DISCORDANCE BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND WITH LIPOATROPHY/LIPOHYPERTROPHY SYNDROME

Introduction: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has improved and extended the lives of thousands of people living with HIV/AIDS around the world. However, this treatment can lead to the development of adverse reactions such as lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome (LLS) and its associated risks. Objective: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of self-reported lipodystrophy and nutritional status by anthropometric measurements in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods: An observational study of 227 adult patients in the Secondary Immunodeficiencies Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (3002 ADEE-HCFMUSP). The sample was divided into three groups; Group 1 = 92 patients on HAART and with self-reported lipodystrophy, Group 2 = 70 patients on HAART without self-reported lipodystrophy and Group 3 = 65 patients not taking HAART. The nutritional status of individuals in the study sample was determined by body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (% BF). The cardiovascular risk and diseases associated with abdominal obesity were determined by waist/hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). Results: The prevalence of self-reported lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome was 33% among women and 59% among men. Anthropometry showed depletion of fat mass in the evaluation of the triceps (TSF) in the treatment groups with HAART and was statistically independent of gender; for men p = 0.001, and for women p = 0.007. Similar results were found in the measurement of skin folds of the upper and lower body (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003 respectively). In assessing the nutritional status of groups by BMI and % BF, excess weight and body fat were more prevalent among women compared to men (p = 0.726). The WHR and WC revealed risks for cardiovascular and other diseases associated with abdominal obesity for women on HAART and with self-reported LLS (p = 0.005) and (p = 0.011). Conclusions: Anthropometric measurements were useful in the confirmation of the prevalence of LLS. BMI alone does not appear to be a good parameter for assessing the nutritional status of HIV-infected patients on HAART and with LLS. Other anthropometric measurements are needed to evaluate patients with the lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome.

Solução Industrial para Controlo de OEE

É cada vez mais forte e natural o desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis. Hoje em dia qualquer pessoa seja de forma amadora ou profissional tenta tirar o máximo partido do seu dispositivo móvel, através de aplicações desenvolvidas para as mais diversas áreas. Um dos sistemas operativos que mais programadores apostam é no Android devido à sua versatilidade e ás suas capacidades enquanto sistema operativo dentro de um smartphone. Para além dessas mais-valias, desenvolver uma aplicação para Android não tem qualquer custo, apenas terá, caso seja uma aplicação para adicionar a Google Play Store, caso contrário pode desenvolver-se qualquer tipo de aplicação sem custos, o que não acontece com outros sistemas operativos. Tendo em conta os custos, é normal as pequenas e médias empresas tentarem investir neste tipo de desenvolvimento, pois evitam gastos em licenciamentos para produzir os seus produtos. Seguindo este contexto, esta dissertação insere-se nesse perfil, isto é, tentar encontrar uma solução com baixos custos e que produza os resultados pretendidos. Através das mais diversas API’s é possível adaptar o sistema operativo Android a qualquer área apenas basta enquadrar da melhor maneira ideias e dar asas à imaginação. Desta forma, esta dissertação irá centrar-se na área industrial, na qual o Android pode e deve ser bastante útil, se for usado com rigor. Irá ser abordado o desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis e serão analisadas as tecnologias envolventes no projeto assim como algumas das principais soluções já implementadas e desenvolvidas por empresas no setor e para o sector industrial. O projeto aborda também de que forma é possível aliar o sistema operativo Android á área industrial de forma a permitir um melhor desempenho por parte de todos em prol da empresa á qual está associado. A necessidade de criação desta aplicação, surgiu numa perspectiva de melhoria contínua, com o objectivo de abandonar o procedimento instituído, que era realizado manualmente, passando a fazê-lo de uma forma automática e mais interativa. O processo será realizado pelos colaboradores e terá sempre o seu contributo, mas de uma forma mais rigorosa, simples e eficiente, aumentando a qualidade do serviço.

H3 internationalization to Brazil

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Internationalization process of h3 to the German market

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Effects of lethal and non-lethal malaria on the mononuclear phagocyte system

The effects ofone non-lethal species ofmalarialparasite, Plasmodium yoelii, and one lethal species, P. berghei, on the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) of BALB/c mice were studied. P. yoelii caused a greater and more sustained expansion and activation of the MPS, and the two major populations of spleen phagocytic cells-red pulp and marginal zone macrophages - exhibited a greater increase in numbers in this infection. During the course of P. berghei mataria, the spleen was progressively occupied by haematopoietic tissue and, at the terminal stage of infection, an extensive depletion of lymphocytes and macrophages was apparent. The possibility was suggested that the outcome of mataria may be inftuenced by the particular way the parasite interacts with the MPS.

