Duque de Caxias para quem?: imaginários sociais e apropriações de territórios na cibercultura

A partir das múltiplas representações que se reproduzem sobre a cidade de Duque de Caxias ao longo dos anos, imaginários e identidades sociais são fortalecidos e transformados. No entanto, autorrepresentações, provindas de agentes culturais da cidade organizados em uma rede, que muito se fortalece com o uso da internet, buscam desconstruir estereótipos e reivindicar a cidade que eles querem e julgam ter direito. Neste contexto, a primeira parte do trabalho se dedica a uma investigação sobre como a cidade de Duque de Caxias foi e é representada por atores diversos, incluindo seus próprios moradores. São ressaltadas as aproximações entre a produção cultural dessa rede com a construção e ressignificação de símbolos e imaginários da cidade. São realizados, ainda, estudos de caso sobre o cineclube Mate com Angu, o coletivo de quadrinistas Capa Comics e o blog Lurdinha. A segunda parte do trabalho versa sobre as relações afetivas entre a população duque caxiense e os territórios habitados, em muito transformadas pelas produções culturais que enfatizam o pertencimento à cidade. O incentivo ao melhor uso dos espaços públicos e a criação de equipamentos de lazer se apresentam como essenciais neste processo. Os resultados dessa pesquisa apresentam uma reflexão sobre as potencialidades da internet para o fortalecimento das relações em rede, para oportunizar autorrepresentações e, ainda, para provocar mobilidades. As transformações ocorridas em torno das percepções sobre a cidade, a compreensão de pertencimento a ela e a apropriação dos espaços também são pontos destacados nesta dissertação.

Os usos sociais do corpo na "praia carioca do Pepê"

Quando o campo é a “Praia Carioca do Pepê” e os “Usos Sociais do Corpo”, a forma de “distinção” em relação às classes sociais na construção da disposição estética, no gosto, consumo, estilo de vida e nos hábitos de classe. Através deste “estudo de campo”, procurei captar as representações que os indivíduos fazem de seus corpos na “Praia Carioca do Pepê” ao confrontar com a realidade apresentada a mim nesse espaço da praia investigado. Com isso busquei averiguar se existe um imaginário social do “corpo” e como esse imaginário aparece nesse espaço da praia.

Utilização do computador em contexto escolar por alunos do 4º ano: representações e atitudes (um estudo efectuado em duas escolas do Ensino Básico da Ilha da Madeira)

A presente investigação visa perceber como os alunos de três turmas de 4º ano, de duas escolas da Ilha da Madeira, experienciam o uso do computador em contexto escolar e se esse uso, à luz das novas teorias da aprendizagem, promove alguma inovação em termos pedagógicos. Por termos resolvido abordar o problema indo ao encontro do sentir dos alunos,focámo-nos nas suas representações e atitudes, para captarmos relacionamentos específicos na utilização das ferramentas de informação e comunicação, associadas ao computador e outros tipos de software didáctico/educativo. Tivemos como sustentáculo o ponto de vista segundo o qual as crianças de hoje estão modificadas, consequência da evolução tecnológica, por sua vez as pessoas sujeitas à acção educativa estão a mudar as suas práticas. Este é um estudo exploratório, no qual utilizámos uma metodologia do tipo descritivo, que se enquadra no paradigma interpretativo da investigação qualitativa, baseada numa análise de conteúdo temática. Recorremos à utilização de técnicas de natureza qualitativa aplicada (observação naturalista, observação participante, entrevista directiva e semi-directiva). Os resultados obtidos mostram que há aspectos de natureza pessoal (educação dos alunos) e contextuais (relativos à escola) associados a diferenças na utilização do computador. Destes destaca-se o contexto da escola, as suas condições materiais e humanas, o clima de trabalho e a dinamização de actividades apoiadas por computador por parte dos docentes, que limitam o seu uso pelos alunos, dificultando a inovação. Não obstante foi visível alguma ruptura com os paradigmas tradicionais: interacções frequentes, o professor lança os desafios, dá as ferramentas aos alunos, reconstrói a sua acção e proporciona ambientes que facilitam uma aprendizagem construtiva. Aos poucos foram-se afirmando os aspectos da aprendizagem com as tecnologias o que permite modelagens de aprendizagens novas e são um recurso relevante tanto do ponto de vista da clareza e substância da informação, como da motivação. Os sinais detectados levam-nos a afirmar que o processo de mudança se encontra em marcha, ainda que de forma lenta, devido a uma estrutura muito enraizada do sistema de ensino e os alunos ao transportarem para o quotidiano das escolas os procedimentos intuitivos inerentes às tecnologias são os agentes principais de pressão para essa mudança.Não acreditamos em soluções óptimas, mas o empenho de todos nós em melhorarmos o nosso conhecimento sobre a forma como se aprende, hoje em dia, com o advento do computador, ajudará a uma maior compreensão e articulação dos problemas existentes nas escolas. Facilitará, ainda, as adaptações curriculares a promover no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, com vista à adopção de práticas inovadoras que visem o uso da tecnologia de forma aliciante, desafiadora, eficaz e verdadeiramente educativa.

