Synthesis of organometallic Ruthenium(II) complexes with strong activity against several human canceer cell lines

A new family of "RuCp" (Cp=eta(5)-C5H5) derivatives with bidentate N,O and N,N'-heteroaromatic ligands revealed outstanding cytotoxic properties against several human cell lines namely, A2780, A2780CisR, HT29, MCF7, MDAMB231, and PD. IC50 values were much lower than those found for cisplatin. Crystal structure of compound 4 was determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed for compound 1 showed electronic flow from the ruthenium center to the coordinated bidentate ligand, in agreement with the electrochemical studies and the existence of a metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) band evidenced by spectroscopic data.

The effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on child morbidity in the State in Bahia, Brazil: II — Analysis at the individual level

The present investigation was carried out on a sample of 840 children (5 to 16 years old) from ten small towns of the State of Bahia in northeastern Brazil. The objetive was to study, by using a cross sectional methodology, the evolution of schistosomiasis morbidity (hepatic and splenic enlargement) in children, and the role of the intensity of S. mansoni infection in this process. The children were analised in three age groups (5 to 8, to 12 and 13 to 16 years old) and classified as uninfected, mildly infected, moderately infected and heavily infected according to the number of eggs in the stool. In children aged 5 to 8 years, increasing egg counts were not associated with increasing frequencies of hepatic or splenic enlargement. In the 9 to 12 years old group and association was observed with the prevalence of hepatic enlargement, but not with the prevalence of spleen enlargement. In the oldest group, 13 to 16 years old, an association was observed with the prevalence of enlargement of both organs. It was evident that in this population schistosomiasis morbidity develops in the early period of life as a gradual process starting with liver enlargement and followed by spleen enlargement some years later. It was found that the intensity of infection has a fundamental role in this process, although there is a latent period of some years before clinical splenomegaly appears in moderate-heavily infected children. The Authors suggest that the prevalence of splenomegaly in the 13 to 16 years old group is a good measure of the community level of schistosomiasis morbidity and could be used to measure the impact of control programs.

Part I : Comparing derivatization methods for amino acids – one and two-step procedures using gas chromatography – flame ion detector (GC-FID) Part II: Story of an icon from its execution until its conservation

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro

Avaliação de antígenos do trypanosoma cruzi para a reação de hemaglutinação indireta: II. Antígenos de diferentes amostras e formas evolutivas

Para aprimorar a sensibilidade e a especificidade da reação de hemaglutina-ção indireta no diagnóstico da doença de Chagas, foram utilizados eritrocitos sensibilizados com antígeno de epimastigotas de diferentes amostras (clones Al.7, B12, Cl e cepas D150 e Y), de tripomastigotas metacíclicos de cultura (TMC) e de tri-pomastigotas de cultura de células (TCC) do Trypanosoma cruzi. Foram titulados 132 soros de indivíduos chagásicos e 161 soros de não chagásicos, diagnosticados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), considerada como reação de referência no cálculo dos índices de co-positividade (i.c.p.), co-negatividade (i.c.n.) e concordância. Utilizando o título discriminante (T.D.) de 1:40, os antígenos da cepa Y e do clone B12 apresentaram valores elevados para os três índices calculados, indicando boa sensibilidade e especificidade em relação à RIFI. Os antígenos dos clones Al .7 e Cl apresentaram baixa especificidade considerando o T.D. de 1:40, mas ocorreu um aumento acentuado para o i.c.n. considerando o T.D. de 1:80, indicando um aumento de especificidade relativa sem alteração significativa da sensibilidade relativa. Com os antígenos T.M.C, e T.C.C, foram observados títulos mais baixos e valores menores para o i.c.p., indicando pouca sensibilidade em relação à RIFI.

