Concentrações de sacarose no desenvolvimento in vitro e na aclimatização de Cattleya loddigesii Lindley

This work aimed to study the influence of sucrose in the culture medium for in vitro growth and acclimatization of the epiphytic orchid Cattleya loddigesii. Five sucrose treatments (absence, 10, 20, 30 and 40g L-1) were used in a randomic experimental design. Mature seeds were sowed in 1/2 MS culture medium and after 90 days the plantlets (1.0 +/-0.2 cm) were inoculated between the treatments, whereby they were remained more 90 days. After 180 days of the beginning of the experiment the plantlets were removed from the flasks and evaluated the number of roots, shoot length, number of leafs, total dry weight and photosynthetic pigments. Survival percentage was evaluated after 75 days of acclimatization. The data of biometric variables were analyzed by Anovaand polynomial regression (p<0.05). Theothers data were submitted to the Anova and the means compared by the Tukey test (p<0.05). The sucrose concentration of 20g L-1 favored the in vitro growth in all evaluated parameters, showed higher production of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, in addition to increased survival under ex vitro condition. The sucrose concentration of 20g L-1 in the culture medium was the most efficient among the tested concentrations both for in vitro growth and ex vitro establishment of Cattleya loddigesii.

Effects of soil and foliar application of soluble silicon on mineral nutrition, gas exchange, and growth of potato plants

Silicon can alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses in several crops, and it has beneficial effects on plants under nonstressed conditions. However, there is still doubt about foliar-applied Si efficiency and Si effects on mineral nutrition, physiological processes, and growth of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants under wellwatered conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil and foliar application of soluble Si on Si accumulation, nutrients, and pigments concentration as well as gas exchange and growth of potato plants. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in pots containing 35 dm3 of a Typic Acrortox soil. The treatments consisted of a control (no Si application), soil application of soluble Si (50 mg dm-3 Si), and foliar application of soluble Si (three sprays of 1.425 mM Si water solution, prepared with a soluble concentrate stabilized silicic acid), with eight replications. Both soil and foliar application of Si resulted in higher Si accumulation in the whole plant. Foliar application of Si resulted in the greatest Si concentration in leaves, and soil application increased Si concentration in leaves, stems, and roots. Silicon application, regardless of the application method, increased leaf area, specific leaf area, and pigment concentration (chlorophyll a and carotenoids) as well as photosynthesis and transpiration rates of wellwatered potato plants. However, only soil application increased P concentration in leaves and dry weight of leaves and stems. © Crop Science Society of America.

Pigmentos fotossintéticos em clones de seringueira sob ataque de oídio

The rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. Of Juss.) Muell. Arg.] can be affected by the occurrence of the fungus Oidium heveae, which causes one of the most important diseases of rubber trees, powdery mildew. This work meet changes in photosynthetic pigments, an indicator of oxidative stress, in seedlings of three Hevea brasiliensis clones, RRIM 600, GT1 and PR255, under infection in Oidium heveae. The experiment was conducted in an open environment under natural photoperiod conditions and at the beginning of the trial, the rubber plants that would be inoculated were sprayed with an aqueous suspension containing Oidium heveae at a concentration of 16 x 104conidia mL-1. On the day of inoculation and after 48, 96, 144 and 192 h leaf samples were collected for the determination of photosynthetic pigments. Degradation in photosynthetic pigments in the period of infection was observed in rubber tree clones studied; thus, there is oxidative stress in clones of rubber trees. No promising genetic material for genetic improvement work stress tolerance by Oidium heveae was identified.

Bioactive compounds present in the Mediterranean sofrito

Sofrito is a key component of the Mediterranean diet, a diet that is strongly associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events. In this study, different Mediterranean sofritos were analysed for their content of polyphenols and carotenoids after a suitable work-up extraction procedure using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation-linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap- MS) and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS-MS). In this way, 40 polyphenols (simple phenolic and hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids, and flavone, flavonol and dihydrochalcone derivatives) were identified with very good mass accuracy (<2 mDa), and confirmed by accurate mass measurements in MS and MS2 modes. The high-resolution MS analyses revealed the presence of polyphenols never previously reported in Mediterranean sofrito. The quantification levels of phenolic and carotenoid compounds led to the distinction of features among different Mediterranean sofritos according to the type of vegetables (garlic and onions) or olive oil added for their production. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evidence for euphotic zone anoxia during the deposition of Aptian source rocks based on aryl isoprenoids in petroleum, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, northeastern Brazil

Four crude oil samples from the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, northeastern Brazil, were analyzed using full scan gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-qMS) for biomarkers, in order to correlate them using aromatic carotenoids thereby enhancing knowledge about the depositional environment of their source rocks. The geochemical parameters derived from saturated fractions of the oils show evidence of little or no biodegradation and similar thermal maturation (Ts/(Ts+Tm) for terpanes, C29 αββ/(αββ+ααα), C27, and C29 20S/(20S+20R) for steranes). Low pristane/phytane ratios and the abundance of gammacerane and β-carotane are indicative of an anoxic and saline depositional environment for the source rocks. Moreover, we identified a large range of diagenetic and catagenetic products of the aromatic carotenoid isorenieratene, including C40, C33, and C32 diaryl isoprenoids and aryl isoprenoid derivatives with short side chains and/or additional rings. These results indicate anoxia in the photic zone during the deposition of the source rocks. © 2013 The Authors.

Tolerância de Digitaria ciliaris, Digitaria horizontalis e Digitaria nuda à herbicidas usados em cana-de-açúcar

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo da atividade antioxidante em frutas nativas e exóticas brasileiras

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização bioquímica e centesimal das espécies Astrocaryum vulgare Mart. (tucumã) e Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec. (uxi) nativas da região Amazônica

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Efeito do processamento industrial para obtenção de goiabada sobre os compostos antioxidantes e cor

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Caracterização dos óleos extraídos de sementes de laranjas (Citrus sinensis) como aproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da composição química de óleos extraídos de sementes de abóboras (Cucurbita sp)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização dos frutos e dos óleos extraídos da polpa e amêndoa de guariroba (Syagrus oleracea), Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) e macaúba (Acromia aculeata)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da retenção de carotenóides de abóbora, mandioca e batata doce

Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE

Relação entre estresse de radiação ultravioleta-b e óxido nítrico em plantas de eucalipto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência da variedade e região de cultivo sobre compostos bioativos, atividade antioxidante e cor de laranjas de polpa vermelha

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)