O exercício da autonomia nas escolas secundárias da RAM: as representações dos presidentes dos conselhos executivos/directores

Partindo da experiência decorrente da implementação do Decreto Legislativo Regional nº 21/2006/M que adaptou à Região Autónoma da Madeira o modelo nacional consignado no Decreto-Lei nº 115-A/98, pretende-se com este trabalho averiguar qual a percepção que os Presidentes dos Conselhos Executivos/Directores têm relativamente ao exercício, áreas e grau de autonomia das escolas com ensino secundário desta Região Autónoma. Utilizando uma metodologia de características qualitativas e quantitativas, recorremos à pesquisa documental, ao inquérito por questionário e à entrevista como instrumentos de investigação. Este trabalho é constituído por duas partes. Na primeira, dedicada à fundamentação teórica/revisão da literatura, pretende-se acompanhar a evolução e afirmação da autonomia, partindo de sistemas de administração centralizados e burocratizados que foram dando lugar a formas mais descentralizadas e abertas à participação dos cidadãos. No domínio da educação, a descentralização e a autonomia ganharam expressão a partir da década de 80 do Século XX, que por força da legislação publicada inicia um período marcado por um discurso que realça as virtudes da gestão centrada nas escolas, num percurso, porém, pouco linear, onde sobressaem as contradições entre o decretado e o construído. A segunda parte deste trabalho, dedicada à parte prática, permite-nos concluir que globalmente as escolas da Região são vistas pelos seus presidentes/directores como bastante autónomas, sentindo-se mais autonomia nos domínios Estratégico, Organizacional e Pedagógico e menos autonomia nos domínios Curricular, Financeiro e Administrativo. O reforço da participação da comunidade, maior protagonismo do Conselho da Comunidade Educativa e das estruturas de gestão intermédia e um maior aproveitamento das potencialidades da legislação, são aspectos a melhorar na implementação do modelo regional de administração e gestão das escolas.

Representações dos professores e inovação pedagógica: um estudo de caso

Este é um estudo de caso sobre as representações dos professores acerca da inovação pedagógica. Utilizou uma metodologia naturalista e etnográfica de recolha de dados através da observação participante, de entrevistas não directivas e da análise de documentos. Procurou-se compreender as perspectivas dos professores no contexto das suas interacções específicas a partir das contribuições da microssociologia e do interaccionismo simbólico. Para isso foi necessário interpretar a cultura da escola em relação à cultura escolar historicamente construída, ou seja, equacionar as lógicas de funcionamento de um invariante cultural que impede a inovação.

Repercussões sociais da violência contra crianças e adolescentes: deliqüência

This research is responsible for the investigation and problematization of the violence production process in children and teenagers through deviant behaviour, especially the drug s use and traffic, given that the deviant behaviour named juvenile criminality is something built and that can t be disassociated from the social and institutional relations that are ideological and violent, as well as the construction of, social and individual, positive identities can become important instruments for the process of democratization and the effective juvenile citizenship. In relation to the teorical referential, the work was developed from readings beyond the social science camp, without getting far from it, searching for support in other scientific camps and making your bases on Manuel Castells formulations about the power of the identity, and on Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth in relation to the recognition struggle. In the empiric field, the discourses and graphic representations from twenty four children and teenagers that attend a social project were privileged, and compared to those shown at the documentary and the book Falcão Meninos do Tráfico produced by MV Bill, in relation to the social profile and life trajectory. From the study subjects' perspective, the data suggest that the children and the teenagers conceive violence as a natural thing, either as victims or persecutors. However, the research shows that, despite the subjects of the two studied groups reveled in your discourses the influence of the violent relations in their daily lives, the subjects got recognition during the process of identity construction by the groups with which they maintained the sense of belonging, either it being the family, the community or the school, they were positively influenced and established a positive representation of themselves and didn t show any deviant and violent tendency or behaviour. Therefore, we demonstrate the role of the school for an education for peace, as well as the participation of the family, the community and the stimulation of the juvenile protagonism as transforming practices, capable of awaking the citizenship and avoiding the construction of people that reproduce deviant and violent behaviour

Dos movimentos sociais às funções institucionais: a Consolidação de uma geração política em Sergipe.

This study was presented to the Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences at UFRN as part of the requisites for obtaining the title of Master in Social Sciences. It describes the results of the research From social movements to the institutional functions: the consolidation of a generation . Its main objective is to describe the history of a political generation that emerged from the social movements, in the 80 s, in Sergipe, and that nowadays occupies the main governmental positions in the State s political scenario. As its specific objectives, the research described the emerging of social movements in the 80s in Sergipe; it found in the social movements in Sergipe, in the 80s, the beginning of the history of a new political generation, and described the consolidation of this new political generation in institutional positions as the expression of a new group of power in Sergipe s politics. Among the social movements that gained visibility in that period and that projected their leadership into the political scenario of Sergipe, this study highlights: the students movement, teacher s movement, bank clercks movement, miners movement, and rural workers movement. It utilized as methodology the research in sites, magazines, and the use of testimonies from semi-structured interviews. The main leadership of the five movements that were analyzed is, nowadays, governing the state, administering the capital s city hall, and performing legislative work at the Legislative Assembly of Sergipe, and at the Chamber of City Councilmen of Aracaju. This study described the political history of the main leadership of that generation of militants and organizers of social movements, and of left party groups in Sergipe, highlighting that their consolidation in the political scenario of the State meant the consolidation of a new group of power in Sergipe s politics.

Redistribuição e reconhecimento: o caso das políticas sociais nos municípios de Natal e Belo horizonte

This research refers to a comparative study of social policies from the cities of Natal (RN) and Belo Horizonte (MG). Understanding that the demands for social justice in contemporary societies require both economic redistribution, and cultural recognition, we set out to investigate, according to Nancy Fraser s formulations (1996, 2005a, 2005b, 2007), how these two municipalities incorporate these dimensions in their social programs.

A festa do bom Jesus dos navegantes em propriá-se: história de fé, espaço das relações sociais e laços culturais

The study is a survey conducted for the Master of Social Sciences carried out in partnership between the Universidade Tiradentes-UNIT/SE and the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Being a religious event, we seek to show that the religious parties generally have particular meanings for each nation or region. Amaral (1998) informs that the Brazilian parties regardless of where they occur are popular demonstrations that, as the context in which they present themselves, can dilute to crystallize, to celebrate, to ritualize or sacralize the particular social experience of the groups that do. They happen as a way to thank victories or important religious passages as Christmas, the June saints celebration, patron saints and patron saints considered. Thus, The Bom Jesus dos Navegantes party in Propriá-SE: story of faith, a space of social relations and cultural ties, is presented as our field of study because it is one of those celebrations that while celebrated in Sergipe, always on Sundays in January, by some municipalities situated along the river San Francisco, has the characteristic of overlap any others placed in town, including the one of the city's patron saint, Saint Anthony, held on June 13. Concerning the materials and methods, we opted for qualitative research and participant direct observation, using the techniques of personal notes, interviews, newspapers, websites, photos, videos and testimonials from participants and organizers, as well as references offered by experts of the area. With this research answers were sought to questions about what could keep alive the celebration of Bom Jesus dos Navegantes each year in order that this is a patron saint, not saint; the way as the investment of local government with more resources in this period, during the organization of arts festivals, has created a thread of tension with the Catholic Church promoting the religious rituals was reviewed. It was also analyzed how the sacred and profane spaces present themselves inseparable from the celebration and, finally, it was revealed that the party retains its value by preserving its tradition and making room for modernity, not weakening but suffering metamorphoses of time and space and can be seen in the social and cultural bonds wrapped by the time of religious faith

Organizações comunitárias e movimentos sociais : conflitos e tensões nos espaços de participação do município de Natal

This study reflects on the conflicts that exist between the different forms of participation and the political representation manifested by community organizations and social movements in the city of Natal/RN. The objective is to better understand the process of political participation of the popular classes and how the different actors have represented collective demands in the struggle for rights. To this end, we mapped the organizations, social movements and participation spaces, through a type of participant research, in which we had the opportunity to experience and study different forms of collective action and events instigated by the community organizations and the Movement for the Struggle in the Neighborhoods, Villages and Slums (Movimento de Luta nos Bairros, Vilas e Favelas) MLB. From the theoretical contributions of authors such as Maria da Glória Gohn, Marco Aurélio Nogueira, Virginia Fontes, Vera da Silva Telles, Roberto Da Matta and Carlos Montaño, as well as the empirical data collected, the study revealed that on representing their segments and occupying different spaces of participation, some actors have formed partnerships with the State, putting collective demands on a second plane. Contrarily, other actors have articulated their struggle around collective demands and manifested through direct action, mobilizing and asserting themselves in defense of a project for society

Redes sociais e a lógica do desvio comportamental em relação às normas de trabalho

This paper aim to check a hypothesis that assumes several behaviors related to social work norm´s obeying as a phenomenon that can be explained by actor´s social network structure and the rational choice processes related to the social norm inside that network, principally the payoff´s analysis received by the closest actors, or neighbors, at a social situation. Taking the sociological paradigm of rational action theory as a basis, the focus is on a debate about the logic of social norms, from Émile Durkheim´s method to Jon Elster´s theory, but also including social network analysis´s variables according to Robert Hanneman; and also Vilfredo Pareto´s constants related to human sociability, at the aim to detect elements that can help the scholars to develop an agent based model which could explain the sociological problem of deviance by a better way than the common sense´s view about morality and ethics at a social work environment

Juventude e consumo emocional nas redes sociais da internet. Análise das marcas: Coca-Cola, Pepsi, BlackBerry, Nokia, Riachuelo e C&A

In The paradoxical happiness , Gilles Lipovetsky elects five major paradigmatic models that command the pleasure and happiness in our societies. Starting with the paradigmatic models of penia (where it is emphasized the existential dissatisfaction supplied by the consumption and where advertising has a special place, bombarding consumers and creating consumer needs, in addition to selling a lifestyle rather than the products themselves), and narcissus (model constructed on the basis of self-exaltation and abdication of the social and political) intends to examine the relationship between the consumption exercised by young people and the advertising displayed on social networking sites, focusing on the social media Facebook, observing the virtual fan pages of the following brands: Coca-Cola; Pepsi; BlackBerry, Nokia, Riachuelo and C&A and their relationships with their consumers

Iniqüidade em saúde: uma extensão das desigualdades sociais no sistema público de saúde do Brasil (2003-2006)

This issue analises the unevenness in the brazilian system of public health care as an extension of socials inequities. It is a theoretical study based in a historical method, using empirical camp from academic, corporation and institution researchs, along the period 2002-2006. Equality and effectiveness in health systems are analitical basic cathegories grap in the root of the doctrine, principles and organization of the Unique Health System, in which sectorial actions are inserted. Discuss the estructural prodution and determined those inequalities through some social determiners of health system: income, land, food securitiy, nutritional situation, basic sanitation, epidemiological inequities and public management policy. Carry out a thematic review over health social production, it formlation and the goals of social policies, as well as the insertion of the equality principle in the assistance system, in the frame of the running public health regulations. It uses reflections that enlighted the correlation between the process of political-institutional actions and equity on health assistance. Analized the pertinency of sectorial reorganizational strategies on basic attendance, confronting the hipothesis that those strategies reinforce social inequities in health system, because it organize diferential assistance levels over not equal baselines. The results show up that social inequalities, even remaining, have had a small decrease; that the selectiviness of actual public policies and the duplication of the health system, increases the differences within and between the social classes and configures the assistance as inequal. The basic care system has great shortages that also appeares in middle and complex assistance levels. As conclusion, it remarks that the health assintance system, even with it integrality has limits; structural problems on material conditions of living and health system could not be reversed only with institutional legal arragements; by the contrary, in border conditions, these strategies produce policies that reinforce inequities, neglecting the equity principle of the system in which frame, they work. One patina of this tim

Tecendo os fios de rede: juventude e produção de si em projetos sociais.

The study is about youthful subjectivities in quarters, of the West Zone of Natal-RN, marked for lacks and contingencies that constitute the everyday life of the social existence of its young inhabitants. For this purpose the researchers selected two youth groups: the Association of Youths Constructing Dreams (in the quarter of Felipe Camarão) and Lelo Melodia Crew (Quarter of Guarapes). Both are articulated through the strategy of coalition in regional and national nets. The hypothesis is that inside the groups and nets new youthful citizens arises. That would be a change in the representation of poor youth: from 1980 s street children - young whose social stigma associated poverty and crime to late 1990 s kids of project (pointing their trajectory in social projects) or, in present days, called as young peripherals - for the enrollment in cultural movements, as the hip hop movement - These new young citizens are contributing to new social imagery significations on poor youths. The methodology encloses: a) focal group; b) participant research analyzing the making arts (ways to think, social daily practices, actions engaged in a diversity plans) of youth groups; c) life stories of some of the youngs produced in workshops; d) not structuralized interviews. d) several documents of the groups; e) local and national surveys. Results emphasize a feeling of opening to a project of autonomy in relation to a social system that leaves them in a situation of social precariousness. Conclusion remarks that such practices of the youthful groups through the art, leisure, sport and culture unfold politics effect so that can point innovative forms of politics participation on the part of this specific segment of poor youths of Brasilian country, although conflicts and paradoxes crosses individual citizens, youth groups and youth nets.

Escola e gênero : representações de gênero na escola

The study Escola e Gênero: representações de gênero na escola show us the social man made, starting of an analysis in the having fun time in the children´s life and how it´s an important aspect of the building childish universe simbolic. My analysis started in a children´s daily at school and how they noticed the play value od dominant society. Our propouse is think about the linking between ideology, representations and gender like the children´s knowledge in the school activities. The toy, an instrument which is noticed and exist in the funny activities, is full of cultural concepts of male and female parts. Your color, lines, functions and the way you manipulate is driven of gender cathegories. In the scool, the ideological concepts have it´s important way which is to domesticate the feelings, the desires; categorize and normalize them without be known by the educational employers. In the children´s education, the funny time is noticed by others ways and turned as important as others subjects. By the way it´s not noticed by the school, like another thing which isn´t a funny moment. And it´s exactly here in the school funny time, the school did your cultural power of separete the gender and your extencions, feed by the society, generaly, in favor of the man whose woman is your subordinate. This ways of analysis help the society and the school universe about the funny time e how they are important in the Man made life. And how the toys bring the concepts and addicted thinking, ideological which put the power in the stages, without equal, addicted feelings around the gender concepts. I read and used the theories of Kishimoto, Berger & luckmann, Brougère, Sousa Filho, Bourdieu, Badinter, Geertz, Grossi, Louro, Foucault, among others