Passive haemagglutination test for human neurocysticercosis immunodiagnosis: II - Comparison of two standardized procedures for the passive haemagglutination reagent in the detection of anti-Cysticercus cellulosae antibodies in cerebrospinal fluids

A comparison of two different standardized reagent procedures for the passive haemagglutination test (PHA) in the detection of specific antibody to Cysticercus cellulosae in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was carried out. The formaldehyde-treated group O Rh-human red blood cells (HuRBC) and glutaraldehyde-treated sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were the supplies for the reagents preparation and, in the tests, they were designated as PHA-1 and PHA-2, respectively. For both reagents the cells were coated with the cysticerci total saline extract (TS) antigen. PHA-1 and PHA-2 were assessed in a total of 204 CSF from patients with neurocysticercosis, from non-related infections and from healthy individuals. The positivity and specificity indices obtained were respectively 81.7% and 94.4% for PHA-1 and for PHA-2, 88.7% and 96.6%. Since no significant differences were observed between the results provided by two reagents, at level of significance of 0.05, either processes of cell sensitization can alternatively be used according to the own laboratory convenience.

Indicadores das condições nutricionais na região do polonoroeste: II. Estudo antropométrico - 1983

Realizou-se o estudo do estado nutricional através da antropometria com o objetivo de descrever a prevalência e a forma da Desnutrição Protéico-Energética em seis cidades da região do Polonoroeste. O exame antropométrico foi aplicado em um grupo de 573 crianças de 3 a 72 meses de idade, de ambos os sexos. Para o tratamento dos dados coletados utilizou-se as classificações propostas por GOMEZ e por WATERLOW, sendo ainda realizada a distribuição do peso e a altura por faixas de percentis. A prevalência de desnutrição encontrada, segundo a classificação de GOMEZ, foi de 51,0%, sendo que o maior percentual foi constatado na cidade de Jauru (79,2%) e o menor na cidade de Araputanga (31,3%). Quanto à forma de desnutrição a de maior prevalência foi a desnutrição pregressa, mostrando com isso um comprometimento acentuado da estatura, confirmado através da distribuição por percentis.

Immunopathology of human schistosomiasis mansoni: II. NK activity and stimulation by specific antigen

Sixteen S. mansoni infected and untreated patients (5 with recent infection and 11 with chronic disease) were evaluated for their in vitro natural killer (NK) activity against the NK sensitive target K562 cell line. NK levels in 9 out of 11 patients (82%) with chronic disease were significantly lower (mean = 15 ± 6%),compared with patients recently infected (mean = 41 ± 9% p < 0.001) and with the control group (mean = 38 ± 13% p < 0.001). However, both patients and controls NK activity was stimulated by soluble adult worm antigens (SAWA), indicating that NK function even in the chronic stage of the infection is able to respond to the parasite antigens. These results suggest the possibility of NK cell participation as effector mechanism against S. mansoni.

Análise do uso da energia na FCT-UNL (edifícios II, VII, VIII, IX e X) e estudo dos comportamentos relativos ao uso da energia

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente, perfil Gestão e Sistemas Ambientais

Deep crustal structure across a young passive margin from wide-angle and reflection seismic data (The Sardinia Experiment) - II. Sardinia's margin

Geophysical data acquired on the conjugate margins system of the Gulf of Lion and West Sardinia (GLWS) is unique in its ability to address fundamental questions about rifting (i.e. crustal thinning, the nature of the continent-ocean transition zone, the style of rifting and subsequent evolution, and the connection between deep and surface processes). While the Gulf of Lion (GoL) was the site of several deep seismic experiments, which occurred before the SARDINIA Experiment (ESP and ECORS Experiments in 1981 and 1988 respectively), the crustal structure of the West Sardinia margin remains unknown. This paper describes the first modeling of wide-angle and near-vertical reflection multi-channel seismic (MCS) profiles crossing the West Sardinia margin, in the Mediterranean Sea. The profiles were acquired, together with the exact conjugate of the profiles crossing the GoL, during the SARDINIA experiment in December 2006 with the French R/V L'Atalante. Forward wide-angle modeling of both data sets (wide-angle and multi-channel seismic) confirms that the margin is characterized by three distinct domains following the onshore unthinned, 26 km-thick continental crust : Domain V, where the crust thins from 26 to 6 km in a width of about 75 km; Domain IV where the basement is characterized by high velocity gradients and lower crustal seismic velocities from 6.8 to 7.25 km/s, which are atypical for either crustal or upper mantle material, and Domain III composed of "atypical" oceanic crust.The structure observed on the West Sardinian margin presents a distribution of seismic velocities that is symmetrical with those observed on the Gulf of Lion's side, except for the dimension of each domain and with respect to the initiation of seafloor spreading. This result does not support the hypothesis of simple shear mechanism operating along a lithospheric detachment during the formation of the Liguro-Provencal basin.

