Avaliação econômica da substituição do farelo de soja por farelo de algodão em dietas práticas para tilápias do Nilo cultivadas em tanques-rede

Based on fish production performance, this study assessed the feasibility of replacing SBM with CSM in practical diets for cage-raised Nile tilapia during the finishing phase. To accomplish this research, four isoproteic (32% CP) and isoenergetic (2500 Kcal/kg of DE) diets were formulated. Control diet (T1) contained 30 % of SBM and 0% of CSM. The other three diets contained: 20% of SBM and 10% of CSM (T2), 10% of SBM and 20% of CSM (T3) and 0% of SBM and 30% of CSM (T4). Lysine and Methionine deficiency was compensated for with synthetic amino acid (L-lysine and DL- methionine) supplementation. Experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and four repetitions. Data were analyzed with SAS PROC GLM through co-variance analysis, adding initial mean weight as a co-variable, followed by Dunnett test. The system used to calculate the profit part was Partial Budget Analysis in Aquaculture, proposed by Shang (1990). Profit was significantly different at T3 when compared to T1 (control). It was concluded that the addition of 20% of CSM to finishing diets can improve cage-raised Nile tilapia profitability.

Association among residual feed intake, residual body weight gain, residual intake and body weight gain and temperament of Nellore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Valor nutritivo do capim Piatã adubado com diferentes doses de biofertilizante

The aim of this study was to verify the influence of different doses of biofertilizers made from waste produced by cattle and pigs at growing-finishing on nutritive value of Piatã grass. The experiment was carried out at green house using a split plot design with a completely randomized factorial. Plots were divided into eight treatments: four doses of two biofertilizers, and four different periods of subplots cut. Biofertilizers were applied at a single dose, after the cut to standardize the plots, using doses of Nitrogen of 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 . The results showed no significant difference among types of biofertilizer and also, the biofertilizer x dose interaction was not significant, making possible to recommend both of biofertilizers, with no risk of plant injure. Contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin showed negative linear behavior as a function of increasing doses of nitrogen. Contents of crude protein and “in vitro” dry matter digestibility coefficients replied linearly and positively to nitrogen doses. It also observed the effect of cut periods, since plants that were cut in summer showed nutritive value superior to those plants that were cut in autumn.

Meat characteristics of nellore cattle fed different levels of lipid-based diets

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the dietary inclusion of lipid-based diets (whole cottonseed and protected fat) on the centesimal composition, fatty acid profile, and sensory properties of meat from finishing Nellore cattle. The study was carried out from August to October 2009. Thirty nine uncastrated Nellore males with average initial body weight of 494.1 ± 10.1 kg and 36 months of age were housed for 63 days in pens with thirteen animals each. A completely randomized design with three treatments and thirteen replications was used. The treatments evaluated were: feed with 2.50% cottonseed (control diet); feed with 11.50% cottonseed; and feed with 3.13% cottonseed added of protected lipid (PL), all on a dry matter basis. No differences between treatments were observed for moisture, protein, and ash contents. However, the addition of protected fat caused an increase in the percentage of ether extract in the meat. Diets containing cottonseed or protected lipid did not affect fatty acid concentration in the meat. The intensity of the aroma, strange aroma, flavor, strange flavor, juiciness, color, and overall appearance were similar between treatments, except for tenderness, which was positively affected in cattle fed a diet in which the only lipid source was cottonseed. The study demonstrated that the addition of PL in the diets of finishing cattle led to greater levels of intramuscular fat, but to less tender meat than the other treatments.

Desenvolvimento da grama Tifton 419 submetida a distintos manejos de adubação e irrigação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desempenho de bovinos Nelore e ½ Angus/Nelore adaptados em confinamento por 9 ou 14 dias

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Gesso agrícola melhora a qualidade fertilizante da cama de frango?

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade da carne de bovinos recriados em pastagens associada a suplementação e terminação a pasto ou no confinamento

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Equilíbrio eletrolítico e condicionamento térmico precoce na criação de frangos de corte submetidos ao estresse térmico /Mayara Maia Rodrigues. -: Mayara Maia Rodrigues. -

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Elaboração de um roteiro interpretativo para trilha de ciclista da Florestal Estadual Edmundo Navarro de Andrade, Rio Claro/SP

The State Forest Edmundo Navarro de Andrade (FEENA), Rio Claro/SP has a huge potential for cyclists tracks; the Unit already have a trail at the principal entrance, passing by firebreaks bordering the towers quadrants and finishing at the municipal road. This work aims the ambiental interpretation of this trail already established and implant activities planned before at the public use program of the State Forest according to the management plan of the Unit; to interpret the tracks for mountain bike cyclists; promote the conservation of natural, historic and cultural resources of the Forest. At the present work has been accomplished the Ambiental Interpretation through the panels, containing the characteristic native flora and fauna, the existing water resources at the Unit and also the representatives individuals of the exotic arboreal species, found around the trail. Ten points were chosen for interpretation, therefore, for preparation of the script it was considered besides the bibliographic literature, experiences of project team members at FEENA, Unit Management Plan knowledge relating the gaps in the public use program and field work. The panels contain figures and texts about the chosen topics, to promote a language easily understandable to the visitor and concomitantly, inform to the population who attends the Unit, increasing this way the user satisfaction

