Providing Collaborative Support to Virtual and Remote Laboratories

Virtual and remote laboratories (VRLs) are e-learning resources that enhance the accessibility of experimental setups providing a distance teaching framework which meets the student's hands-on learning needs. In addition, online collaborative communication represents a practical and a constructivist method to transmit the knowledge and experience from the teacher to students, overcoming physical distance and isolation. This paper describes the extension of two open source tools: (1) the learning management system Moodle, and (2) the tool to create VRLs Easy Java Simulations (EJS). Our extension provides: (1) synchronous collaborative support to any VRL developed with EJS (i.e., any existing VRL written in EJS can be automatically converted into a collaborative lab with no cost), and (2) support to deploy synchronous collaborative VRLs into Moodle. Using our approach students and/or teachers can invite other users enrolled in a Moodle course to a real-time collaborative experimental session, sharing and/or supervising experiences at the same time they practice and explore experiments using VRLs.

Professionals’ Perceptions of Support Resources for Battered Immigrant Women Chronicle of an Anticipated Failure

The aim of this study was to explore the experience of service providers in Spain regarding their daily professional encounters with battered immigrant women and their perception of this group’s help-seeking process and the eventual abandonment of the same. Twenty-nine in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted with a total of 43 professionals involved in providing support to battered immigrant women. We interviewed social workers, psychologists, intercultural mediators, judges, lawyers, and public health professionals from Spain. Through qualitative content analysis, four categories emerged: (a) frustration with the victim’s decision to abandon the help-seeking process, (b) ambivalent positions regarding differences between immigrant and Spanish women, (c) difficulties in the migratory process that may hinder the help-seeking process, and (d) criticisms regarding the inefficiency of existing resources. The four categories were cross-cut by an overarching theme: helping immigrant women not to abandon the help-seeking process as a chronicle of anticipated failure. The main reasons that emerged for abandoning the help-seeking process involved structural factors such as economic dependence, loss of social support after leaving their country of origin, and limited knowledge about available resources. The professionals perceived their encounters with battered immigrant women to be frustrating and unproductive because they felt that they had few resources to back them up. They felt that despite the existence of public policies targeting intimate partner violence (IPV) and immigration in Spain, the resources dedicated to tackling gender-based violence were insufficient to meet battered immigrant women’s needs. Professionals should be trained both in the problem of IPV and in providing support to the immigrant population.

Life Experiences of People Affected by Crohn’s Disease and Their Support Networks Scoping Review

This scoping review identifies and describes relevant studies related to the evidence published on life experiences and perceived social support of people affected by Crohn’s disease. Twenty-three studies were definitely selected and analyzed for the topics explored. The overall findings show patients’ needs and perceptions. There is a lack of evidence about patients’ perceived needs as well as the understanding of social support that has contributed to improve their life experiences with that chronic illness. Lack of energy, loss of body control, body image damaged due to different treatments and surgeries, symptoms related to fear of disease, feeling burdened loss related to independence, and so on are some of the concerns with having to live with those affected by the Crohn. To underline those experiences through this scoping review provides valuable data for health care teams, especially for the nursing profession, considered by those affected as one of the main roles along the whole pathological process. This review provides the basis for developing broader research on the relatively underexplored topics and consequently improves specific programs that could address patients’ needs.

Fail But Try Again? The Effects of Age, Gender, and Multiple-Owner Experience on Failed Entrepreneurs’ Reentry

We investigate what leads failed entrepreneurs to reenter entrepreneurship by taking a developmental career perspective. Specifically, we hypothesize that the age of failed entrepreneurs has a nonlinear relationship with the likelihood of reentering entrepreneurship that follows different career stages (early, middle, and late). The gender of failed entrepreneurs and multiple-owner experience in the failed firm are hypothesized to be moderators of this relationship. We test our hypotheses using a database consisting of the Swedish population, including 4,761 entrepreneurs who failed between 2000 and 2004. Analyzing their career paths over the years following their failure offers support for our theoretical expectations.

