Mechanical nociceptive thresholds using four probe configurations in horses

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Factors associated with red blood cell transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants in Brazilian neonatal units

Preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units frequently receive red blood cells (RBC) transfusions due to the anemia of prematurity. A number of variables related to gestational age, severity of illness and transfusion practices adopted in the neonatal unit where the neonate was born may contribute to the prescription of RBC transfusions. This study aimed to analyse the frequency and factors associated with RBC transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. A prospective cohort of 4283 preterm infants (gestational age: 29.9 ± 2.9 weeks; birth weight: 1084 ± 275 g) carried out at 16 university hospitals in Brazil between January 2009 and December 2011 was analysed. Factors associated with RBC transfusions were evaluated using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 2208 (51.6%) infants received RBC transfusions (variation per neonatal unit: 34.1% to 66.4%). RBC transfusions were significantly associated with gestational age (OR: -1.098; 95%CI: -1.12 to -1.04), SNAPPE II score (1.01; 1.00-1.02), apnea (1.69; 1.34-2.14), pulmonary hemorrhage (2.65; 1.74-4.031), need for oxygen at 28 days of life (1.56; 1.17-2.08), clinical sepsis (3.22; 2.55-4.05), necrotising enterocolitis (3.80; 2.26-6.41), grades III/IV intraventricular hemorrhage (1.64; 1.05-2.58), mechanical ventilation (2.27; 1.74-2.97), use of umbilical catheter (1.86; 1.35-2.57), parenteral nutrition (2.06; 1.27-3.33), >60 days of hospitalization (5.29; 4.02-6.95) and the neonatal unit where the neonate was born. The frequency of RBC transfusions varied among neonatal intensive care units. Even after adjusting for adverse health conditions and therapeutic interventions, the neonatal unit continued to influence transfusion practices in very-low birth-weight infants.

Avaliação do significado social, econômico e cultural do tabagismo em mulheres profissionais do sexo

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

Importância das alterações cromossômicas na etiologia da infertilidade

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Supplementation with protected fat to manage gastro-intestinal nematode infection in Santa Ines sheep

This experiment aimed to determine the influence of supplementation with protected fat on nematode infections in periparturient sheep or sheep in their final stage of pregnancy. Fifty Santa Ines ewes received 200 g of concentrate/animal/day, mineral salt and water and were grouped according to their weight, hematocrit and the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). Two diets were used: a control treatment and a treatment consisting of supplementation with 30 g/animal/day of protected fat in the concentrate. Three monthly evaluations were performed over a total of 84 days of testing. The variables analyzed were weight, body condition, EPG and coprocultures; blood tests were performed for the determination of packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration and total plasma protein, and leukograms and eosinophil counts were performed. For weight and hemoglobin concentrations, interactions were observed between diet and collection date (P<0.05); body condition, total plasma protein, packed cell volume and total leukocytes did not differ statistically among treatments (P> 0. 05) but did differ by collection day (P <0.05). The EPG and eosinophil counts did not differ statistically by either diet or collection date (P>0.05). The genus Haemonchus was predominant, followed by the genera Cooperia, Trichostrongylus and Oesophagostomum. The protected fat did not decrease EPG and did not improve the blood parameters of infected sheep.

Correlações entre padrões hematológicos, parasitológicos e desempenho animal de ovelhas suplementadas com gordura protegida

The development of populations of gastrointestinal parasites resistant to antihelmintics has led to seeks new alternatives its control. Stimulation of natural immunity by means of animal nutrition has shown promising results in controlling nematodes in sheep. The addition of protected fat sources, containing essential fatty acids, may be an alternative due to many effects, among them, regulation of immunity expression and regulation of the inflammatory response by immune effectors. The aim of this study was to estimate correlations between haematological and parasitological patterns, animal performance through weight and body condition, under the influence of protected fat in ewes. Fifty Santa Ines sheep, in the final third of pregnancy or postpartum, in paddocks of Panicum maximum, received, individually, 200 g per day of concentrate, isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets, with or without the addition of protected fat. In general, except for total leukocytes and eosinophils, almost all of Pearson correlation coefficients of other variables were significant. However, the protected fat, in the amount offered, had no antihelmintic effect.

Estratégias de enfrentamento em jogadores de futebol

The aim of this study was to identify scores of interest related to coping strategies used by professional and amateur football players. Participants were 134 male football players, 71 professionals (age=22,77±3,98 years) and 63 amateurs (age=17,18±0,84) from three teams participating on the First Division State Championship). The players answered individually to the Coping with Problems Scale. Significance level was P<0.05. When coping strategies were compared based on game position and player category (professional or amateur), lateral player amateurs used more wishful thinking /religious practices (P=0.042) than professionals. Coping Focused Problem was the most used strategy used by both the professionals and amateurs, except the amateur laterais, who used more wishful thinking /religious practices.

