Movilidad de personas, transporte urbano y desarrollo sostenible en Santiago de Cali, Colombia

La investigación presenta una propuesta para la solución integral de los problemas del transporte urbano en Santiago de Cali, una ciudad con 2.3 millones de habitantes en el sur-occidente de Colombia, aplicando criterios del desarrollo sostenible. Una parte importante de la solución integral del transporte urbano es la propuesta novedosa para crear condiciones para la movilidad segura de peatones y ciclistas en toda la ciudad. El autor propone la redistribución del espacio publico que no sólo incluye los andenes, plazas y parques, sino tambien los carriles para el tráfico motorizado: uno de dos carriles de las vias ya construidas - por lo menos 4 de los 7 metros de la calle - es para el uso de peatones y ciclistas que son protegidos del tráfico vehicular motorizado por materas con plantas y flores. Las medidas para peatones y ciclistas se complementan con la creación de una amplia zona peatonal que incluye un espacio organizado para los trabajos del sector informal de la economia. Para el transporte publico colectivo propone el autor una solución con la tecnologia de los buses de piso bajo como alternativa a los buses y estaciones de plataforma alta usados en el modelo de TransMilenio en la capital colombiana Bogotá. Los buses de piso bajo permiten la creación de un sistema de transporte publico colectivo mucho mas eficiente y rápido, económico para los pasajeros y a costos de menos de diez porciento de la solución de Bogotá. La solución integral del transporte urbano se complementa con una reforma del transporte en taxis y con medidas para reducir el uso de los vehiculos particulares. La solución integral es justificada en cada una de sus medidas aplicando criterios ambientales, sociales, psicológicos, económicos, financieros y culturales del desarrollo sostenible. Se presentan los indicadores que permiten evaluar la situación y los posibles efectos de los cambios propuestos para lograr la sostenibilidad en el transporte urbano en Santiago de Cali. Los resultados de la investigación se pueden aplicar tambien en otras ciudades (de Colombia).

Large-Size AlGaN/GaN HEMT Large-Signal Electrothermal Characterization and Modeling for Wireless Digital Communications

The rapid growth in high data rate communication systems has introduced new high spectral efficient modulation techniques and standards such as LTE-A (long term evolution-advanced) for 4G (4th generation) systems. These techniques have provided a broader bandwidth but introduced high peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) problem at the high power amplifier (HPA) level of the communication system base transceiver station (BTS). To avoid spectral spreading due to high PAR, stringent requirement on linearity is needed which brings the HPA to operate at large back-off power at the expense of power efficiency. Consequently, high power devices are fundamental in HPAs for high linearity and efficiency. Recent development in wide bandgap power devices, in particular AlGaN/GaN HEMT, has offered higher power level with superior linearity-efficiency trade-off in microwaves communication. For cost-effective HPA design to production cycle, rigorous computer aided design (CAD) AlGaN/GaN HEMT models are essential to reflect real response with increasing power level and channel temperature. Therefore, large-size AlGaN/GaN HEMT large-signal electrothermal modeling procedure is proposed. The HEMT structure analysis, characterization, data processing, model extraction and model implementation phases have been covered in this thesis including trapping and self-heating dispersion accounting for nonlinear drain current collapse. The small-signal model is extracted using the 22-element modeling procedure developed in our department. The intrinsic large-signal model is deeply investigated in conjunction with linearity prediction. The accuracy of the nonlinear drain current has been enhanced through several issues such as trapping and self-heating characterization. Also, the HEMT structure thermal profile has been investigated and corresponding thermal resistance has been extracted through thermal simulation and chuck-controlled temperature pulsed I(V) and static DC measurements. Higher-order equivalent thermal model is extracted and implemented in the HEMT large-signal model to accurately estimate instantaneous channel temperature. Moreover, trapping and self-heating transients has been characterized through transient measurements. The obtained time constants are represented by equivalent sub-circuits and integrated in the nonlinear drain current implementation to account for complex communication signals dynamic prediction. The obtained verification of this table-based large-size large-signal electrothermal model implementation has illustrated high accuracy in terms of output power, gain, efficiency and nonlinearity prediction with respect to standard large-signal test signals.