Kvinnligt och manligt på sociala medier : En kvantitativ studie om medieanvändning och negativa känslor

In the present study the use and experience of using social media was examined in men and women in order to evaluate a possible relationship to gender. Particular emphasis was placed upon negative emotions. A questionnaire was constructed and submitted via Facebook by an online survey. There were 61 women and 50 men who completed the questionnaire. It was found that women and men used social media similarly with regard to frequency and the kind of social media they approached. Both genders used social media on a daily basis and both had profiles on the most popular social network sites as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Snapchat. The main purpose for using social media was to maintain already established friend relationships and to take part of other peoples content. A majority of the women but not the men used blogs, whereas a majority of the men but not the women used Twitter more frequently. The study also indicated a sex difference concerning the contents they took part of in the social media. More women took part of content that was related to a female stereotypic image whereas more men took part of content that was related to a male stereotypic image. There was no gender difference concerning contents such as fashion, entertainment, humour, news or politics. In the women there was a significant relationship between the use of social media and negative emotions. However, in the men, such a relationship was not found. The results indicate that more women tend to experience negative emotions when active on social media. More women experienced life as meaningless and boring, as well as stress after consuming contents in social media. They also did compare their life with others on social media leaving them with negative feelings. Such relationships could not be found in the men. In conclusion the present study indicated that for many aspects the use of social media is similar in women and men. However there seems to be a difference with regard to the experience of negative emotions in relation to the use of social media in women but not in men. 

Apotekskedjornas visuella kommunikation : En jämförande studie av butiksmiljöer och dess kommersiella attribut

Denna uppsats rör de fyra största svenska apotekskedjorna och dess visuella kommunikation samt användning av kommersiella attribut. Med visuell kommunikation menas här det budskap som sänds ut till kunden genom butiksutformningen och som kunden kan uppfatta med sina sinnen, exempelvis färgval, exponerade produkter och personalens bemötande. Dessa attribut kan sedan användas på kommersiella vis i den mån att man till exempel vill locka till sig en speciell målgrupp eller sälja extra mycket av en specifik vara, exempelvis genom specialexponering eller genomtänkt placering av produkter. De frågor som besvaras i denna uppsats berör vilka visuella attribut apoteken använder sig av, hur dessa visuella attribut skiljer sig åt från kedja till kedja samt hur kommersiella attribut används. Genom standardiserade observationer baserade på empirisk forskning, rörande visuella och kommersiella attribut som har en bevisad effekt på kunden, utfördes observationerna på Apoteket AB, Apoteksgruppen, Apoteket Hjärtat samt Apoteket Kronan. Syftet med observationerna var att får en upplevelse likt den kunden kan tänkas få när denna kliver in i butiken. Observationerna gav ett resultat som påvisade att apotekskedjorna skilde sig åt i användandet av kommersiella och visuella attribut. Detta gav upphov till ett analyskapitel där teorier rörande hur de olika attributen bör kategoriseras och vidare hur dessa kategorier bör vara i symbios och således kommunicera ett enhetligt budskap till kunden. Det kunde sedan konstateras att Apoteket Kronan, Apoteket AB samt Apoteksgruppen inte kommunicerade ett enhetligt budskap till kunden via sin visuella kommunikation. Personalen i dessa apotekskedjor kommunicerade inte, vid observationens tillfälle, samma budskap till kunden som de materiella attributen gjorde. Apoteket Hjärtat ansågs dock inte ha detta problem, däremot diskuteras huruvida deras visuella kommunikation och därmed den tänkta målgruppen är för bred. Apoteket Hjärtat erbjuder många varierande tjänster i kombination med, för ett apotek icke-typisk, visuell kommunikation och detta kan antas skapa förvirring.  