Capacidade de força dos membros superiores em competidores de montaria em touros

This study did evaluate the handgrip strength capacity of bull riding practitioners and recreational practitioners in order to obtain parameters of the muscular fitness of subjects undertaken this sports practice. Twenty right-handed subjects were grouped into bull riding athletes (10 individuals at AMT: 174.5 ± 5.2 cm of height, 78.9 ± 12 kg of body weight, 24.7 ± 6.1 years, and 13,8 ± 2.4% for body fat) and non-athletes (10 subjects n-AMR: 178.5 ± 7.3 cm of height, 81.2 ± 8.8kg of body weight, 21.7 ± 2.3 years, and 13.8 ± 1.9% of body fat). They were underwent to protocols of handgrip strength evaluation by a standard and specific dynamometry (simulating a bull riding posture) of right (DPD e DED) e left (DEP e DEE) hands. The dynamic force values from one repetition to maximum test (1RM) were either obtained in conventional load-based system for upper limbs exercises. The values were compared by the test-t for independent data, assuming ρ ≤ 0.05. The relationship between the values of strength from handgrip and dynamic exercises were drawn by Pearson correlation. The results of the AMT to DPD (43.8 ± 6.8kgf), DPE (39.4 ± 7.7kgf), DED (44.9 ± 5.6kgf), and DEE (39.8 ± 8.3kgf). For the n-AMT in DPD (47.0 ± 3.0kgf), DPE (42.2 ± 6.1kgf), DED (49.2 ± 1.5kgf), and DEE (46.2 ± 4.1kgf). Significant difference was observed between DED and DEE. The strength tests of 1RM at bench press (73.2 ± 12.0kg and 82.0 ± 12.0kg), arm-curl (45.2 ± 8.9kg and 43.8 ± 8.9kg), triceps pulley (67.0 ± 6.3kg and 72.0 ± 6.3kg), and pulley (73.5 ± 8.5kg and 73.7 ± 7.5kg) for groups n-AMT and AMT did not showed differences. Correlations were showed between all handgrip tests and elbow flexor force for AMT, and between DPD and elbow extensor, abductor, adductor and extensor of shoulder for n-AMT. influences to the performance of the force dynamometry. It could be concluded that handgrip force and dynamic strength of upper limbs did not were putative responses for bull riding practice.

Análise do chute de bola parada em indivíduos não praticantes de futebol

In the soccer game, the player needs to be ready to attend the outlined requirements in differents extrategic moments. The fundamentals of soccer optimize their participation in a game, however, a correct execution of the movements can ensure their efficiency. From those fundamentals, we highlight the kick executed with the lower limbs characterized mainly by being an appeal of offensive played moving or stopped. Therefore, the objective of this review was to evaluate the kick's ability in the non- practitioners of this modality. Through a descripitive search, the objective followed by the protocol proposed by Mor-Cristian in 1979 was reached. The sample consisted of 48 individuals from both sexes, aged between 19 and 43 years old, students of Physics’ Education of a private University in the State of São Paulo - Brazil. The average of target 01 was 15.92 points, target 02 was 3.83, target 03 showed an average of 4.75 points and the target 04 had the average of 10.33. From the results we can observe that the target 01 have received the highest score over the other arcs. We conclude that the lower arches shown to be more likely to hit compared to the upper arches as being individuals who do not practice soccer.

Perfil antropométrico e força de membros superiores em competidores de montaria em touros

A força de preensão manual tem sido relatada como determinante no desempenho de empunhadura em modalidades como lutas e escalada. Este estudo teve por propósito avaliar a aptidão de força isotônica máxima e de preensão manual em praticantes e não praticantes de montaria em touros, a fim de obter parâmetros de referência desta população. Foram avaliados 20 sujeitos em dois grupos, sendo 10 classificados como atletas de montaria e 10 não-atletas. A avaliação da força de preensão manual foi realizada em dinamômetro em posição convencional (DP) e específica (DE), com ambas as mãos (D e E). A força isotônica máxima foi determinada pelo teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM) e também foram obtidas medidas de circunferência dos segmentos, bem como a composição corporal por protocolo de dobras cutâneas. Os valores das variáveis foram comparados pelo teste-t (ρ ≤ 0,05) para dados independentes. As relações entre os valores de força e características antropométricas foram traçadas pelo coeficiente de Pearson. Os resultados para AMT em DPD (43.8±6.8 kgf), DPE (39.4±7.7 kgf), DED (44.9±5.6 kgf) e DEE (39.8±8.3 kgf) comparados aos apresentados por n-AMT em DPD (47.0±3.0 kgf), DPE (42.2±6.1 kgf), DED (49.2±1.5 kgf) e DEE (46.2±4.1 kgf) apresentaram diferenças apenas para DED e DEE. A força nos testes de 1RM (supino reto: 73.2±12.0 kg e 82.0±12.0 kg; rosca direta: 45.2±8.9 kg e 43.8±8.9 kg; tríceps pulley: 67.0±6.3 kg e 72.0±6.3 kg; e puxada posterior: 73.5±8.5 kg e 73.7±7.5 kg) não mostram diferenças entre os grupos. A influência sobre a dinamometria apresenta-se diferente entre os grupos, sendo relevante a força de flexão do cotovelo em AMT e a antropometria e força isotônica para n-AMT. Conclui-se que as características morfo-funcionais de membros superiores não demandam especificidade à montaria em touros.

