Le système d'information dirigeant des Hospices: conception générale

[Table des matières] 1. Introduction. 2. Structure (introduction, hiérarchie). 3. Processus (généralités, flux de clientèle, flux d'activité, flux de ressources, aspects temporels, aspects comptables). 4. Descripteurs (qualification, quantification). 5. Indicateurs (définitions, productivité, pertinence, adéquation, efficacité, effectivité, efficience, standards). 6. Bibliographie.

Estudi comparatiu de factors d’incidència en el temps d’estada d’infants i adolescents en diversos centres residencials d’acció educativa (CRAE)

L’estudi es proposa saber si hi ha factors individuals dels infants i adolescents, factors familiars i/o de l’entorn que incideixen en el temps d’estada d’un infant o adolescent en un CRAE. L’estudi també es proposa analitzar els factors institucionals per saber si aquests poden explicar el temps d’estada dels menors en un centre. La mostra, extreta de la base de dades de la Direcció General de la Infància i l’Adolescència, és de 350 individus, amb un internament mitjà de 491 dies, que s’incrementa per cada any d’edat de l’infant en 47 dies. Els resultats mostren que no hi ha un sol factor determinant que incideixi en el temps d’internament, sinó que són una combinació: l’edat del menor, el motiu d’ingrés, les activitats d’alt risc i els conflictes relacionals de risc entre els progenitors, la freqüència de la relació familiar, les característiques personals de l’infant i el tipus i nivell d’integració d’aquest en el centre. La tipologia i les característiques de cada CRAE influeixen en el temps d’estada en un centre (si és exclusivament per a nois disminueix l’estada, mentre que, si és religiós, l’estada s’allarga), però no en les mesures d’èxit pel que fa al desinternament i definides en la recerca, que són homogènies en tots els tipus de centres.

Respiratory quotient evolution during normal pregnancy: what nutritional or clinical information can we get out of it?

Food intake increases to a varying extent during pregnancy to provide extra energy for the growing fetus. Measuring the respiratory quotient (RQ) during the course of pregnancy (by quantifying O2 consumption and CO2 production with indirect calorimetry) could be potentially useful since it gives an insight into the evolution of the proportion of carbohydrate vs. fat oxidized during pregnancy and thus allows recommendations on macronutrients for achieving a balanced (or slightly positive) substrate intake. A systematic search of the literature for papers reporting RQ changes during normal pregnancy identified 10 papers reporting original research. The existing evidence supports an increased RQ of varying magnitude in the third trimester of pregnancy, while the discrepant results reported for the first and second trimesters (i.e. no increase in RQ), explained by limited statistical power (small sample size) or fragmentary data, preclude safe conclusions about the evolution of RQ during early pregnancy. From a clinical point of view, measuring RQ during pregnancy requires not only sophisticated and costly indirect calorimeters but appears of limited value outside pure research projects, because of several confounding variables: (1) spontaneous changes in food intake and food composition during the course of pregnancy (which influence RQ); (2) inter-individual differences in weight gain and composition of tissue growth; (3) technical factors, notwithstanding the relatively small contribution of fetal metabolism per se (RQ close to 1.0) to overall metabolism of the pregnant mother.

L'adaptació de la norma als centres de menors. Estudi del Centre Educatiu L'Alzina

Aquesta investigació és una aproximació al procés d’adaptació a la Llei 5/2000, reguladora de la responsabilitat penal dels menors, al Centre Educatiu L’Alzina. La recerca constitueix un intent d’anar més enllà d’allò merament descriptiu, en un esforç per fer palesa la racionalitat subjacent a la pràctica quotidiana i a la lògica implícita a l’intervenció educativa amagada sota nocions centrals en el seu desenvolupament, com ara progrés, retrocés, càstig, recompensa, activitat esportiva o pauta mèdica. Els autors proposen una interpretació que implica la consolidació d’una lògica de la simulació netament allunyada de la lògica dels fets que, formalment, plana sobre la dinàmica de l’aplicació de la norma al Centre.