Narrativ studie av sociala berättelser : Återberättning av perspektiv och mentala kausala samband för elev elever med autismspektrumtillstånd och lindrig utvecklingsstörning

Sammanfattning/Abstract Syftet med vår studie var att undersöka hur sociala berättelser kan öka färdigheter och förmågor av perspektivering och mentala kausala samband i återberättande av olika berättelser för elever med autismspektrumtillstånd (AST) och lindrig utvecklingsstörning. Metoden vi använde oss av var dels utifrån aktionsforskning att utgå från vår egen praktik och en single-case research-reversal design med två baslinjer och två interventionsfaser på fyra elever i åk 2 & 3 med AST och lindrig utvecklingsstörning på grundskolan och grundsärskolan.   Resultaten visade att interventionen med sociala berättelser utifrån bildstödsprogrammet Trippelverkstaden hade störst effekt på två elever i perspektivering. Interventionen med sociala berättelser utifrån symbol- och bildstödsprogrammet Inprint hade störst effekt av perspektivering på två av eleverna. Resultaten för mentala kausala samband gav störst effekt på två av eleverna i återberättande av sociala berättelser i interventionerna.   Slutsatserna vi kom fram till var att de rekommendationer och metoder ifrån sociala berättelser med basmeningar, enkelt språk, korta berättelser, bildstöd, användandet av fåtal karaktärer i berättelserna och relaterat till situationer/händelser eleven känner igen har gett effekt på elevernas återberättningar av perspektiv och mentala kausala samband. Interventionerna med sociala berättelser ger stöd för att användas som hjälpmedel för elever med AST och lindrig utvecklingsstörning i Theory of Mind (ToM), centrala koherens (CK) och exekutiva funktioner/arbetsminne (EF & AM) i att återberättningarna blir mer sammanhållna och ökad återberättning av perspektiv och mentala kausala samband. Vi hävdar utifrån undersökningens resultat och utfall att sociala berättelser kan utgöra ett återkommande inslag i undervisningen för att träna kognitiva-, språkliga- och kommunikativa färdigheter och förmågor av att göra olika perspektiveringar och mentala kausala samband i återberättningar av berättelser.    Nyckelord: sociala berättelser, narration, AST, lindrig utvecklingsstörning, single-case research design, aktionsforskning, perspektivering, mentala kausala samband, theory of mind, central koherens, exekutiva funktioner, arbetsminne.

Long-Term Impacts of a Museum School Experience on Science Identity

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Social Support Networks and Self-Efficacy of Peruvian Women Diagnosed with Cancer: A Biocultural Analysis of Health Behavior Constructs

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Universal Screening for Familial Colorectal Cancer Syndromes at Seattle Cancer Care Alliance: Qualitative Study of Providers involved in Implementation and Patients Experience with First Wave of Testing

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

A review of the first year's experience with an automatic message-routing system for low-cost telemedicine

The Swinfen Charitable Trust has used email for some years as a low-cost telemedicine medium to provide consultant support for doctors in developing countries. A scalable, automatic message-routing system was constructed which automates many of the tasks involved in message handling. During the first 12 months of its use, 1510 messages were processed automatically. There were 128 referrals from 18 hospitals in nine countries. Of these 128 queries, 89 (70%) were replied to within 72 h; the median delay was 1.1 day. The 39 unanswered queries were sent to backup specialists for reply and 36 of them (92%) were replied to within 72 h. In the remaining three cases, a second-line (backup) specialist was required. The referrals were handled by 54 volunteer specialists from a panel of over 70. Two system operators, located 10 time zones apart, managed the system. The median time from receipt of a new referral to its allocation to a specialist was 0.2 days (interquartile range, IQR, 0.1-0.8). The median interval between receipt of a new referral and first reply was 2.6 days (IQR 0.8-5.9). Automatic message handling solves many of the problems of manual email telemedicine systems and represents a potentially scalable way of doing low-cost telemedicine in the developing world.