Relationships between company size, types of production system and supply chain management: evidence from electro-electronics sector in Brazil

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how company size and the type of production system affect the adoption of supply chain management (SCM) practices in companies in the electro‐electronics sector in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach – An e‐mail survey of 107 companies associated with the Brazilian Electrical and Electronics Industry Association (ABINEE) was conducted. Statistical techniques were employed to verify the adoption of SCM practices according to the size of the company and its production system. Findings – The major results indicate that the larger the size of the company, the higher the level of adoption of SCM practices, and that the choice of SCM practices depends upon the type of production system implemented. Practical implications – The implications of this study are useful to top management leaders of small and medium‐sized enterprises since the findings enable them to identify the most common practices adopted by either large‐, medium‐ or small‐sized companies in order to benchmark the level of adoption of SCM practices. Production managers can also benefit from this study by identifying the SCM practices that may support certain production systems.

Anthropometric profile and upper-limbs strength of bull rider s competitors

A força de preensão manual tem sido relatada como determinante no desempenho de empunhadura em modalidades como lutas e escalada. Este estudo teve por propósito avaliar a aptidão de força isotônica máxima e de preensão manual em praticantes e não praticantes de montaria em touros, a fim de obter parâmetros de referência desta população. Foram avaliados 20 sujeitos em dois grupos, sendo 10 classificados como atletas de montaria e 10 não-atletas. A avaliação da força de preensão manual foi realizada em dinamômetro em posição convencional (DP) e específica (DE), com ambas as mãos (D e E). A força isotônica máxima foi determinada pelo teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM) e também foram obtidas medidas de circunferência dos segmentos, bem como a composição corporal por protocolo de dobras cutâneas. Os valores das variáveis foram comparados pelo teste-t (ρ ≤ 0,05) para dados independentes. As relações entre os valores de força e características antropométricas foram traçadas pelo coeficiente de Pearson. Os resultados para AMT em DPD (43.8±6.8 kgf), DPE (39.4±7.7 kgf), DED (44.9±5.6 kgf) e DEE (39.8±8.3 kgf) comparados aos apresentados por n-AMT em DPD (47.0±3.0 kgf), DPE (42.2±6.1 kgf), DED (49.2±1.5 kgf) e DEE (46.2±4.1 kgf) apresentaram diferenças apenas para DED e DEE. A força nos testes de 1RM (supino reto: 73.2±12.0 kg e 82.0±12.0 kg; rosca direta: 45.2±8.9 kg e 43.8±8.9 kg; tríceps pulley: 67.0±6.3 kg e 72.0±6.3 kg; e puxada posterior: 73.5±8.5 kg e 73.7±7.5 kg) não mostram diferenças entre os grupos. A influência sobre a dinamometria apresenta-se diferente entre os grupos, sendo relevante a força de flexão do cotovelo em AMT e a antropometria e força isotônica para n-AMT. Conclui-se que as características morfo-funcionais de membros superiores não demandam especificidade à montaria em touros.

Suplementação nutricional, pretensões e custo entre jovens do interior e litoral paulista experiêntes em treinamento resistido

Objective and closed questions were applied to 15 - 21 years old individuals under regular resistance exercise practice and self-reported nutritional supplements users, approaching training practices, type of substance feed and socioeconomic characteristics. The data were treated by frequency around the mean value. Major difference was observed to the goal of improvement in physical fitness (Guaruja 21% and Bauru 9.6%), close to the muscle hypertrophic enhancements (Guaruja 22% and Bauru 19.2%), and health proposes (17.3%), which was only reported in the country city. The monthly employment with supplements was observed to be close to one hundred Real, in both regions (Guaruja 79% and Bauru 80%). Even, based on different purposes, the supplements feed practice was closed to the goals, showing a reliable referential of use, but done without appropriated professional care.

Avaliação do perfil antropometrico e de força de jovens jogadores de polo-aquatico

Twelve athletes (13,9±1,1 years, 169,0±6,0 cm and 59,5±13,5 kg ofbody weight) were under went to anthropometric and body compositionassessments, and maximum concentric strength of lower limbs. The jumptest in the water was done by ‘boost’ and scaled to jump height. The resultsof strength (Leg Press 45: 157,1±43,3 kg; Leg Extension: 72,1±12,9 kg),anthropometry (circumferences of arm: 26,0±3,3 cm; thigh: 50,5±7,7 cm;shoulder: 96,0±8,0 cm, and diameter of elbow: 4,7±0,5 cm; wrist: 3,2±0,3cm; knee: 7,9±0,6 cm; bi-acromial: 37,5±3,8 cm; and bi-iliac: 25,4±4,3cm), BMI (20,7±4,0 kg/m²), and body composition (fat: 8,5±4,3%) were notrelated to the values of vertical jump performance (47,80 ? 4,35 cm), as didshowed for body height (0,595). Thus, athletes height was one able to influencethe jump performance by modifying it self, perhaps by maturity.