Avaliação do II Curso de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal: um estudo de caso

Os cursos de especialização em Saúde Pública atualmente existentes entre nós, com seu formato diferencial de curta duração e alta abrangência, constituem uma realidade recente em nosso país, contando com pouco mais de dez anos. No Distrito Federal, realizaram-se nove deles, dos quais seis com a atuação diretiva e docente dos autores. Com vistas a incorporar tal experiência acumulada como contribuição para com futuras iniciativas a respeito, apresentam-se os resultados obtidos com avaliação terminal procedida em um deles, executada segundo o modelo atualmente recomendado pela Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Foi ela aplicada em amostra randômica de alunos, docentes e coordenadores, na busca de identificação de apreciações positivas e negativas, sobretudo dos aspectos operacional, administrativo, metodológico e institucional do mesmo. Em meio a percepções e formulações heterogêneas e pluralistas, obtiveram maiores freqüências em suas respectivas distribuições, por um lado, a adequação do trabalho de campo, baseado na utilização de quatro regionais, acompanhadas pelos alunos após cada área temática e, por outro, a preocupação para com a fragilidade de decisão institucional quanto a oferta e manutenção do curso, bem como quanto ao aproveitamento dos egressos para consolidação do sistema de saúde do Distrito Federal. Tais aspectos merecem, ao final, destacada discussão.

Contributions to the Eocene palaeontology and stratigraphy of Beira Alta, Portugal II - New Late Eocene mammalian remnants from Coja (Portugal) and the presence of Palaeotherium magnum Cuvier

The presence of Palaeotherium magnum in the fauna from Coja is recorded. It is well in agreement with the earlier reporting to the Montmartre level from the Ludian stage. Field data as well as compatibility with the remaining taxa and the identical fossilization of all the specimens indicate that all the vertebrate fossils come from the same horizon in the lithostratigraphic unit "Arcoses de Côja".

Non-colorectal intestinal tract carcinomas in inflammatory bowel disease: results of the 3rd ECCO Pathogenesis Scientific Workshop (II)

Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have an excess risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers. Much work has focused on colon cancer in IBD patients, but comparatively less is known about other more rare cancers. The European Crohn's and Colitis Organization established a pathogenesis workshop to review what is known about these cancers and formulate proposals for future studies to address the most important knowledge gaps. This article reviews the current state of knowledge about small bowel adenocarcinoma, ileo-anal pouch and rectal cuff cancer, and anal/perianal fistula cancers in IBD patients.

Catalytic activity of a benzoyl hydrazone based dimeric dicopper(II) complex in catechol and alcohol oxidation reactions

The benzoyl hydrazone based dimeric dicopper(II) complex [Cu2(R)(CH3O)(NO3)]2(CH3O)2 (R-Cu2+), recently reported by us, catalyzes the aerobic oxidation of catechols (catechol (S1), 3,5- itertiarybutylcatechol (S2) and 3-nitrocatechol (S3)) to the corresponding quinones (catecholase like activity), as shown by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy in methanol/HEPES buffer (pH 8.2) medium at 25 C. The highest activity is observed for the substituted catechol (S2) with the electron donor tertiary butyl group, resulting in a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 1.13 103 h1. The complex R-Cu2+ also exhibits a good catalytic activity in the oxidation (without added solvent) of 1-phenylethanol to acetophenone by But OOH under low power (10 W) microwave (MW) irradiation. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane with hydrogen peroxide and a tetracopper(II) complex in an ionic liquid

The catalytic peroxidative oxidation (with H2O2) of cyclohexane in an ionic liquid (IL) using the tetracopper(II) complex [(CuL)2(μ4-O,O′,O′′,O′′′-CDC)]2·2H2O [HL = 2-(2-pyridylmethyleneamino)benzenesulfonic acid, CDC = cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate] as a catalyst is reported. Significant improvements on the catalytic performance, in terms of product yield (up to 36%), TON (up to 529), reaction time, selectivity towards cyclohexanone and easy recycling (negligible loss in activity after three consecutive runs), are observed using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as the chosen IL instead of a molecular organic solvent including the commonly used acetonitrile. The catalytic behaviors in the IL and in different molecular solvents are discussed.