Engaging students in an e-learning experience : how to manage information resources through wikis and web blogs

The purpose of this paper is to describe the collaboration between librarians and scholars, from a virtual university, in order to facilitate collaborative learning on how to manage information resources. The personal information behaviour of e-learning students when managing information resources for academic, professional and daily life purposes was studied from 24 semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The results of the content analysis of the interview' transcriptions, highlighted that in the workplace and daily life contexts, competent information behaviour is always linked to a proactive attitude, that is to say, that participants seek for information without some extrinsic reward or avoiding punishment. In the academic context, it was observed a low level of information literacy and it seems to be related with a prevalent uninvolved attitude.

Modelatge i simulació de quatre centres de processament de dades connectats per WAN

Aquest projecte conté l'estudi de la comunicació entre quatre Centres de Processament de Dades (CPD) per via WAN. L'estudi consisteix en simular aquestes comunicacions en un entorn de proves físic i també en entorn de proves virtual on s'han extret resultats dels protocols de seguretat, d'enrutament, a més dels temps de resposta i limitacions dels equips físics i virtuals.

Information overload, choice deferral, and moderating role of need for cognition: Empirical evidence

ABSTRACT Choice deferral due to information overload is an undesirable result of competitive environments. The neoclassical maximization models predict that choice avoidance will not increase as more information is offered to consumers. The theories developed in the consumer behavior field predict that some properties of the environment may lead to behavioral effects and an increase in choice avoidance due to information overload. Based on stimuli generated experimentally and tested among 1,000 consumers, this empirical research provides evidence for the presence of behavioral effects due to information overload and reveals the different effects of increasing the number of options or the number of attributes. This study also finds that the need for cognition moderates these behavioral effects, and it proposes psychological processes that may trigger the effects observed.

Information technologies and communication between parents and children

This is an exploratory study that aims, on the one hand, to examine in more detail how children between 12 and 16 years of age use different audiovisual technologies, what they feel and think when using them, and whom they like to speak to about such experiences. On the other hand, we look more deeply into the interactions between adults and children, particularly between parents and their children, in relation to these technologies when children use them at home or in other places. We analysed responses to questionnaires with several common items, administered separately to parents and children. Children’s responses reflect an important level of dissatisfaction when talking with different adults about media activities. Our findings support the thesis that more and more children socialise through new information and communication technologies with little or no recourse to adult criteria, giving rise to the emergence of specific children’s cultures. Crossing of the responses of parents and those of their own children shows us which aspects of media reality adults overestimate or underestimate in comparison to children, and to what degree certain judgements coincide and differ between generations. The results can be applied to the improvement of relations between adults and adolescents, taking advantage of adolescents’ strong motivation to engage in activities using audiovisual media

Quality of Web-based information on obsessive compulsive disorder.

BACKGROUND: The Internet is increasingly used as a source of information for mental health issues. The burden of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) may lead persons with diagnosed or undiagnosed OCD, and their relatives, to search for good quality information on the Web. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Web-based information on English-language sites dealing with OCD and to compare the quality of websites found through a general and a medically specialized search engine. METHODS: Keywords related to OCD were entered into Google and OmniMedicalSearch. Websites were assessed on the basis of accountability, interactivity, readability, and content quality. The "Health on the Net" (HON) quality label and the Brief DISCERN scale score were used as possible content quality indicators. Of the 235 links identified, 53 websites were analyzed. RESULTS: The content quality of the OCD websites examined was relatively good. The use of a specialized search engine did not offer an advantage in finding websites with better content quality. A score ≥16 on the Brief DISCERN scale is associated with better content quality. CONCLUSION: This study shows the acceptability of the content quality of OCD websites. There is no advantage in searching for information with a specialized search engine rather than a general one. Practical implications: The Internet offers a number of high quality OCD websites. It remains critical, however, to have a provider-patient talk about the information found on the Web.