911 resultados para Japan. Kokkai
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Some of the plates are chromolithographs, photoaquatints or carbon prints.
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After the electoral reform in 1994, Japan saw a gradual evolution from a multi-party system toward a two-party system over the course of five House of Representatives election cycles. In contrast, after Taiwan’s constitutional amendment in 2005, a two-party system emerged in the first post-reform legislative election in 2008. Critically, however, Taiwan’s president is directly elected while Japans prime minister is indirectly elected. The contributors conclude that the higher the payoffs of holding the executive office and the greater degree of cross-district coordination required to win it, the stronger the incentives for elites to form and stay in the major parties. In such a context, a country will move rapidly toward a two-party system. In Part II, the contributors apply this theoretical logic to other countries with mixed-member systems to demonstrate its generality. They find the effect of executive competition on legislative electoral rules in countries as disparate as Thailand, the Philippines, New Zealand, Bolivia, and Russia. The findings presented in this book have important implications for political reform. Often, reformers are motivated by high hopes of solving some political problems and enhancing the quality of democracy. But, as this group of scholars demonstrates, electoral reform alone is not a panacea. Whether and to what extent it achieves the advocated goals depends not only on the specification of new electoral rules per se but also on the political context—and especially the constitutional framework—within which such rules are embedded.
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On t.p.: Aftryckt efter den nu mera afledne författarens egen handskrift.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Includes index.
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Includes bibliography.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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His majesty the Emperor of Japan -- Prince Tokugawa Keiki, the last of the Shoguns -- Fujita Toko -- Sakuma Shuri (otherwise Shozan) -- Yoshida Torajiro (otherwise Sho-in) -- Marquis Ito -- Prince Iwakura Tomomi -- Prince Sanjo Sanetomi -- Count Inouye Kaoru -- Viscount Okubo Toshimichi -- Count Gogo Shojiro -- Marshal Saigo Takamori -- Field-marshal Marquis Yamagata -- Count Okuma Shigenobu -- Field-marshal Marquis Oyama -- Fukusawa Yukichi -- Marquis Kido Koin -- Count Itagaki -- Count Matsukata Masoyoshi -- Admiral Viscount Enomoto -- Admiral Togo Heigachi -- Baron Eichi Shibusawa.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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"Die 1. Aufl. erschien als Band XI der Arbeiten des Kunsthistorischen Institutes der Wiener Universität."
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Mode of access: Internet.
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"List of publications consulted and quoted from": p. 150.
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Mode of access: Internet.