewater from a tannery industry to the pollution of a stream was investigated. The main parameters studied were biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, chromium, dissolved oxygen, fecal and total conforms, nitrogen, oils and greases, pH, phosphorous, sulfides, suspended solids, turbidity, and volatile solids. Three sampling points were located: (I) at the discharge point of tannery wastewater, (2) 50 m upstream, and (3) 80 m downstream of discharge point. Also was investigated the pollution at the stream source.