The prediction of seasonal and inter-annual climate variations and their impacts on the water resources in the eastern seaboard of Thailand

The research of this thesis dissertation covers developments and applications of short-and long-term climate predictions. The short-term prediction emphasizes monthly and seasonal climate, i.e. forecasting from up to the next month over a season to up to a year or so. The long-term predictions pertain to the analysis of inter-annual- and decadal climate variations over the whole 21st century. These two climate prediction methods are validated and applied in the study area, namely, Khlong Yai (KY) water basin located in the eastern seaboard of Thailand which is a major industrial zone of the country and which has been suffering from severe drought and water shortage in recent years. Since water resources are essential for the further industrial development in this region, a thorough analysis of the potential climate change with its subsequent impact on the water supply in the area is at the heart of this thesis research. The short-term forecast of the next-season climate, such as temperatures and rainfall, offers a potential general guideline for water management and reservoir operation. To that avail, statistical models based on autoregressive techniques, i.e., AR-, ARIMA- and ARIMAex-, which includes additional external regressors, and multiple linear regression- (MLR) models, are developed and applied in the study region. Teleconnections between ocean states and the local climate are investigated and used as extra external predictors in the ARIMAex- and the MLR-model and shown to enhance the accuracy of the short-term predictions significantly. However, as the ocean state – local climate teleconnective relationships provide only a one- to four-month ahead lead time, the ocean state indices can support only a one-season-ahead forecast. Hence, GCM- climate predictors are also suggested as an additional predictor-set for a more reliable and somewhat longer short-term forecast. For the preparation of “pre-warning” information for up-coming possible future climate change with potential adverse hydrological impacts in the study region, the long-term climate prediction methodology is applied. The latter is based on the downscaling of climate predictions from several single- and multi-domain GCMs, using the two well-known downscaling methods SDSM and LARS-WG and a newly developed MLR-downscaling technique that allows the incorporation of a multitude of monthly or daily climate predictors from one- or several (multi-domain) parent GCMs. The numerous downscaling experiments indicate that the MLR- method is more accurate than SDSM and LARS-WG in predicting the recent past 20th-century (1971-2000) long-term monthly climate in the region. The MLR-model is, consequently, then employed to downscale 21st-century GCM- climate predictions under SRES-scenarios A1B, A2 and B1. However, since the hydrological watershed model requires daily-scale climate input data, a new stochastic daily climate generator is developed to rescale monthly observed or predicted climate series to daily series, while adhering to the statistical and geospatial distributional attributes of observed (past) daily climate series in the calibration phase. Employing this daily climate generator, 30 realizations of future daily climate series from downscaled monthly GCM-climate predictor sets are produced and used as input in the SWAT- distributed watershed model, to simulate future streamflow and other hydrological water budget components in the study region in a multi-realization manner. In addition to a general examination of the future changes of the hydrological regime in the KY-basin, potential future changes of the water budgets of three main reservoirs in the basin are analysed, as these are a major source of water supply in the study region. The results of the long-term 21st-century downscaled climate predictions provide evidence that, compared with the past 20th-reference period, the future climate in the study area will be more extreme, particularly, for SRES A1B. Thus, the temperatures will be higher and exhibit larger fluctuations. Although the future intensity of the rainfall is nearly constant, its spatial distribution across the region is partially changing. There is further evidence that the sequential rainfall occurrence will be decreased, so that short periods of high intensities will be followed by longer dry spells. This change in the sequential rainfall pattern will also lead to seasonal reductions of the streamflow and seasonal changes (decreases) of the water storage in the reservoirs. In any case, these predicted future climate changes with their hydrological impacts should encourage water planner and policy makers to develop adaptation strategies to properly handle the future water supply in this area, following the guidelines suggested in this study.

Generating Communications Systems Through Shared Context

In a distributed model of intelligence, peer components need to communicate with one another. I present a system which enables two agents connected by a thick twisted bundle of wires to bootstrap a simple communication system from observations of a shared environment. The agents learn a large vocabulary of symbols, as well as inflections on those symbols which allow thematic role-frames to be transmitted. Language acquisition time is rapid and linear in the number of symbols and inflections. The final communication system is robust and performance degrades gradually in the face of problems.

Optimizing the Dynamic Distribution of Data-stream for High Speed Communications

The performances of high-speed network communications frequently rest with the distribution of data-stream. In this paper, a dynamic data-stream balancing architecture based on link information is introduced and discussed firstly. Then the algorithms for simultaneously acquiring the passing nodes and links of a path between any two source-destination nodes rapidly, as well as a dynamic data-stream distribution planning are proposed. Some related topics such as data fragment disposal, fair service, etc. are further studied and discussed. Besides, the performance and efficiency of proposed algorithms, especially for fair service and convergence, are evaluated through a demonstration with regard to the rate of bandwidth utilization. Hoping the discussion presented here can be helpful to application developers in selecting an effective strategy for planning the distribution of data-stream.

Gu??a de recursos en educaci??n intercultural

Resumen basado en la publicaci??n

Estudio sobre las inteligencias inter-e intrapersonales como instrumentos de desarrollo de la disposición a comunicarse en el aula de inglés.

