Efeitos de doses de nitrogênio na produção de leite de vacas em pastagem de coast-cross

O objetivo do trabalho consistiu em avaliar os efeitos de três doses de nitrogênio (N), 100, 250 e 400 kg/ha/ano, aplicadas em pastagem de coast-cross (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) sobre a produção de leite em duas lactações de vacas da raça Holandesa. A pastagem foi irrigada na seca e manejada sob pastejo rotativo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdividas (nas parcelas, doses de N; nas subparcelas, fases da lactação), com oito animais por tratamento e duas repetições de área. Os teores de proteína bruta do pasto foram semelhantes (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos. A taxa de lotação da pastagem foi inferior (P<0,05) na menor dose de N. Não foi observada diferença (P>0,05) na produção diária de leite por animal. As produções de leite por área foram mais elevadas (P<0,05) nas duas maiores doses de N. A aplicação de 100 kg/ha/ano de N foi a que proporcionou maior quantidade de leite por quilograma de N.

List of books by Iowa authors : collected by the Auxiliary Committee of the Iowa Commission, Louisiana Purchase Exposition, for the exhibit of books by Iowa authors in the Iowa State Building, St. Louis, 1904

This is a list of Iowa authors that grew out of the efforts of the auxiliary committee of the Iowa Commission of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition to bring together a collection of books by Iowa authors for the Iowa State building at the St. Louis Exposition.

Construcción de un índice de calidad ocupacional (ICO) para el análisis de la inserción profesional de los graduados universitarios = Building an employment quality index (EQI) to analyse graduates’ access to the labour market

En este trabajo se propone la construcción de un índice de calidad ocupacional (ICO) a partir de los datos de la Encuesta de Inserción Laboral de los Graduados de las Universidades Catalanas realizada por la Agencia para la Calidad del Sistema Universitario de Catalunya (AQU), que ha de permitir un mejor análisis de la información que proporciona la encuesta y facilitar su comparación con estudios similares. La encuesta se realiza tres años después de la graduación. En este artículo, se utiliza la segunda encuesta realizada el año 2005 entre 11.456 graduados (52,63%) de la promoción 2001 (AQU, 2005, Serra-Ramoneda, 2007). El índice se ha elaborado a partir de los indicadores objetivos ‘tipo y duración del contrato laboral’, ‘retribución económica’, ‘adecuación entre la formación universitaria y el empleo’ a los que se otorga una puntuación ponderada según las respuestas dadas por los graduados. La suma de las puntuaciones se matiza con un coeficiente derivado del indicador subjetivo ‘satisfacción con el trabajo en general’. A partir de la información proporcionada por el índice, se realiza un análisis comparativo del nivel de calidad ocupacional que han logrado los graduados de áreas de conocimiento, ámbitos de trabajo, ramas de actividad y ubicaciones territoriales del empleo diferentes. Los resultados obtenidos permiten observar que entre los graduados catalanes los siguientes hechos son buenos predictores de la calidad de la ocupación: haber estudiado una carrera que no sea de Humanidades, ser un hombre, haber desempeñado durante la carrera un trabajo relacionado con los estudios, estar ocupado en la construcción, en instituciones financieras o en servicios a empresas, haber tenido algún tipo de movilidad por motivos de trabajo, trabajar fuera de Cataluña y hacerlo en empresas grandes, especialmente con más de 500 trabajadores. Finalmente, se presentan algunas reflexiones y propuestas que pueden resultar de interés para la orientación de los estudiantes y la planificación universitaria

Utilização de gordura protegida durante o terço inicial da lactação de vacas leiteiras em pastagem de coast-cross

O experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o aumento na densidade energética de um concentrado quando se usa uma fonte comercial de gordura protegida, fornecida para vacas da raça Holandesa em pastagem de coast-cross-1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.), durante o terço inicial da lactação. Foram utilizadas 14 vacas, todas no início da lactação e recebendo 9, 6 e 3 kg/vaca/dia de concentrado (23,5% de proteína bruta e 80% de NDT), no terço inicial (até 90 dias), médio (91 a 180 dias) e final (de 181 a 273 dias), respectivamente. Esses animais foram distribuídos, usando blocos casualizados, em dois tratamentos (sete vacas cada) determinados pelo fornecimento ou não de 700 g/vaca/dia da gordura protegida. Usou-se cerca eletrificada para auxiliar no manejo da pastagem, que se baseou em pastejo rotativo, com um dia de ocupação dos piquetes e o período de descanso variando de 25 a 32 dias no verão e no inverno, respectivamente. As produções médias de leite nos três períodos avaliados aumentaram (P<0,05) de 18,4, 15,2 e 13,7 kg/vaca/dia para 21,3, 17,1 e 14,4 kg/vaca/dia, com o suprimento de gordura protegida nos primeiros 90 dias do experimento. A taxa de lotação média das pastagens foi de 4,6 vacas/ha, o que possibilitou produções médias diárias de leite, no decorrer do experimento, de 72,4 kg/ha corrigido para 3,5% de gordura para o tratamento testemunha, e de 80,4 kg/ha com o uso da gordura protegida.

