Guerra conjugal: o cinema antropofágico de Joaquim Pedro de Andrade

Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários - FCLAR

Obtenção e caracterização de compósitos de benzoxazina/fibra de carbono

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Protein-energy malnutrition as a consequence of the hospitalization of gastroenterologic patients

The effects of the clinical and dietetics in patient managements on the protein-energy status of hospitalized patients were retrospectively (four yr) investigated in 243 adult (49 +/- 16 yr), male (168) and female (75) patients suffering from chronic liver diseases (42%), intestinal diseases with diarrhea (14%), digestive cancers (11%), chronic pancreatitis (10%), stomach and duodenum diseases (7%), acute pancreatitis (7%), primary protein-energy malnutrition (3%), esophagus diseases (3%), intestinal diseases with constipation 14 (2%) and chronic alcoholism (2%). The protein-energy nutritional status assessed by combinations of anthropometric and blood parameters showed 75% of protein energy malnutrition at the hospital entry mostly (4/5) in severe and moderate grades. The overall average of hospitalization was 20 +/- 15 days being the shortest (13 +/- 5,7 days) for esophagus diseases and the longest (28 +/- 21 days) for the intestinal diseases with diarrhea patients which also received mostly (42%) of the enteral and/or parenteral feedings followed by acute pacreatitis (41%) and digestive cancers (31%) patients. When compared to the entry the protein-energy malnutrition rate at the discharge decreased only 5% despite the increasing of 30% found on the protein-energy intake. The main improvement of the protein-energy nutritional status were attained to those patients showing protein-energy malnutrition milder degrees at the entry which belonged mostly to primary protein-energy malnutrition, acute pancreatitis and intestinal diseases with diarrhea diseases. The later two groups showed protein-energy nutritional status improvement only after the second week of hospitalization. The digestive cancers patients had their protein-energy nutritional status worsened throughout the hospitalization whereas it happened only in the first week for the intestinal diseases with diarrhea and chronic liver diseases patients, improving thereafter up to the discharge. The protein-energy nutritional status improvement found in few patients could be attributed to some complementary factors such as theirs mild degree of protein-energy malnutrition at entry and/or non-invasive propedeutics and/or enteral-parenteral feddings and/or longer hospitalization staying. The institutional causes for the unexpected lack of nutritional responses by the patients were probably the high demand for the few available beds which favour the hospitalization of the most severed patients and the university-teaching pressure for the high rotation of the available beds. Both often resulting in early discharging. In persisting the current physical area and attendance demand one could suggest an aggressive support early at the entry preceding and/or accompanying the more invasive propedeutical procedures.

Diretrizes de conduta e tratamento de síndromes febris periódicas associadas à criopirina (Criopirinopatias–CAPS)

To establish guidelines based on cientific evidences for the management of cryopyrin associated periodic syndromes. The Guideline was prepared from 4 clinical questions that were structured through Pico (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 1215 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 42 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. The diagnosis of Caps is based on clinical history and clinical manifestations, and later confirmed by genetic study. Caps may manifest itself in three phenotypes: FCAS (mild form), MWS (intermediate form) and Cinca (severe form). Neurological, ophthalmic, otorhinolaryngological and radiological assessments may be highly valuable in distinguishing between syndromes; 2. The genetic diagnosis with NLRP3 gene analysis must be conducted in suspected cases of Caps, i.e., individuals presenting before 20 years of age, recurrent episodes of inflammation expressed by a mild fever and urticaria; 3. Laboratory abnormalities include leukocytosis and elevated serum levels of inflammatory proteins; 4. Targeted therapies directed against interleukin-1 lead to rapid remission of symptoms in most patients. However, there are important limitations on the long-term safety. None of the three anti-IL-1β inhibitors prevents progression of bone lesions.

Factors associated with red blood cell transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants in Brazilian neonatal units

Preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units frequently receive red blood cells (RBC) transfusions due to the anemia of prematurity. A number of variables related to gestational age, severity of illness and transfusion practices adopted in the neonatal unit where the neonate was born may contribute to the prescription of RBC transfusions. This study aimed to analyse the frequency and factors associated with RBC transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. A prospective cohort of 4283 preterm infants (gestational age: 29.9 ± 2.9 weeks; birth weight: 1084 ± 275 g) carried out at 16 university hospitals in Brazil between January 2009 and December 2011 was analysed. Factors associated with RBC transfusions were evaluated using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 2208 (51.6%) infants received RBC transfusions (variation per neonatal unit: 34.1% to 66.4%). RBC transfusions were significantly associated with gestational age (OR: -1.098; 95%CI: -1.12 to -1.04), SNAPPE II score (1.01; 1.00-1.02), apnea (1.69; 1.34-2.14), pulmonary hemorrhage (2.65; 1.74-4.031), need for oxygen at 28 days of life (1.56; 1.17-2.08), clinical sepsis (3.22; 2.55-4.05), necrotising enterocolitis (3.80; 2.26-6.41), grades III/IV intraventricular hemorrhage (1.64; 1.05-2.58), mechanical ventilation (2.27; 1.74-2.97), use of umbilical catheter (1.86; 1.35-2.57), parenteral nutrition (2.06; 1.27-3.33), >60 days of hospitalization (5.29; 4.02-6.95) and the neonatal unit where the neonate was born. The frequency of RBC transfusions varied among neonatal intensive care units. Even after adjusting for adverse health conditions and therapeutic interventions, the neonatal unit continued to influence transfusion practices in very-low birth-weight infants.

l-amino acid oxidase from Bothrops marajoensis causes nephrotoxicity in isolated perfused kidney and cytotoxicity in MDCK renal cells

Renal alterations caused by Bothrops venom and its compounds are studied to understand these effects and provide the best treatment. Previously, we studied the renal effect of the whole venom of Bothrops marajoensis and its phospholipase A2 (PLA2), but these effects could not to be attributed to PLA2. To continue the study, we report in this short communication the effects of l-amino acid oxidase from B. marajoensis venom (LAAOBm) on renal function parameter alterations observed in the same model of isolated perfused kidney, as well as the cytotoxic effect on renal cells. LAAOBm caused a decrease in PP, RVR, UF, GFR, %TNa(+) and %TCl(-), very similar to the effects of whole venom using the same model. We also demonstrated its cytotoxicity in MDCK cells with IC50 of 2.5 μg/mL and late apoptotic involvement demonstrated by flow cytometry assays. In conclusion, we suggested that LAAOBm is a nephrotoxic compound of B. marajoensis venom.

Bothropoides pauloensis venom effects on isolated perfused kidney and cultured renal tubular epithelial cells

Coordenadação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diretrizes de conduta e tratamento de síndromes febris periódicas: síndrome de febre periódica, estomatite aftosa, faringite e adenite

To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 806 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 32 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. PFAPA is a diagnosis of exclusion established on clinical grounds, and one must suspect of this problem in children with recurrent and periodic febrile episodes of unknown origin, or with recurrent tonsillitis interspersed with asymptomatic periods, especially in children in good general condition and with preservation of weight and height development; 2. Laboratory findings are nonspecific. Additional tests do not reveal pathognomonic changes; 3. The evidence supporting an indication for surgical treatment (tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy), is based on two non-blinded randomized clinical trials with small numbers of patients; 4. The use of prednisone at the onset of fever in patients with PFAPA proved to be an effective strategy. There is still need for more qualified evidence to support its use in patients with PFAPA; 5. Despite promising results obtained in studies with IL-1ß inhibitors, such studies are limited to a few case reports.

Guidelines for the management and treatment of periodic fever syndromes Familial Mediterranean Fever

To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of familial Mediterranean fever. The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 10,341 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 46 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. The diagnosis of FMF is based on clinical manifestations, characterized by recurrent febrile episodes associated with abdominal pain, chest or arthritis of large joints; 2. FMF is a genetic disease presenting an autosomal recessive trait, caused by mutation in the MEFV gene; 3. Laboratory tests are not specific, demonstrating high serum levels of inflammatory proteins in the acute phase of the disease, but also often showing high levels even between attacks. SAA serum levels may be especially useful in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment; 4. The therapy of choice is colchicine; this drug has proven effectiveness in preventing acute inflammatory episodes and progression towards amyloidosis in adults; 5. Based on the available information, the use of biological drugs appears to be an alternative for patients with FMF who do not respond or are intolerant to therapy with colchicine.

Autoeficácia como componente mediador de aprendizagem de elementos acrobáticos na ginástica para todos e na capoeira

The study addresses self-efficacy in learning acrobatic elements at Gymnastics for All and Brazilian Capoeira. The methodology consisted of descriptive-qualitative method of research. Questionnaires were applied to seven practitioners of modalities (04 capoeira fighters; 02 gymnastic athletes and 01 practitioner of both of them). The answer formed categories of analysis and it was found that sources of mastery and vicarious experiences plus verbal persuasion are relevant and influence the perception of performance. Fear of injury during practice and preparation of educational pre-sports activities to a better understanding of the task influence the choices and also were indicated. The coach needs to merge with playfulness and motivation, with appropriated levels of challenge to carry out the activities, thus optimizing satisfaction, participation and motivation of athletes.

