Density-potential mapping in the standard and quantum electrodynamical time-dependent density functional theory

131 p.

A New theory for evaluating the number density of inclusions in films

A new formulation derived from thermal characters of inclusions and host films for estimating laser induced damage threshold has been deduced. This formulation is applicable for dielectric films when they are irradiated by laser beam with pulse width longer than tens picoseconds. This formulation can interpret the relationship between pulse-width and damage threshold energy density of laser pulse obtained experimentally. Using this formulation, we can analyze which kind of inclusion is the most harmful inclusion. Combining it with fractal distribution of inclusions, we have obtained an equation which describes relationship between number density of inclusions and damage probability. Using this equation, according to damage probability and corresponding laser energy density, we can evaluate the number density and distribution in size dimension of the most harmful inclusions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

River Tawd post stocking survey 1998

The River Tawd is a tributary of the River Douglas catchment. The Tawd is approximately 8km in length from its source, to the south of Skelmersdale, to its confluence with the River Douglas at Snipe Hall farm. The aim of this study was to determine whether the water quality of the River Tawd had improved sufficiently to allow a mixed coarse fish population to establish itself on the river after the stocking of juvenile Roach (Rutilus rutilus), Dace (Leucisus leucisus) and Chub (Leucisus cephalus) in 1997. This report will consider the survival of the stocked fish. If the stocking was successful, other potential stocking sites will be recommended for future stocking with a view to developing the River Tawd fishery.

Report on the 2001 stock assessment of the River Darwen catchment

The River Darwen is a highly impacted Lancashire river with very little known about its fishery interest above the impassable weir at Salmesbury Bottoms. Below the weir there are populations of coarse fish around the confluence with the River Ribble. To the knowledge of local bailiff staff, prior to 1996 the fish population in the middle and upper River Darwen had never been surveyed by electric fishing. In order to address this lack of knowledge, a survey was undertaken during the summer of 1996 with the aim of evaluating the salmonid and cyprinid fish population in the river. Twenty two sites were surveyed by electric fishing between June 11th and July 11th 1996. Information was gathered on the presence and density of fish populations in the river catchment, and analysed according to the National Fisheries Classification Scheme in order to determine how these populations compare nationally with sites of similar habitat features. From this report, recommendations were made to improve and develop the fishery potential in relation to water quality and habitat prioritising areas classed as being Ashless. It was recommended that juvenile coarse fish should be stocked in the Houghton Bottoms area. This area has excellent fishery habitat and was found to contain a minor coarse fish population. Water quality in this stretch of river was thought to be good enough to establish a major coarse fish population. Fish were introduced for the first time in 1998 at Houghton Bottoms from the Agency's Leyland Fish Farm. 3000 each of Roach, Chub and Dace were introduced. Further fish introductions occurred in 2000 with the stocking of 1000 Chub, again from the Agency's Leyland Fish Farm in the Lower Darwen and Witton areas of the main river on a trial basis.

Effects of oxygen partial pressure on packing density and laser damage threshold of TiO2 thin films

TiO2 films are deposited by electron beam evaporation as a function of oxygen partial pressure. The packing density, refractive index, and extinction coefficient all decrease with the increase of pressure, which also induces the change of the film's microstructure, such as the increase of voids and H2O concentration in the film. The laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the film increases monotonically with the rise of pressure in this experiment. The porous structure and low nonstoichiometric defects absorption contribute to the film's high LIDT. The films prepared at the lowest and the highest pressure show nonstoichiometric and surface-defects-induced damage features, respectively.(C) 2007 American Institute of Physics.