Dispositivo de microdescargas em gases na pressão atmosférica

This work describes the development of an electro-mechanical micro-discharges device operating at ambient condition of pressure and temperature, capable to produce plasma jets for surface finishing. The discharges are produced through a needle shape electrode hollow cathode type by which flows the helium gas. The voltage applied on the electrode is provided for an AC/AC switching voltage converter of full-bridge topology. The converter is energized by a power line of 110/220 VAC, 60 Hz and gives a 1000 V peak-to-peak from 5 kHz to 40 kHz square waveform output. The output frequency is defined by a control signal provided by an external signal generator. The equipment setup includes output acquisition of voltage and current and a photo-detector for photo-electrical measurements, which allows an optical characterization of the plasma jet

Usinagem do alumínio da classe 6005 com uso de ferramenta cerâmica

The machining process is so much important in the economic world. Many machining parameters have been studied to maximize results, in terms of cost and lifetime. (decrease of cutting tool wear, improved surface finish, among others). The objective of this study is to evaluate the wear of a ceramic tool in the machining of the aluminum alloy 6005 A. The analysis of the wear of the cutting tools is very important due to its big impact on the final finishing of the piece as a whole. The evaluation took place in two stages, first it was done a detailed study of the literature of the whole machining process, where the study of the formation and swarf classification were among the most important steps in this phase. The second step consisted in the machining of the piece of aluminum 6005 A with a ceramic cutting tool constituded of aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide with silicon carbide impregnation. The swarf generated in this process was then photographed with a Zeiss optical microscope and analyzed for its size and shape. Through this comparison it was concluded that the swarf are generated shear swarfs, shaped like a tangled, fragmented and arcs connected, thus classifying the material as medium difficulty machining. Through the image analysis tool it was concluded that the parameter of lower wear was the: Vc = 500m / min, f = 0.10mm / rev and ap = 0.5mm

Torneamento da liga de alumínio da classe 6005 utilizando ferramenta cerâmica

Machining processes are one of the most important manufacturing processes in the modern world. In these processes, there are many elements which will influence in the final result of the machined part. Among them, the tools are the principal factor of the rising cost, because its global influence on the process. In aeronautical industries, this can be more evidenced due the need to machining several alloys, between them, aluminum alloys. These alloys have to demonstrate a specific surface finishing to be used in aircraft's fuselage. This kind of industry is one of the segments which is still rising in Brazil, and they are looking viable alternatives in the manufacturing processes of materials, due the need to produce more and more parts and equipment, with costs increasingly reduced. The purpose of this project is the development of a ceramic with differentiated properties. The ceramics were developed using a pre-sintering at 1200 °C, with posterior sintering at 1600°C, and subjected to dry turning process on aluminum alloy 6005. The characterizations showed that ceramics presented with toughness on the center of 1700 MPa and on the surface of 1950 MPa, density 98,5 ±0,14. g/cm³. Ceramics were grinded and faceted, according to ISO standard 1832, and subjected to turning tests in a ROMI lathe brand, model GL240M, using cutting speeds of 500, 800 and 1000 m/min with different feed rates. The machining results showed low occurrence of flank wear to all cutting speeds, and better surface finishing average values of Ra = 0,4935 μm and Rt = 8,112 μm. In general, it could be seen that the tool presents important potential to machining 6005 alloy, and that the use of correct parameters can decrease and/or eliminate subsequent processes, providing important reductions in costs related to the machining processes

Environmental and Farm Management Factors Associated with Tuberculosis on Cattle Farms in Northeastern Michigan

Objective—To identify major environmental and farm management factors associated with the occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) on cattle farms in northeastern Michigan. Design—Case-control study. Sample Population—17 cattle farms with infected cattle and 51 control farms. Procedure—Each case farm (laboratory confirmed diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection) was matched with 2 to 4 control farms (negative whole-herd test results within previous 12 months) on the basis of type of farm (dairy or beef) and location. Cattle farm data were collected from in-person interviews and mailed questionnaires. Wildlife TB data were gathered through state wildlife surveillance. Environmental data were gathered from a satellite image-based geographic information system. Multivariable conditional logistic regression for matched analysis was performed. Results—Major factors associated with increased farm risk of TB were higher TB prevalence among wild deer and cattle farms in the area, herd size, and ponds or creeks in cattle housing areas. Factors associated with reduced farm risk of TB were greater amounts of natural open lands in the surrounding area and reducing deer access to cattle housing areas by housing cattle in barns, barnyards, or feedlots and use of electrified wire or barbed wire for livestock fencing. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that certain environmental and management factors may be associated with risk of TB on cattle farms.

RB32-270 A Seven Year Study of a Milk Supply

The amount of butter produced by the grain-belt states is evidence that a great many cows are milked by the midwestern farmer. Most of this milk is separated on the farm, the cream is sold, and the skimmilk is fed to hogs and other livestock. As the market for fluid milk has developed, many farmers near the cities have turned to the sale of milk, because it affords a better return for the butterfat sold. Much of the milk produced for sale as fluid milk is produced under practically the same conditions as milk which is produced primarily for the same of cream. The Department of Dairy Husbandry of the University of Nebraska, in conducting its instructional and investigational work, comes in contact with the milk producer. An effort has been made, therefore, to study the relation of milk quality to farm conditions as found among the milk producers or patrons who have delivered milk to the department. The study was carried on in an effort to find possible ways of bettering the conditions without upsetting the economic balance existing between the production of cream and fluid milk.