A framework and tool support for the systematic testing of model-based specifications

Formal specifications can precisely and unambiguously define the required behavior of a software system or component. However, formal specifications are complex artifacts that need to be verified to ensure that they are consistent, complete, and validated against the requirements. Specification testing or animation tools exist to assist with this by allowing the specifier to interpret or execute the specification. However, currently little is known about how to do this effectively. This article presents a framework and tool support for the systematic testing of formal, model-based specifications. Several important generic properties that should be satisfied by model-based specifications are first identified. Following the idea of mutation analysis, we then use variants or mutants of the specification to check that these properties are satisfied. The framework also allows the specifier to test application-specific properties. All properties are tested for a range of states that are defined by the tester in the form of a testgraph, which is a directed graph that partially models the states and transitions of the specification being tested. Tool support is provided for the generation of the mutants, for automatically traversing the testgraph and executing the test cases, and for reporting any errors. The framework is demonstrated on a small specification and its application to three larger specifications is discussed. Experience indicates that the framework can be used effectively to test small to medium-sized specifications and that it can reveal a significant number of problems in these specifications.

Paediatric telecardiology services in Queensland: a review of three years' experience

Videoconferencing at 384 kbit/s for the transmission of echocardiograms has proved useful for the assessment of children with suspected cardiac disease, in regional areas of Queensland. A retrospective review of patient and management outcomes was conducted on cardiac teleconsultations performed at two regional hospitals during the period November 2000 to February 2004, inclusive. There were 106 echo studies. A subset of 72 cardiac teleconsultations performed between May 2001 and February 2004 was reviewed in detail. The median age of patients at the time of consultation was 3 months (range 1 day-17 years). Sixteen per cent of teleconsultations were classified as urgent and were conducted on the same day as referral. Following the videoconference, 90% of patients could be managed locally and reviewed by the paediatrician or visiting paediatric cardiologist during an outreach clinic. Six children (8%) had significant cardiac lesions that were initially managed locally, with subsequent elective transfer at the appropriate time for treatment. Only one child (1%) required urgent transfer to the tertiary centre for specialist care and surgery. Telecardiology was effective in accurately identifying congenital heart disease. Paediatric telecardiology is an evolving modality of assessment and communication, and is likely to result in continued improvements in patient care, patient outcomes and parental satisfaction, in provincial centres removed from the tertiary cardiac centre.

A review of three years experience using email and videoconferencing for the delivery of post-acute burns care to children in Queensland

A virtual outpatient service has been established in Queensland for the delivery of post-acute burns care to children living in rural and remote areas of the state. The integration of telepaediatrics as a routine service has reduced the need for patient travel to the specialist burns unit situated in Brisbane. We have conducted 293 patient consultations over a period of 3 years. A retrospective review of our experience has shown that post-acute burns care can be delivered using videoconferencing, email and the telephone. Telepaediatric bums services have been valuable in two key areas. The first area involves a programme of routine specialist clinics via videoconference. The second area relates to ad-hoc patient consultations for collaborative management during acute presentations and at times of urgent clinical need. The families of patients have expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the service. Telepaediatric services have helped improve access to specialist services for people living in rural and remote communities throughout Queensland. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

The experience of insomnia among older women

Study Objectives: To measure sleeping difficulty and sleep quality among older women, explore experience and attitudes towards sleep, and test for negative association between difficulty sleeping and health-related quality of life. Design: Four-year longitudinal study. Setting: Women were participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Participants: Women were sampled according to use of sleeping medication and classified into 4 groups: sleeping badly and using sleeping medications; not sleeping badly, but using sleeping medications; sleeping badly, not using sleeping medications; not sleeping badly, not using sleeping medications. Interventions: None. Measurements and Results: Sleeping difficulty and sleeping-medication use were measured at Survey 1, Survey 2 (3 years later), and Survey 3 (4 years later). Survey 3 included: Nottingham Health Profile Sleep Subscale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Duke Social Support Index, Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36-item Health Survey, and a 21-item life events scale. Survey 3 was returned by 1011 women (84%). Sleeping problems were negatively associated with SF-36 subscale scores. Most associations remained significant after comorbid conditions, Geriatric Depression Scale, life events scores, and medication use were added to models. Most women with sleeping problems (72%) sought help from a doctor, and 54% used prescribed sleeping medications in the past month. Conclusions: Sleeping difficulty is a serious symptom for older women and is associated with poorer quality of life. Some of this effect can be explained by comorbidities, depression scores, life events, and use of sleeping medications.