Saber si a través de un programa que potencie el uso de actividades relacionadas con las inteligencias intra e interpersonales, aumenta la disposición a comunicarse en inglés de alumnos españoles estudiantes de inglés del primer curso de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, y si de alguna forma mejora la inteligencia emocional de éstos. La falta de investigación sobre la relación que existe entre la competencia emocional del alumnado y su disposición a comunicarse en un idioma extranjero en clase, unido a la evidencia de la falta de prácticas orales reales dentro del aula, ayudaron a formular las siguientes preguntas de investigación que han guiado el presente estudio: 1.¿Facilita la instrucción de la inteligencia emocional la disposición a comunicarse del alumnado? 2.¿Tiene el tratamiento en competencia emocional incidencia sobre el interés de los alumnos en la lengua meta? 3.¿Aumenta la competencia emocional del alumnado tras el tratamiento?. Plantea un diseño experimental se realiza con alumnos de dos cursos de primero de E.S.O, y en el centro privado concertado con mayor población infantil y juvenil de la provincia de Huelva (excluida la capital) con dos grupos, control y experimenta. De esta forma se cuenta al principio de la investigación con una variada muestra de población (60 alumnos) de distintas zonas geográficas y diferentes entornos educativos. El grupo experimental estaba formado por 16 niñas y 14 niños, no siendo ninguno de ellos alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales, aunque sí había tres alumnos que necesitaban refuerzos educativos en algunas áreas (matemáticas, lengua e inglés). El grupo control estaba formado por 15 niñas y 15 niños, y cuatro alumnos necesitaban igualmente refuerzo educativo. El grupo experimental contaba con 11 alumnos procedentes del mismo centro escolar, 4 alumnos de distintas poblaciones y 6 procedentes de la misma población pero de otros centros escolares de primaria. El grupo control contaba con 11 alumnos procedentes del mismo centro escolar, 4 alumnos de distintas poblaciones y 6 procedentes de otros centros de primaria, con lo que la variedad de la muestra está garantizada. Se utilizan procedimientos de recogida de datos con un nivel alto de detalle: cuestionarios para obtener información específica y la escala que mide la disposición a comunicarse del alumnado. Por otro lado, se emplean otros procedimientos con un bajo nivel de detalle en cuanto a la información que recogen: observación directa de la profesora y entrevistas informales recogidas en las fichas de seguimiento de las actividades. Son muchas más las actividades que podrían haberse planteado en este estudio y que se podrían llevar a cabo en cualquier clase de secundaria. Sólo haría falta un profesor capaz de confiar plenamente en el rendimiento académico y afectivo de sus alumnos y sobre todo capaz de originar en el aula un clima de aceptación y tolerancia. Creer que todo alumno es capaz de aprender es empezar a proporcionarle los medios para hacerlo. Los esquemas y programas diseñados en la escuela de la segunda década del siglo XXI para los adolescentes no deberían ser configurados sólo y exclusivamente por las exigencias de los estudios posteriores, tal y como sucede, sino que principalmente deberían ayudar a los alumnos a transformar su educación en un proceso evolutivo que haga frente a sus necesidades sociales, personales, físicas e intelectuales. Se podría continuar con tratamientos similares, en cursos superiores de la Educación Secundaria, y ver qué consecuencias tiene en un alumnado de más edad. El mayor reto educativo de los docentes es tratar de desarrollar en el alumnado aquellas capacidades que no lo estén y el presente estudio abre nuevas vías de investigación para desarrollar en el alumnado las habilidades necesarias para empezar a comunicarse en un segundo idioma, para favorecer el trabajo colaborativo en el aula y para mejorar y ampliar su competencia emocional.

Test de favoritismo endogrupal inter??tnico adaptado al modelo ampliado de aculturaci??n relativa : fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Educació intercultural : un repte educatiu per al segle XXI. 'Educación inter-cultural : un reto educativo para el siglo XXI'.

La educación inter-cultural es la respuesta al fenómeno socioeducativo de la multiculturalidad. Es la respuesta pedagógica a la necesidad de preparar los futuros ciudadanos para vivir en una sociedad realmente multicultural e idealmente intercultural.

Lecture on Carrier Communications Simulation

Discusses the influence of Nyquist sampling theory on carrier communication simulations.

Assignment on Carrier Communications Simulation

Simulation of AM, QAM, complex QAM, 4QAM and 16QAM carrier communication schemes in Matlab.

Privacy and Electronic Communications

slides for a class which explores professional, ethical and legal issues surround the use, storage and transmission of electronic communications and data. Follows on from previous class which looked in greater detail at the Data Protection Act

How to make an inter library loan request

The guide takes you through the various steps required to request a book, journal article, conference paper, thesis or other documents that the library does not hold in stock.

University of Southampton Inter-Library Loan (ILL) Form

A form for obtaining material from other libraries or institutions. Any type of material included.

MANG6242 DIGITAL MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS

Tutor message about the module & Module Profile to help inform you about this option module. Please contact Dr Julia Wolny if you have any further questions about the module before selection on J.Wolny@soton.ac.uk