Raymond C. Read (2007) Arthur Keith, the anatomist who evisioned herniosis

We would like to add a comment on another important contribution of Arthur Keithto the Weld of herniology, that is, the original and accuratedescription of the inguinal ���shutter��� mechanism, a remarkableanatomic action against development of an inguinal hernia. [...] Today, virtual reality surgicalsimulation models allowing three-dimensional (3D) visualizationof the human inguinal anatomy can be used as a complementary tool to assess dynamics of the inguinal area. In fact, using simulations with the Wnite elementmethod we have recently confirmed the physiological ���shutter��� mechanism already described almost 100 years ago. These virtual reality Wndings are our presenttribute to the outstanding anatomic descriptions of ArthurKeith.

Cognitive disorganisation in schizotypy is associated with deterioration in visual backward masking.

To understand the causes of schizophrenia, a search for stable markers (endophenotypes) is ongoing. In previous years, we have shown that the shine-through visual backward masking paradigm meets the most important characteristics of an endophenotype. Here, we tested masking performance differences between healthy students with low and high schizotypy scores as determined by the self-report O-Life questionnaire assessing schizotypy along three dimensions, i.e. positive schizotypy (unusual experiences), cognitive disorganisation, and negative schizotypy (introvertive anhedonia). Forty participants performed the shine-through backward masking task and a classical cognitive test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST). We found that visual backward masking was impaired for students scoring high as compared to low on the cognitive disorganisation dimension, whereas the positive and negative schizotypy dimensions showed no link to masking performance. We also found group differences for students scoring high and low on the cognitive disorganisation factor for the WCST. These findings indicate that the shine-through paradigm is sensitive to differences in schizotypy which are closely linked with the pathological expression in schizophrenia.

C.E.I.P. Salvador Espriu, Vidreres. Girona

L���enc��rrec de reformar i ampliar una escola amb m��s del doble de la seva superf��cie actual, requeria d���una nova interpretaci�� global del projecte i el seu entorn.En un sentit inicial d���edificis aut��noms col���locats sense criteri aparent, proposem consolidar un sol edifici que, per la seva forma de T, facilita l���absorci�� del m��dul escolar ���Fuensalida��� existent i permet mantenir el gimn��s actual en la seva posici�� preferent respecte la pista esportiva.L���acc��s actual ��s mant�� per a usos administratius per��, en la r��tula d���uni�� entre l���edifici original i l���ampliaci��, apareix un espai central emporxat que comunica els dos patis i permet l���acc��s tant a l���escola infantil com a la de prim��ria com als serveis comuns. L���escola infantil s���estructura en una pinta amb els patis oberts al parc ve��.

Remodelaci�� del Nou Camp del F.C. Barcelona

Proposta presentada per al Concurs de Remodelaci�� del Nou Camp del Futbol Club Barcelona.

The Visual Dysphagia Questionnaire: Evaluating the first Tool for Assessing Food Consistency-Dependent Dysphagia in Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Background and Aims: The international EEsAI study group iscurrently developing the first a ctivity index specific forEosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE). None of the existing dysphagiaquestionnaires take into account the consistency of theingested food t hat considerably impacts the symptompresentation. Goal: To d evelop and evaluate an E oE-specificquestionnaire assessing dysphagia caused by foods of differentconsistencies.Methods: B ased on patient interviews and chart reviews, a nexpert panel ( EEsAI study g roup) identified internationallystandardizedfood prototypes t ypically a ssociated with EoErelateddysphagia. Food consistencies were c orrelated withEoE-related d ysphagia, t aking into account p otential f oodavoidance and f ood processing. This V isual D ysphagiaQuestionnaire (VDQ) was piloted in 20 patients and is currentlyevaluated in a cohort of 150 adult EoE patients.Results: T he following 8 food c onsistency prototypes w ereidentified: soft foods (pudding, jelly), grits, toast bread, Frenchfries, dry rice, ground meat, raw fibrous f oods (eg. apple,carrot), s olid m eat. Dysphagia was r anked o n a 4-point Likertscale (0=no difficulties; 3= severe difficulties, food will not pass).First analysis demonstrated that severity of dysphagia is relatedto the eosinophil load and presence of esophageal strictures.Conclusions: T he VDQ i s the first EoE-specific tool f orassessing dysphagia caused by i nternationally-standardizedfoods of different consistencies. This instrument also addressesfood avoidance behaviour and food processing habits. This toolperformed well in a p ilot study a nd is currently evaluated in acohort of 150 adult EoE patients.

