A materialização da Política Nacional de Juventude através do ProJovem: uma análise do processo de construção do programa e sua particularidade no município do Rio de Janeiro

O estudo ora apresentado tem como objetivo analisar o ProJovem enquanto materialização da Política Nacional de Juventude, nos marcos do Governo Lula. O pressuposto central para esta análise está na idéia de que a Política Nacional de Juventude, na forma como foi concebida, materializada quase exclusivamente pelo ProJovem, encontra seus limites no marco das transformações societárias recentes e acaba por reiterar a lógica de constituição histórica das políticas sociais brasileiras, agravada pelos condicionantes políticos e econômicos do pós-1970, comprometendo assim a configuração do seu objetivo, uma vez que nessa conjuntura, a referida política toma por eixo o tripé educação, qualificação profissional e a cidadania, subordinados aos princípios da acumulação capitalista. Para esta análise, optou-se por realizar uma revisão bibliográfica a fim de compreender as principais formulações a respeito da juventude, bem como as suas particularidades na realidade brasileira, tomando como eixo principal para a sua apreensão a perspectiva das expressões da "questão social" sobre condição juvenil. A partir deste debate, a análise da construção da Política Nacional de Juventude toma como pressuposto que esta surge como resposta às manifestações da "questão social", mediada pelas características históricas do processo de constituição das políticas sociais brasileiras e pelas inflexões das novas exigências do modo de produção capitalista, a partir da ofensiva neoliberal e do processo de reestruturação produtiva, no contexto sócio-histórico engendrado no pós-1970. O binômio "inclusão/exclusão social" e o "protagonismo juvenil" são apresentados como os principais eixos que orientam a política, sendo relevante a compreensão do seu significado no contexto das ações voltadas para a juventude. Por fim, buscou-se analisar como os princípios de tal política se materializam no ProJovem, e os limites postos para a efetivação do programa. Para a análise da Política Nacional de Juventude e do ProJovem optou-se por uma pesquisa documental, com base nos instrumentos legais, relatórios e publicações dos profissionais que atuam no programa na realidade do Rio de Janeiro.

Impedance control reduces instability that arises from motor noise.

There is ample evidence that humans are able to control the endpoint impedance of their arms in response to active destabilizing force fields. However, such fields are uncommon in daily life. Here, we examine whether the CNS selectively controls the endpoint impedance of the arm in the absence of active force fields but in the presence of instability arising from task geometry and signal-dependent noise (SDN) in the neuromuscular system. Subjects were required to generate forces, in two orthogonal directions, onto four differently curved rigid objects simulated by a robotic manipulandum. The endpoint stiffness of the limb was estimated for each object curvature. With increasing curvature, the endpoint stiffness increased mainly parallel to the object surface and to a lesser extent in the orthogonal direction. Therefore, the orientation of the stiffness ellipses did not orient to the direction of instability. Simulations showed that the observed stiffness geometries and their pattern of change with instability are the result of a tradeoff between maximizing the mechanical stability and minimizing the destabilizing effects of SDN. Therefore, it would have been suboptimal to align the stiffness ellipse in the direction of instability. The time course of the changes in stiffness geometry suggests that modulation takes place both within and across trials. Our results show that an increase in stiffness relative to the increase in noise can be sufficient to reduce kinematic variability, thereby allowing stiffness control to improve stability in natural tasks.

The limits of inclusive design in the current design practice

The adoption of inclusive design principles and methods in the design practice is meant to support the equity of use of everyday products by as many people as possible independently of their age, physical, sensorial and cognitive capabilities. Although the intention is highly valuable, inclusive design approaches have not been widely applied in industrial context. This paper analyses the findings of an empirical research conducted with industrial designers and product managers. The research indicates some of the hindrances to the adoption of inclusive design, such as the current way the market is considered and targeted, and; the way the designers are driven by the project's brief and budget to orient their research strategy and activities. The paper proposes a way to improve the current industrial mode by strategically supplying clients, designers or both together with information about inclusivity. © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group.

