935 resultados para HOMO-POLYMERIZATION


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Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

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Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

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Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

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Fondo Margaritainés Restrepo

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Autor przedstawia problematykę bezpieczeństwa ludzkiego w odniesieniu do realizacji procesu kształcenia na studiach wyższych. Prezentuje jego rodowód, odwołując się do mitologii rzymskiej. Podkreśla także ważność bezpieczeństwa ludzkiego we współczesnych czasach i szybko zmieniającym się świecie, generującym coraz bardziej zróżnicowane zagrożenia dla egzystencji jednostki ludzkiej.

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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das Organizações.

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This thesis aims to understand how cells coordinate their motion during collective migration. As previously shown, the motion of individually migrating cells is governed by wave-like cell shape dynamics. The mechanisms that regulate these dynamic behaviors in response to extracellular environment remain largely unclear. I applied shape dynamics analysis to Dictyostelium cells migrating in pairs and in multicellular streams and found that wave-like membrane protrusions are highly coupled between touching cells. I further characterized cell motion by using principle component analysis (PCA) to decompose complex cell shape changes into a serial shape change modes, from which I found that streaming cells exhibit localized anterior protrusion, termed front narrowing, to facilitate cell-cell coupling. I next explored cytoskeleton-based mechanisms of cell-cell coupling by measuring the dynamics of actin polymerization. Actin polymerization waves observed in individual cells were significantly suppressed in multicellular streams. Streaming cells exclusively produced F-actin at cell-cell contact regions, especially at cell fronts. I demonstrated that such restricted actin polymerization is associated with cell-cell coupling, as reducing actin polymerization with Latrunculin A leads to the assembly of F-actin at the side of streams, the decrease of front narrowing, and the decoupling of protrusion waves. My studies also suggest that collective migration is guided by cell-surface interactions. I examined the aggregation of Dictyostelim cells under distinct conditions and found that both chemical compositions of surfaces and surface-adhesion defects in cells result in altered collective migration patterns. I also investigated the shape dynamics of cells suspended on PEG-coated surfaces, which showed that coupling of protrusion waves disappears on touching suspended cells. These observations indicate that collective migration requires a balance between cell-cell and cell-surface adhesions. I hypothesized such a balance is reached via the regulation of cytoskeleton. Indeed, I found cells actively regulate cytoskeleton to retain optimal cell-surface adhesions on varying surfaces, and cells lacking the link between actin and surfaces (talin A) could not retain the optimal adhesions. On the other hand, suspended cells exhibited enhanced actin filament assembly on the periphery of cell groups instead of in cell-cell contact regions, which facilitates their aggregation in a clumping fashion.

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El trabajo que aquí se presenta surge de una doble inquietud. Por una parte establecer el análisis de las obras de teatro, a partir de entender estas como un producto artístico en cuanto a material literario y hecho escénico se refiere, y por otra la necesidad, no de definir la homosexualidad, sino el entender cuáles han sido los recursos dramáticos a través de los que se ha manifestado la tematización de la diversidad sexual masculina, y cómo han sido empleados en el fenómeno teatral. Los trabajos de investigación y crítica que han sido elaborados sobre el tema homosexual se han llevado a cabo, principalmente, en disciplinas como la psicología y la antropología. En el ámbito de las letras dichos estudios se han centrado tan solo en dos de los géneros literarios: la poesía y la narrativa; haciendo a un lado al otro gran género que es el teatro. Son pocos los estudios que se han realizado en torno al teatro homosexual, por tanto el tesista se atreve a afirmar que dicho terreno de investigación se encuentra despoblado. Para entender la homosexualidad dentro del teatro, es necesario acercarnos a la historia natural de la misma, es decir al recorrido sintagmático que ha presentado en la historia del hombre, de manera que se puedan comprender y comparar así las manifestaciones paradigmáticas que han surgido en la historia del teatro...

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Different nanocomposites have been attained by in situ polymerization based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and mesoporous SBA-15, this silica being used for immobilization of the FI catalyst bis [N-(3-tert-butylsalicylidene)-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoroanilinato] titanium (IV) dichloride and as filler as well. Two distinct approaches have been selected for supporting the FI catalyst on the SBA-15 prior polymerization. A study on polymerization activity of this catalyst has been performed under homogenous conditions and upon heterogenization. A study of the effect of presence of mesoporous particles and of the immobilization method is also carried out. Moreover, the thermal characterization, phase transitions and mechanical response of some pristine UHMWPEs and UHMWPE/SBA-15 materials have been carried out. Relationships with variations on molar mass, impregnation method of catalyst and final SBA-15 content have been established.

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New nanocomposites based on polyethylene have been prepared by in situ polymerization of ethylene in presence of mesoporous MCM-41. The polymerization reactions were performed using a zirconocene catalyst either under homogenous conditions or supported onto mesoporous MCM-41 particles, which are synthesized and decorated post-synthesis with two silanes before polymerization in order to promote an enhanced interfacial adhesion. The existence of polyethylene chains able to crystallize within the mesoporous channels in the resulting nanocomposites is figured out from the small endothermic process, located at around 80 C, on heating calorimetric experiments, in addition to the main melting endotherm. These results indicate that polyethylene macrochains can grow up during polymerization either outside or inside the MCM-41 channels, these keeping their regular hexagonal arrangements. Mechanical response is observed to be dependent on the content in mesoporous MCM-41 and on the crystalline features of polyethylene. Accordingly, stiffness increases and deformability decreases in the nanocomposites as much as MCM-41 content is enlarged and polyethylene amount within channels is raised. Ultimate mechanical performance improves with MCM-41 incorporation without varying the final processing temperature.

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160 p.