Jean Rouch: Un antrop��leg de les fronteres

Jean Rouch (1917-2004) ��s una refer��ncia ineludible en la hist��ria del cinema etnogr��fic. Especialista en els rituals de possessi�� a l'��frica de l'Oest i clarament influenciat pel cinema de Flaherty i de Vertov, Rouch va desenvolupar un m��tode i una teoria cinematogr��fica que s'oposaven frontalment als principis del positivisme cient��fic aix�� com a les teories objectivistes del cinema etnogr��fic. M��s concretament, Rouch va posar en pr��ctica durant el seu treball de camp una "antropologia compartida", basada en una concepci�� no jerarquitzada de les relacions entre l'antrop��leg i la comunitat estudiada, i va situar la idea de ��reflexivitat�� com a eix principal del coneixement cient��fic i del cinema etnogr��fic. Cr��tic amb la cl��ssica distinci�� entre art i ci��ncia, el director franc��s sempre va reivindicar la creativitat, l'experimentaci�� i la llibertat d'estil com a punts essencials de la recerca etnogr��fica.

UBVRI-CCD photometry of Cepheus OB3 association

Johnson CCD photometry was performed in the two subgroups of the association Cepheus OB3, for selected fields each containing at least one star with previous UBV photoelectric photometry. Photometry for about 1000 stars down to visual magnitude 21 is provided, although the completeness tests show that the sample is complete down to V=19mag. Individual errors were assigned to the magnitude and colours for each star. Colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams are shown. Astrometric positions of the stars are also given. Description of the reduction procedure is fully detailed.

Secondary UBVRI-CCD standard stars in the neighbourhood of Landolt standard stars

A list of 681 UBVRI secondary standard stars for CCD photometry is presented. Visual magnitude ranges from 9.7 to 19.4, and the B-V colour index varies from 1.15 to 1.97. The stars are grouped into 11 different fields, each of them is generally observable in a single CCD frame. The stars are located near Landolt UBVRI equatorial standards, accessible to telescopes in both hemispheres, and mainly within the 5 - 8 hours range of right ascension. Photometry, equatorial coordinates and finding charts are provided.

Bayesian image reconstruction with space-variant noise suppression

In this paper we present a Bayesian image reconstruction algorithm with entropy prior (FMAPE) that uses a space-variant hyperparameter. The spatial variation of the hyperparameter allows different degrees of resolution in areas of different statistical characteristics, thus avoiding the large residuals resulting from algorithms that use a constant hyperparameter. In the first implementation of the algorithm, we begin by segmenting a Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) reconstruction. The segmentation method is based on using a wavelet decomposition and a self-organizing neural network. The result is a predetermined number of extended regions plus a small region for each star or bright object. To assign a different value of the hyperparameter to each extended region and star, we use either feasibility tests or cross-validation methods. Once the set of hyperparameters is obtained, we carried out the final Bayesian reconstruction, leading to a reconstruction with decreased bias and excellent visual characteristics. The method has been applied to data from the non-refurbished Hubble Space Telescope. The method can be also applied to ground-based images.

Analysis of IRAS stellar sources in Alpha Persei region

The present study is an analysis of IR sources in the Alpha Persei open cluster region from the IRAS Point Source Catalog and from ground-based photometric observations. Cross-identification between stars in the region and IRAS Point Source Catalog was performed and nine new associations were found. BVRI Johnson photometry for 24 of the matched objects have been carried out. Physical identity of visual and IRAS sources and relationship to the Alpha Persei open cluster are discussed.