Preferred growth of nanocrystalline silicon in boron-doped nc-Si : H Films

Preferred growth of nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) was first found in boron-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline (nc-Si:H) films prepared using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. The films were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum and Raman Scattering spectrum. The results showed that the diffraction peaks in XRD spectrum were at 2theta approximate to 47degrees and the exponent of crystalline plane of nc-Si in the film was (220). A considerable reason was electric field derived from dc bias made the bonds of Si-Si array according to a certain orient. The size and crystalline volume fraction of nc-Si in boron-doped films were intensively depended on the deposited parameters: diborane (B2H6) doping ratio in silane (SiH4), silane dilution ratio in hydrogen (H-2), rf power density, substrate's temperature and reactive pressure, respectively. But preferred growth of nc-Si in the boron-doped nc-Si:H films cannot be obtained by changing these parameters. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Capillary array electrophoresis with confocal fluorescence rotary scanner

A capillary array electrophoresis system with rotary corifocal fluorescence scanner was reported. High speed direct current rotary motor combined with a rotary encoder and the reflection mirror has been designed to direct exactly the excitation laser beam. to the array of capillaries, which are symmetrically distributed around the motor. The rotary encoder is introduced to accurately orient the position of each capillary and its output signal triggers the data acquiring system to record. the fluorescence signal corresponding to each capillary. Separations of several amino acids are demonstrated by eight-channel capillary array electrophoresis built by ourselves.

Structural and optical properties of distyrylbenzene derivative thin films

In order to understand the relationship between the molecular orientation and optical properties of oligophenylenevinylene film, oriented thin films of 1,4-di(p-methoxystyryl)benzene (DSB-1) and 1,4-di(p-methoxystyryl)-2,5-dimethoxybenzene (DSB-2) were fabricated on a potassium bromide (KBr) (001) surface by the vacuum-evaporation method. The structures and optical properties of DSB films have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and polarized photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, respectively. DSB-1 molecules orient obliquely and/or parallel to the substrate surface depending on the substrate temperature. On the other hand, DSB-2 molecules tend to grow epitaxially with the molecular plane parallel to the substrate surface. The anisotropic molecular orientations represent the polarized PL. The epitaxial growth and molecular orientations observed by TEM and AFM at the local and microscopic scale are confirmed by polarized PL measurement on a macroscopic scale. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)01523-6].

In situ external reflection FTIR spectroelectrochemical investigation of poly(o-phenylenediamine) film coated on a platinum electrode

The electrochemically deposited poly(o-phenylenediamine) film on a Pt electrode has been investigated utilizing in situ external reflection FTIR spectroelectrochemistry technique. The prepared ladder polymer film is found to be partially ring-opened. The dopant ClO4- is evidenced to orient in such a way that more than one oxygen atom attach to the charge sites of the polymer. This suggests that positive charges of oxidized polymer are partially delocalized over the whole chains. The proton movement observed during the oxidation reaction is associated with the solvated MeCN molecule. It is proposed that the proton diffusion, dissolvation and protonation of the film may be essential to the electrochemical reduction reaction of the film. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

一种面向无线传感器网络协同任务分配的动态联盟更新机制

在面向目标追踪等应用的无线传感器网络研究中,协同任务分配机制的研究是很重要的。基于动态联盟机制的协同任务分配方法是事件触发的,适用于任务出现频率相对较低的大规模无线传感器网络。本文在基于动态联盟机制研究的基础上,首先引入了联盟覆盖范围和休眠盟员的概念,进一步消除针对同一任务的检测传感器节点的冗余,降低系统的能量消耗;而后又给出了一种动态联盟的更新机制,以保证动态联盟执行任务时的连续性,在一定程度上保证网络的检测性能。最后通过仿真,从系统总能耗、目标捕获率和检测误差标准差等方面检验了算法的性能,并给出了缓冲带宽度等参数对能耗和网络检测性能的影响。

除草机器人机械臂的逆向求解与控制

设计了一种基于机器视觉导航和杂草识别的除草机器人模型,该机器人能沿作物行间自主行走并能准确地识别和"清除"杂草。设计了除草机器人的机械臂除草执行系统,求取了机械臂运动学逆解,用VC++开发了控制程序。试验显示,图像处理算法所需时间少,能够适应户外自然光线在一定范围的变化,机械臂能够平稳动作并精确定位杂草目标。

Reżyserki na indeksie. Historia kina kobiet w Europie Środkowej w Wschodniej

Autorka dokonuje krytycznej rekapitulacji wskazówek metodologicznych dotyczących pisania historii kina kobiet w anglojęzycznej literaturze przedmiotu, odnosząc je do specyfiki kinematografii środkowo- i wschodnioeuropejskiej. Projekt dyskursu historii kina kobiet wpisuje w postulaty ponowoczesnej historiografii i nowej humanistyki, poszukującej tradycji grup mniejszościowych oraz krytycznie odnoszącej się do historii tradycyjnej. Problematyka kina kobiet w dyskursie historii kina powinna, zdaniem autorki, objąć także doświadczenia edukacyjne i zawodowe kobiet, związki biografii zawodowej i prywatnej oraz publiczne i wyobrażone wizerunki reżyserek.

Kwestie kobiece w czesko-słowackiej refleksji filmowej po 1989 roku

Tekst stanowi krytyczną rekapitulację refleksji filmoznawczej prowadzonej w Czechach i Słowacji a dotykającej problematyki tzw. ženskej otázki (kwestii kobiecej). Myśl feministyczna i genderowa pojawiła się w refleksji publicznej i naukowej dopiero po Aksamitnej Rewolucji, napotykając na wstrzemięźliwą i zdystansowaną reakcję środowisk naukowych i twórczych. Dotychczasowa niezbyt rozbudowana refleksja nad kwestiami kobiecymi w kinie czeskim i słowackim, reprezentuje wczesny etap feminizmu akademickiego. Czesko-słowackie women’s studies skupiają się na gromadzeniu wiedzy dotyczącej historii, kultury, życia społecznego i politycznego kobiet. W centrum swojego dyskursu sytuują analizę wizerunków kobiecych, przede wszystkim we wczesnym kinie, rozważania nad kategorią kobiecości, jej specyfiką i przeobrażeniami dokonującymi się w procesie historycznym. Tymczasem w dokonaniach kinematografii Czech i Słowacji coraz większą rolę odgrywają kobiety reżyserki. Współczesne kino kobiet jest tu wyraźnie dostrzegalnym w swojej specyfice jakościowej i ilościowej zjawiskiem artystycznym, który na razie pozostaje obszarem nieeksplorowanym w czesko-słowackiej myśli filmoznawczej ukierunkowanej feministycznie i genderowo.

„Livre des merveilles”. Burgundzka wizja Orientu późnego średniowiecza w miniaturach manuskryptu fr. 2810 z Bibliothèque nationale de France

Wydział Historyczny: Instytut Historii Sztuki

O antropomorfizowaniu i potrzebie przedstawień figuralnych w sztuce greckiej

Estetyka w archeologii. Antropomorfizacje w pradziejach i starożytności, eds. E. Bugaj, A. P. Kowalski, Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskie.

Asesoría para el rescate de producto o técnicas tradicionales y mejoramiento del producto artesanal actual a partir del perfeccionamiento de las técnicas de talla en madera, cestería en werregue y tejido en chaquiras, en los resguardos indígenas Emberá Katio del Alto Río Munguidó, Quibdó - Chocó.

35 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.

[Informe de sondeo de mercadeo y asesorías técnicas y en diseño prestada en San Sebastián (Lorica-Córdoba)].

28 hojas : ilustraciones.