Contributions from the E. M. Museum of Geology and Archaeology of Princeton College

No. 1 out of print

Catalogue of the State Museum of California : being the collections made by the State Mining Bureau.

Mode of access: Internet.

Illustrated descriptive account of the Museum of Andalucian pottery and lace, antique and modern : together with notes on pre-Roman Seville and the lost city of Tharsis /

Mode of access: Internet.

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.

Comprises articles on geology, paleontology, mammalogy, ornithology, entomology and anthropology.

A Souvenir of the Art Museum of the City Library Association, Springfield, Mass., 1895.

On cover: The Springfield art museum.

Retrospective and comparative exhibition of paintings by the late George Inness, N.A. and a few examples by the late A.H. Wyant, N.A. from the George H. Anslie [i.e. Ainslie] Collection ... New York : Detroit Museum of Art, Nov. 1st to Nov. 30th inclusive, 1913.

All paintings except two are from the George H. Ainslie Collection.

Measurement of glass-rubber transition temperature of skim milk powder by static mechanical test

Stickiness behavior of skim milk powder was investigated based on the mechanical property of the material during the glass-rubber transition. A thermally controlled device was developed for the static mechanical test. This device was attached to a texture analyzer, and skim milk powder, which was used as a model sample, was tested for its glass-rubber transition temperature (Tg-r) using static compression technique (creep test). Changes in compression probe distance as a function of temperature were recorded. Tg-r was determined, in the region where changes in the probe distance were observed, by using linear regression technique. The effect of sample quantity, compression force, and heating rate on the determination of Tg-r was investigated. All these parameters significantly influenced the Tg-r determination (p < 0.05). The Tg-r of skim milk powder measured by this novel technique was found closely correlated to its glass transition temperature (T-g) measured by DSC.

3D Reconstruction of the complex dielectric function of glass during femtosecond laser micro-fabrication

We report on a new technique to reconstruct the 3D dielectric function change in transparent dielectric materials and the application of the technique for on-line monitoring of refractive index modification in BK7 glass during direct femtosecond laser microfabrication. The complex optical field scattered from the modified region is measured using two-beam, single-shot interferogram and the distribution of the modified refractive index is reconstructed by numerically solving the inverse scattering problem in Born approximation. The optical configuration suggested is further development of digital holographic microscopy (DHM). It takes advantage of high spatial resolution and almost the same optical paths for both interfering beams, and allows ultrafast time resolution.

The durability of glass fibre reinforced cements made with new cementitious matrices

Widespread use of glass fibre reinforced cement (GRC) has been impeded by concerns over its durability. Three degradation mechanisms are proposed - fibre corrosion, Ca(OHh precipitation and matrix densification - although their relative importance is debated. Matrices with reduced alkalinities and Ca(OH)2 contents are being developed; the aim of this study was to investigate their hydration and interaction with alkali-resistant fibres to determine the factors controlling their long-term durability, and assess the relevancy of accelerated ageing. The matrices studied were: OPC/calcium-sulphoaluminate cement plus metakaolin (C); OPC plus metakaolin (M); blast-furnace slag cement plus a micro-silica based additive (D); and OPC (O). Accelerated ageing included hot water and cyclic regimes prior to tensile testing. Investigations included pore solution expression, XRD, DTA/TG, SEM and optical petrography. Bond strength was determined from crack spacings using microstructural parameters obtained from a unique image analysis technique. It was found that, for the new matrices - pore solution alkalinities were lower; Ca(OH)2 was absent or quickly consumed; different hydrates were formed at higher immersion temperatures; degradation under 65°C immersion was an order of magnitude slower, and no interfilamental Ca(OH)2 was observed .It was concluded that: fibre weakening caused by flaw growth was the primary degradation mechanism and was successfully modelled on stress corrosion/static fatigue principles. OPC inferiority was attributed partly to its higher alkalinity but chiefly to the growth of Ca(OH)2 aggravating the degradation; and hot water ageing although useful in model formulation and contrasting the matrices, changed the intrinsic nature of the composites rather than simply accelerating the degradation mechanisms.

Structural behaviour of glass reinforced plastics

The aim of this research is to promote the use of G.R.P. as a structural material. In the past, the use of G.R.P. has been confined to non-load carrying applications. Such uses are still rapidly increasing but in addition significant changes have been made during the last decade in the development of semi-structural and now even fully structural applications. Glass-reinforced plastic is characterized by a high strength but a relatively low modulus of elasticity. For this reasona G.R.P. structure can expect to show large deformations as a result of which the individual structural members will fail under load due to a loss of stability rather than approaching the ultimate strength of the material. For this reason the selection of the geometrical shapes of G.R.P. structural elements is considered to be an important factor in designing G.R.P. structures. The first chapter of this thesis deals with a general review of the theoretical and experimental methods used to describe the structural properties of G.R.P. The research programme includes five stages dealing with the structural behaviour of G.R.P. The first stage (Chapter 2) begins with selecting and designing an optimum box beam cross-section which gives the maximum flexural and torsional rigidity. The second stage of investigation (Chapter 3) deals with beam to beam connections. A joint was designed and manufactured with different types of fasteners used to connect two beam units. A suitable fastener was selected and the research extended to cover the behaviour of long span beams using multiple joints. The third part of the investigation includes a study of the behaviour of box beams subjected to combined bending, shear and torsion. A special torque rig was developed to perform the tests. Creep deformation of 6 m span G.R.P. was investigated as the fourth stage under a range of loading conditions. As a result of the phenomenon of post buckling behaviour exhibited in the compression flange during testing of box beams during earlier stages of the investigation it was decided to consider this phenomenon in more detail in the final stage of the investigation. G.R.P. plates with different fibre orientation were subjected to uniaxial compression and tested up to failure. In all stages of the investigation theoretical predictions and experimental results were compared and generally good correlation between theory and experimental data was observed.