Visualitzaci�� de la informaci��: per on comen��ar?

Es presenten les bases te��riques de la visualitzaci�� de la informaci�� i els models visuals m��s estesos actualment amb exemples en el camp de la biblioteconomia ila documentaci��. Es presenta un model simple per crear visualitzacions amb un exemple demostratiu. S'ofereix una selecci�� de fonts d'informaci�� del tema per a un coneixement b��sic i per estar al dia.

El libro electr��nico

"Libro electr��nico" es una expresi��n que ha tenido fortuna y ha pasado a ser un sustantivo habitual, especialmente en su versi��n anglosajona de una sola palabra: el ebook. El n��cleo de la expresi��n reside en c��mo determinados textos electr��nicos se configuran siguiendo la met��fora visual y organizativa de los libros no electr��nicos, impresos en papel, simplemente los libros.

Visual activity predicts auditory recovery from deafness after adult cochlear implantation.

Modern cochlear implantation technologies allow deaf patients to understand auditory speech; however, the implants deliver only a coarse auditory input and patients must use long-term adaptive processes to achieve coherent percepts. In adults with post-lingual deafness, the high progress of speech recovery is observed during the first year after cochlear implantation, but there is a large range of variability in the level of cochlear implant outcomes and the temporal evolution of recovery. It has been proposed that when profoundly deaf subjects receive a cochlear implant, the visual cross-modal reorganization of the brain is deleterious for auditory speech recovery. We tested this hypothesis in post-lingually deaf adults by analysing whether brain activity shortly after implantation correlated with the level of auditory recovery 6 months later. Based on brain activity induced by a speech-processing task, we found strong positive correlations in areas outside the auditory cortex. The highest positive correlations were found in the occipital cortex involved in visual processing, as well as in the posterior-temporal cortex known for audio-visual integration. The other area, which positively correlated with auditory speech recovery, was localized in the left inferior frontal area known for speech processing. Our results demonstrate that the visual modality's functional level is related to the proficiency level of auditory recovery. Based on the positive correlation of visual activity with auditory speech recovery, we suggest that visual modality may facilitate the perception of the word's auditory counterpart in communicative situations. The link demonstrated between visual activity and auditory speech perception indicates that visuoauditory synergy is crucial for cross-modal plasticity and fostering speech-comprehension recovery in adult cochlear-implanted deaf patients.

Tecnologies de la informaci�� (barates) aplicades a les persones amb necessitats especials

As a consequence of the lack of adequate support, many people with physical or sensorial difficulties frequently encounter obstacles to using information technologies. Today equipment and programmes exist for overcoming these barriers, but frequently they are too expensive for the economic limitations of our smaller libraries, document centres, archives, museums, etc. An inexpensive alternative can be found in the accessibility options incorporated into Windows. While these probably do not offer the best or the most adequate solutions, it can be argued that, they are an acceptable alternative, considering existing budget restrictions. This text describes the functionalities of Windows XP, grouping them according to the type of difficulty addressed (visual, motor or auditory) in order to facilitate access to the application.

Educaci�� en el lleure i l'��s de les tecnologies de la informaci�� als hospitals pedi��trics: un estat de la q��esti��

Estat de la q��esti�� sobre l'��s de les tecnologies de la informaci�� als hospitals pedi��trics per tal d'educar en el lleure i pal��liar l'a��llament d'infants i adolescents i les seves fam��lies durant l'estada a l'hospital. A partir del grau d'implantaci�� de les tecnologies, s'ha fet una an��lisi de diverses experi��ncies d'arreu del m��n. S'han identificat dos models diferents pel que fa als objectius: els que centren la seva atenci�� en aspectes curriculars i els que potencien aspectes l��dics. Ambd��s compten amb la implicaci�� del personal sanitari vinculat als pacients i amb la figura del voluntari per a gestionar aquests serveis. Les principals difer��ncies entre els projectes estudiats s��n les fonts de finan��ament, la tipologia de serveis que ofereixen i la naturalesa de les entitas que els promociona.