A communication strategy for Continente: Practical, low priced and healthy eating solutions

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Taxas moderadoras e a racionalização da procura de cuidados de saúde

RESUMO - O Sector da Saúde ocupa, atualmente, um espaço muito visível na nossa sociedade, quer em termos económicos, sociais ou meramente mediáticos. Nos últimos 40 anos registaramse progressos notórios graças à ampliação da oferta de cuidados de saúde e ao acréscimo de recursos alocados ao sistema de saúde. Neste período Portugal alcançou um destacado patamar no desenvolvimento do seu sistema de saúde, apresentando hoje resultados comparáveis com os dos principais parceiros internacionais. As taxas moderadoras são um instrumento financeiro, de carácter explícito, que têm como principal objetivo a racionalização da procura de cuidados de saúde (Pinto e Aragão 2003). Este trabalho pretende avaliar o impacto da existência das taxas moderadoras na procura dos cuidados de saúde por parte dos utentes. Metodologia: O instrumento de medida utilizado foi um questionário submetido a um préteste. Este instrumento de investigação é dirigido a consumidores dos cuidados de saúde, na loja de cidadão de Coimbra pretendendo averiguar a opinião de uma certa amostra o de cidadãos acerca da influência das taxas moderadoras na sua procura de cuidados de saúde. O pré-teste terá em conta uma amostra de diferentes idades e estratos sociais. Resultados: O próprio estado de saúde do individuo leva um maior ou menos consumo de cuidados de saúde. As pessoas inquiridas concordam com as taxas moderadoras, conhecem o seu aumento e estão cientes da existência de isenções, não deixando de procurar cuidados de saúde pelo fato de estas existirem. Apesar de em minoria é importante com uma amostra tão pequena ter em consideração os que não concordam com as taxas moderadoras e que deixam de procurar cuidados de saúde.

Acquisition of Carrefour-Portugal by Sonae Distribuição

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Mortality of Dipetalogaster maximus (uhler) in response to temperature and humidity

Observations were made on the mortality of Dipetalogaster maximus in relation to humidity and temperature in controlled conditions. The bugs survived longer at higher relative humidities and at lower temperatures, but when these results were plotted against vapour pressure déficit, no independent temperature effect was seen. The results may be explained by thefaster depletion of water reserves at higher vapour pressure deficits. D. maximus did not increase its resistance to water vapour transferat higher vapour pressure deficits. In orderto increase survival rates when D. maximus is used for xenodiagnosis in field conditions it should be protected against high temperatures and low humidities.

Kinetics of the cercaria-schistosomulum transformation in vivo

Sitice most studies on the cercaria-schistosomulum transformation have been carried out in vitro, the authors used the inoculation ofcercariae into the peritoneal cavity of mice tofollow the steps involved in this progressive adaptation of cercarie to the vertebmte host. The main conclusions were: 1. Most cercariae reach the schistosomular stage between 90-120 min after intraperitoneal inoculation. 2. Changes usuallystart with detachment of the tail followed by loss, rupture or changes of the glycocalix. 3. After 120 min most larvae loss their tails and present water sensitivity. 4. Acetabular grands depletion usually does not occur in cercaria-shistosomulum changes in the peritoneal cavity of mice. These steps differ in some way from those described in the kinetics of the in vitro observations performed by other investigators, and is more like those described in the penetration in the skin of living vertebrates.

Cofemel´s internationalization plan to Poland

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics.

A proof system for lock-free concurrency

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Towards cryogenic liquid –vapor energy storage units for space applications

Dissertation to obtain the Doctoral degree in Physics Engineering

The hemorrhagic syndrome of leptospirosis: an experimental study in guinea pigs

The hemorrhagic syndrome of leptospirosis was studied in guinea pigs. The study correlates hematological, histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations in sixty animals inoculated by the intraperitoneal route with lml of the culture of virulent strain of Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. Leptospirae antigens were detected by immunoperoxidase, chiefly in liver, kidney and heart muscle capillaries. Possible pathogenic mechanisms responsible for hemorrhagic syndrome are discussed with emphasis on toxic and anoxic attacks causing damage to endothelia, platelet depletion and alterations to hemostasia rates: prothrombin time [FT], partial thromboplastin time [PIT] and fibrinogen concentrations. Tide clinical-laboratoiy picture is compatible with the histopathological observation of disseminated intravascular coagulation [D1C] in most of the guinea pigs from day 4 of infection.

Repairs of databases with null values

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática