Comportamento e reforço de nós viga-pilar

A presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo a análise do comportamento do nó viga-pilar, com a finalidade de dimensionar uma solução de reforço sísmico a aplicar em nós de estruturas antigas de betão armado. Uma parte considerável das construções em betão armado construídas em Portugal até 1970 são muito frágeis relativamente às ações sísmicas. Devido a este fato, os edifícios estão associados a uma conceção desajustada face à regulamentação atual pois à época não estava prevista a consideração de ações sísmicas na execução dos projetos de estruturas. Nesse período, era prática comum na construção o uso de armadura lisa conjugada com uma má pormenorização das armaduras e baixa resistência mecânica do betão. Tal levava a que as estruturas de betão armado construídas em Portugal até à década de setenta, possuírem uma baixa capacidade para resistir a solicitações cíclicas, como as induzidas pelos sismos. Os nós viga-pilar das estruturaras de betão armado são considerados as zonas mais crítica e vulnerável a ações sísmicas. Por isso é frequente em estruturas antigas, a necessidade de as reforçar, para melhorar a performance do edifício durante os sismos. Têm sido estudadas por investigadores várias técnicas e soluções para reforçar os nós viga-pilar de estruturas antigas de betão armado. Serão analisados nesta dissertação os danos observados em dois nós viga-pilar ensaiados experimentalmente, onde são simuladas as ações cíclicas horizontais dos sismos. Com base nestes dados, é proposta e detalhada uma solução de reforço para melhorar o comportamento histerético dessa ligações, de forma a conferir uma maior capacidade resistente e/ou ductilidade.

Análise da fluência em vigas de concreto armado simplesmente apoiadas usando o método dos elementos finitos

Reinforced concrete creep is a phenomenon of great importance. Despite being appointed as the main cause of several pathologies, its effects are yet considered in a simplified way by the structural designers. In addition to studying the phenomenon in reinforced concrete structures and its current account used in the structural analysis, this paper compares creep strains at simply supported reinforced concrete beams in analytical and in experimental forms with the finite element method (FEM) simulation results. The strains and deflections obtained through the analytical form were calculated with the Brazilian code NBR 6118 (2014) recommendations and the simplified method from CEB-FIP 90 and the experimental results were extracted from tests available in the literature. Finite element simulations are performed using ANSYS Workbench software, using its 3D SOLID 186 elements and the structure symmetry. Analyzes of convergence using 2D PLANE 183 elements are held as well. At the end, it is concluded that FEM analyses are quantitative and qualitative efficient for the estimation of this non-linearity and that the method utilized to obtain the creep coefficients values is sufficiently accurate.

Acompanhamento de uma empreitada de demolição de um edifício devoluto

Relatório de Estágio para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Edificações

Projeto de reforço de um edifício de habitação

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Estruturas

Dimensionamento de um pavilhão metálico para armazenamento de paletes de madeira

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Estruturas

Dimensionamento de uma ponte metálica de suporte de uma tela transportadora de inertes a utilizar numa instalação industrial

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização em Estruturas

Projeto de estabilidade de um edifício para uma sala elétrica em betão armado e estrutura metálica

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização Estruturas

Projeto de fundações e estruturas de um edifício destinado a uma igreja

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização em Estruturas

Monitoramento e identificação numérico e experimental de danos em vigas e pontes de aço e concreto utilizando transformadas de wavelet

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2015.

Estudo de revestimentos inorgânicos com inibidor de corrosão aplicado na superfície do concreto

The corrosive phenomenon on reinforced concrete structures is one of the most founded pathologies on the coastal area. With the objective to prevent the process development, or even, retard its beginning, it was studied the application of inorganic covering over concrete surfaces, after its cure, as well as, evaluate the efficiency of the covering applied on the concrete in reducing its porosity of concrete preventing the entrance of aggressive agents to preserve the integrity of the existing armor inside it, comparing the result obtained with the body-of-proof reference, that didn´t receive covering protection. On the concrete production it was used Portland Cement CP II 32, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water from the local distributive. Two types of covering were used, one resin based of silicon and solvent and other white cement based, selected sands and acrylic resin. The concrete mixture adopted was 1:1,5:2,5 (cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate) and 0.50 water/cement ratio. With the concrete on fresh state was made the experiment test to determinate the workability. On the hardened state was made the concrete resistance experiment, absorption of water and electrochemical experiments, through polarization curves. Also was held optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy experiments to analyze the layer of the covering applied to the concrete surface and the interface between the concrete and the layer. The obtained results shows that the covering applied to the concrete surface didn´t affect the resistance towards compression. On the absorption of water occurred a diminution of the percentage absorbed, improving the concrete development by making it more impermeable towards the entrance of aggressive agents. The electrochemical experiment results confirmed the water absorption results; the body-of-proof covered presented larger protection towards the development of corrosives process and retarded the evolution of the corrosive phenomenon

Avaliação de concretos reforçados por confinamento com manta de fibra de vidro estrutural e pré-impreganada

Due to the occurrence of diseases in the use of structural reinforcements in composites, with presentation of concrete blanket detachment, has been identified the need to evaluate the performance of concrete reinforced with glass fiber. This study aims to evaluate these concretes by means of testing methodologies, using concrete with low resistance with structural reinforcement for confinement by preimpregnated glass fiber and traditional fiberglass blanket. The first stage of work was the development of methodologies for analysis, opting for four types, such as the acoustic survey, strength to compressive, the pull-off and ultrasound. Next, tests were carried out using the four selected methodologies in 30 of proof-of-specimens by 5x10 cm, 15 were reinforced with the traditional fiberglass blanket with 5specimens exposed to test a marine environment of marine coastline of Natal-RN and 15 were reinforced with a pre-impregnated glass fiber blanket, as well as 5specimens exposed to a test environment of the marine coastline of Natal-RN. After conducting the acoustic survey, it has been verified a lack of delaminating and air bubbles in the samples, confirming the absence of gross shortcomings in the implementation of the ribs both the traditional fiberglass blanket and in the preimpregnated fiber glass blanket. After carrying out methods of pull-off and compressive strengthening test it was observed that the reinforced proof-bodies with pre-impregnated glass blanket showed maximum stresses higher than the traditional fiberglass blanket; consequently a greater grip with the formation of a smaller area of . fracture, unlike traditional glass mat, which showed lower maximum stresses, with a greater area of fracture. It was also found that the traditional fiberglass blanket presented detachment of blanket-concrete interface, unlike the pre-impregnated fiberglass blanket, which showed a better grip on the blanket-concrete interface. In the trial of ultrasound there was no presence of cracks in the blanket-concrete interface, yielding to both blankets good compactness of the concrete. At the end of this work, they were developed and proposed two methods of testing for evaluation of reinforced concrete structures with composites, for standardization, the acoustic survey and pull-off

Dimensionamento automático de pilares de betão armado aplicando o método da capacidade real

Dissertação de Mestrado, Engenharia Civil, Especialização em Estruturas, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

Efeitos do tratamento superficial da sílica ativa com soluções de ácidos nítrico e fosfórico em propriedades do concreto

The addition of active silica potentially improves the quality of concrete due to its high reactivity and pore refinement effect. The reactivity of silica is likely related to its charge density. Variations in surface charge alter the reactivity of the material consequently affecting the properties of concrete. The present study aimed at investigating variations in the charge density of silica as a function of acid treatments using nitric or phosphoric acid and different pH values (2.0, 4.0 and 6.0). Effects on concrete properties including slump, mechanical strength, permeability and chloride corrosion were evaluated. To that end, a statistical analysis was carried out and empirical models that correlate studied parameters (pH, acid and cement) with concrete properties were established. The quality of the models was tested by variance analysis. The results revealed that the addition of silica was efficiency in improving the properties of concrete, especially the electrochemical parameters. The addition of silica treated using nitric acid at pH = 4.0 displayed the best cement performance including highest strength, reduced permeability and lowest corrosion current

Estudo de inibidores de corrosão em concreto armado, visando a melhoria na sua durabilidade

This thesis has as objective presents a methodology to evaluate the behavior of the corrosion inhibitors sodium nitrite, sodium dichromate and sodium molybdate, as well as your mixture, the corrosion process for the built-in steel in the reinforced concrete, through different techniques electrochemical, as well as the mechanical properties of that concrete non conventional. The addition of the inhibitors was studied in the concrete in the proportions from 0.5 to 3.5 % regarding the cement mass, isolated or in the mixture, with concrete mixture proportions of 1.0:1.5:2.5 (cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate), superplasticizers 2.0 % and 0.40 water/cement ratio. In the modified concrete resistance rehearsals they were accomplished to the compression, consistence and the absorption of water, while to analyze the built-in steel in the concrete the rehearsals of polarization curves they were made. They were also execute, rehearsals of corrosion potential and polarization resistance with intention of diagnose the beginning of the corrosion of the armors inserted in body-of-proof submitted to an accelerated exhibition in immersion cycle and drying to the air. It was concluded, that among the studied inhibitors sodium nitrite , in the proportion of 2.0 % in relation to the mass of the cement, presented the best capacity of protection of the steel through all the studied techniques and that the methodology and the monitoring techniques used in this work, they were shown appropriate to evaluate the behavior and the efficiency of the inhibitors

Implementación de una fábrica de postes de hormigón armado basada en la creación de valores

Se considera a los postes de hormigón armado un elemento indispensable para la distribución de energía eléctrica, también son parte de nuestro ornamento. Como breve reseñapuedo indicar que la idea del negocio nació, para satisfacer la necesidad de encontrar una fábrica de postes de hormigón que cuente con stock y con entrega oportuna a los clientes ubicados en la zona Austral.Al existir una sola fábrica se generó una escasez del producto, para cubrir la demanda se debe buscar en otras ciudades, lo que encarece el precio del producto debido al incremento del costo del transporte, además seproduce retraso en la construcción de las obras eléctricas. Con este proyecto se analizó la factibilidad de instalaruna fábrica de postes de hormigón armado, se cuantificó la inversión que demandaráempezar la producción y venta de los productos. Se comercializará postes de 10 y 12 metros de longitud, debido a que son los más utilizados en las empresas eléctricas, telefonía, internet y tv cable.