Building a Better Future.... Together, We Can: Iowa's Program and Budget Fiscal Years 2016-2017, January 2015

Governor Terry E. Branstad's FY2016-17 budget report.

Corporate responsibility in the postnational constellation : a multiple-case study

In my thesis I present the findings of a multiple-case study on the CSR approach of three multinational companies, applying Basu and Palazzo's (2008) CSR-character as a process model of sensemaking, Suchman's (1995) framework on legitimation strategies, and Habermas (1996) concept of deliberative democracy. The theoretical framework is based on the assumption of a postnational constellation (Habermas, 2001) which sends multinational companies onto a process of sensemaking (Weick, 1995) with regards to their responsibilities in a globalizing world. The major reason is that mainstream CSR-concepts are based on the assumption of a liberal market economy embedded in a nation state that do not fit the changing conditions for legitimation of corporate behavior in a globalizing world. For the purpose of this study, I primarily looked at two research questions: (i) How can the CSR approach of a multinational corporation be systematized empirically? (ii) What is the impact of the changing conditions in the postnational constellation on the CSR approach of the studied multinational corporations? For the analysis, I adopted a holistic approach (Patton, 1980), combining elements of a deductive and inductive theory building methodology (Eisenhardt, 1989b; Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007; Glaser & Strauss, 1967; Van de Ven, 1992) and rigorous qualitative data analysis. Primary data was collected through 90 semi-structured interviews in two rounds with executives and managers in three multinational companies and their respective stakeholders. Raw data originating from interview tapes, field notes, and contact sheets was processed, stored, and managed using the software program QSR NVIVO 7. In the analysis, I applied qualitative methods to strengthen the interpretative part as well as quantitative methods to identify dominating dimensions and patterns. I found three different coping behaviors that provide insights into the corporate mindset. The results suggest that multinational corporations increasingly turn towards relational approaches of CSR to achieve moral legitimacy in formalized dialogical exchanges with their stakeholders since legitimacy can no longer be derived only from a national framework. I also looked at the degree to which they have reacted to the postnational constellation by the assumption of former state duties and the underlying reasoning. The findings indicate that CSR approaches become increasingly comprehensive through integrating political strategies that reflect the growing (self-) perception of multinational companies as political actors. Based on the results, I developed a model which relates the different dimensions of corporate responsibility to the discussion on deliberative democracy, global governance and social innovation to provide guidance for multinational companies in a postnational world. With my thesis, I contribute to management research by (i) delivering a comprehensive critique of the mainstream CSR-literature and (ii) filling the gap of thorough qualitative research on CSR in a globalizing world using the CSR-character as an empirical device, and (iii) to organizational studies by further advancing a deliberative view of the firm proposed by Scherer and Palazzo (2008).

Building the niche through time: using 13,000 years of data to predict the effects of climate change on three tree species in Europe

Aim Species distribution models (SDMs) based on current species ranges underestimate the potential distribution when projected in time and/or space. A multi-temporal model calibration approach has been suggested as an alternative, and we evaluate this using 13,000 years of data. Location Europe. Methods We used fossil-based records of presence for Picea abies, Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica and six climatic variables for the period 13,000 to 1000yr bp. To measure the contribution of each 1000-year time step to the total niche of each species (the niche measured by pooling all the data), we employed a principal components analysis (PCA) calibrated with data over the entire range of possible climates. Then we projected both the total niche and the partial niches from single time frames into the PCA space, and tested if the partial niches were more similar to the total niche than random. Using an ensemble forecasting approach, we calibrated SDMs for each time frame and for the pooled database. We projected each model to current climate and evaluated the results against current pollen data. We also projected all models into the future. Results Niche similarity between the partial and the total-SDMs was almost always statistically significant and increased through time. SDMs calibrated from single time frames gave different results when projected to current climate, providing evidence of a change in the species realized niches through time. Moreover, they predicted limited climate suitability when compared with the total-SDMs. The same results were obtained when projected to future climates. Main conclusions The realized climatic niche of species differed for current and future climates when SDMs were calibrated considering different past climates. Building the niche as an ensemble through time represents a way forward to a better understanding of a species' range and its ecology in a changing climate.

Opinion impartiale et pacifique, protestation contre le serment civique, et appel à la nation ([Reprod.])

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.564

Voeu de la nation sur la Constitution civile du clergé ([Reprod.])

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.312

Lettre d'un représentant de la nation française à un de ses amis, sur la constitution civile du clergé décrétée par l'Assemblée nationale ([Reprod.]) / [par Jean-Antoine Huguet]

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.51

Building Iowa's Future, Board of Regents Annual Report, 2012

This report is the annual report for the Board of Regents.

Jugement souverain rendu en la Prevoté de l'Hotel contre Antoinette Poussolle, dite La Verne, femme délaissée de Paul Desoches et Barbe Halm, suissesse de nation, convaincues de vols de dentelles et autres nippes, provenant de la garde robe de la Reine

[Acte. 1730-05-03]