Levante popular da juventude brasileira: saímos do Facebook

The paper studies the mobilization occurred in June 2013 in Brazil, initially under the banner of the Movement Free Pass, but without the existence of a lead, but multiple voices that alternate in search of social and economic change. The object of study is the communication made through social networks and their realization, or realization, the streets of major cities. The rallies demonstrate the power of communications media and a new phenomenon of talk, the use of social networks, now as uniting factor and not just a showcase of everyday life. The internet has become a new means of communication easy and free access, in addition to its fast dissipation data. Thus, the youth was used such technology to an uprising in the pursuit of social improvement of the cities where marches happened. Such a move still without an academic and social needs to be discussed so that, in addition to understood, can expand contributions to society, helping it in its claims. Was chosen as the site for the #causabrasil study and understanding of issues in which the public expresses dissatisfaction. The site performs an analysis with the combination of hastags a list of pre-registered and a list of terms used by different users of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Youtube and Google, through monitoring tool Seekr, and an infographic presents the main political demands of the population.

Levante popular da juventude brasileira: saímos do Facebook (on line)

The paper studies the mobilization occurred in June 2013 in Brazil, initially under the banner of the Movement Free Pass, but without the existence of a lead, but multiple voices that alternate in search of social and economic change. The object of study is the communication made through social networks and their realization, or realization, the streets of major cities. The rallies demonstrate the power of communications media and a new phenomenon of talk, the use of social networks, now as uniting factor and not just a showcase of everyday life. The internet has become a new means of communication easy and free access, in addition to its fast dissipation data. Thus, the youth was used such technology to an uprising in the pursuit of social improvement of the cities where marches happened. Such a move still without an academic and social needs to be discussed so that, in addition to understood, can expand contributions to society, helping it in its claims. Was chosen as the site for the #causabrasil study and understanding of issues in which the public expresses dissatisfaction. The site performs an analysis with the combination of hastags a list of pre-registered and a list of terms used by different users of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Youtube and Google, through monitoring tool Seekr, and an infographic presents the main political demands of the population.

Alguns procedimentos na poética de João Cabral e sua relação com a poesia contemporânea (década de 80 e 90)

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

Revolução constitucionalista de 32: principais motivações da Frente Única Paulista

This paper aims to analyze the Constitutionalist Movement in 1932, trying to understand, more specifically, the political end sought by the Front Unique Paulista, on a literal translation, union of the political parties of São Paulo (Republican Party Paulista and Democratic Party). The research is motivated by the need to understand the political project of FUP with the movement and the existing motivations why it was articulated. The comprehension of the constitutionalists' reasons is relevant to understanding the history of the revolution, from its origin to its outcome. Based on literature and its historical analysis, the paper will demonstrate that the Front, with the advent of the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932, had as its main purpose regain political control of the state of São Paulo lost with the revolution of 1930. More than the vaunted concern with the implementation of a new constitution for the nation, the FUP leaders had intended to retrieve the lost power with the movement of 30 and the rise of Getulio Vargas to power. Under a banner to fight for a new constitution and the expected change from a totalitarian and centralized state imposed by Vargas for a more autonomous state, the cause of São Paulo enticed sympathy and support from the community, whose social history always harbored separatist ideas, even that they have never been carried out to its ultimate consequences

Agroecologia: aspectos comparativos Brasil-França

O artigo aborda alguns aspectos do desenvolvimento e do papel da Agroecologia, no Brasil e na França, com o objetivo de traçar um panorama comparativo da evolução recente considerando a polissemia do termo. Assim, a trajetória da Agroecologia foi comparada enquanto ciência, prática agrícola, movimento social e ética de vida. A pesquisa teve um caráter descritivo/qualitativo, utilizando documentos bibliográficos e investigação de sites específicos da Internet. Como conclusão podemos considerar que existem muitos pontos comuns entre os dois países, no que diz respeito aos princípios da Agroecologia, os objetivos e as instituições que fazem a mediação com a temática. A Agroecologia como ciência é vista pelos intelectuais dos dois países como um paradigma na direção de um desenvolvimento sustentável para o campo e também para a cidade. Porém, no Brasil a Agroecologia tem muito mais a ver com a questão social enquanto bandeira de luta pela diminuição das desigualdades sócio-econômicas do que como práticas agronômicas de bases ecológicas, significado mais difundido na França por conta da agricultura biologicamente intensiva. Como conclusão geral podemos dizer que as idéias podem ser as mesmas no Brasil e na França, mas as condições objetivas do desenvolvimento são muito diferentes.