A conceptual insight on digital paralell workshops for urban planning

The educational realm in Urban Plan ning needs a review because of the global challenges that human settlements will face in the near futu re. In this scenario, international boards of research call for the development of common frameworks of research, accredita tion, and planning best-pra ctices, that need to transcend the limits of local competences, which at the same time affect educational structures. A central issue on achieving this pursued consensus is in ternational cooperation among academic institutions, seeking global awareness on urban challenges, built equally upon a variety of context-based experiences. The rise of ICT's and digital tools are widely perceived as a great field of opportunity to establish complex and de-centralized networks of knowledge-bu ilding that can be critical to address these needs.

La empresa social: marco conceptual, contexto e información

La empresa social es un modelo organizativo basado en la utilización de mecanismos de mercado para conseguir objetivos sociales. Es un tipo de organización que se adapta con mucha flexibilidad a contextos diferentes y que presenta un interesante potencial para resolver problemáticas sociales. Este artículo recoge un breve resumen del Documento número 9 de la serie Responsabilidad Social Corporativa de AECA (2015), en el que se caracteriza la empresa social en dos dimensiones: principios comunes a todas las empresas sociales y elementos de diseño propios de cada manifestación específica. Adicionalmente, el artículo aborda el reporte de información de estas organizaciones, proponiendo unos contenidos de reporte que recojan la esencia de su actividad.

Conceptual modelling to assess how the interplay of hydrological connectivity, catchment storage and tracer dynamics controls nonstationary water age estimates

Acknowledgements We would like to gratefully acknowledge the data provided by SEPA, Iain Malcolm. Mark Speed, Susan Waldron and many MSS staff helped with sample collection and lab analysis. We thank the European Research Council (project GA 335910 VEWA) for funding and are grateful for the constructive comments provided by three anonymous reviewers.

Follicular lymphomas can be induced to present alloantigen efficiently: a conceptual model to improve their tumor immunogenicity.

In the tumor-bearing host, T cells invariably fail to induce a clinically significant antitumor immune response. Although model systems support the existence of tumor peptide antigens, the molecular interactions critical for antigen presentation by the tumor cell remain unresolved. Here, we demonstrate that human follicular lymphoma cells are highly inefficient at presenting alloantigen despite their strong expression of major histocompatibility complex and low-to-intermediate expression of some adhesion and B7 costimulatory molecules. Activation of follicular lymphoma cells via CD40 induces or up-regulates both adhesion and B7 costimulatory molecules essential to repair this defect. More importantly, once primed, alloreactive T cells efficiently recognize unstimulated follicular lymphoma cells. Thus, correction of defective tumor immunity requires not only expression of major histocompatibility complex but also sufficient expression of multiple adhesion and costimulatory molecules.

Una crítica conceptual del conflicto en el marco de la teoría sociológica de la globalización: contingencia, heterogeniedad y asimetría

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido honrar al gran protagonismo del que ha gozado el concepto de conflicto en la tradición de la sociología y aún más si cabe en los debates teóricos que más han recientemente han tenido lugar en su seno. La perspectiva que hemos adoptado, sin embargo, ha sido la de un análisis crítico que nos permitiera afrontar el enmarañado “juego de lenguaje” que se ha constituido en derredor suyo, producto de la multitud de paradigmas teóricos y campos de estudio empírico en los que se ha desarrollado. No ha sido nuestra finalidad tanto el conseguir la definición más depurada del mismo como la articulación de una larga serie de términos inscritos en su campo semántico, con la intención de elaborar una cartografía, lo más inclusiva posible, de los distintos significados, esto es, usos, que en un plano teórico ha recibido el conflicto, pues pensamos que esa diversidad da cuenta de aplicaciones fructuosas y necesidades reales de la investigación. No obstante, hemos tratado de conjugar esa diversidad en un esquema con sentido que pudiera eliminar paradojas y abrir vías alternativas en algunos callejones sin salida. Nuestra apuesta a la hora de afrontar esta crítica conceptual del conflicto ha sido una reconstrucción teórica a partir de las dimensiones metateóricas que consideramos fundamentales, siendo nuestra principal baza la continuidad con los trabajos que han hecho de la inclusión de la dicotomía conflicto-integración uno de sus rasgos definitorios, frente a los intentos de diversos teóricos de reducirla a algunas de las otras más frecuentemente utilizadas. Hemos defendido, por tanto, la autonomía analítica de lo que hemos preferido llamar relaciones opositivas y no-opositivas en la distinción de tipos teóricos de relaciones, implicando con ello la imposibilidad de limitarlas a uno solo de ellos y potenciando su dispersión en, lo que creemos que es, un reflejo de esa diversidad de usos productivos que hemos podido contemplar en la historia de la sociología...

Validation of the Item-Attribute Matrix in TIMSS-Mathematics Using Multiple Regression and the LSDM

The purposes of this study were (1) to validate of the item-attribute matrix using two levels of attributes (Level 1 attributes and Level 2 sub-attributes), and (2) through retrofitting the diagnostic models to the mathematics test of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), to evaluate the construct validity of TIMSS mathematics assessment by comparing the results of two assessment booklets. Item data were extracted from Booklets 2 and 3 for the 8th grade in TIMSS 2007, which included a total of 49 mathematics items and every student's response to every item. The study developed three categories of attributes at two levels: content, cognitive process (TIMSS or new), and comprehensive cognitive process (or IT) based on the TIMSS assessment framework, cognitive procedures, and item type. At level one, there were 4 content attributes (number, algebra, geometry, and data and chance), 3 TIMSS process attributes (knowing, applying, and reasoning), and 4 new process attributes (identifying, computing, judging, and reasoning). At level two, the level 1 attributes were further divided into 32 sub-attributes. There was only one level of IT attributes (multiple steps/responses, complexity, and constructed-response). Twelve Q-matrices (4 originally specified, 4 random, and 4 revised) were investigated with eleven Q-matrix models (QM1 ~ QM11) using multiple regression and the least squares distance method (LSDM). Comprehensive analyses indicated that the proposed Q-matrices explained most of the variance in item difficulty (i.e., 64% to 81%). The cognitive process attributes contributed to the item difficulties more than the content attributes, and the IT attributes contributed much more than both the content and process attributes. The new retrofitted process attributes explained the items better than the TIMSS process attributes. Results generated from the level 1 attributes and the level 2 attributes were consistent. Most attributes could be used to recover students' performance, but some attributes' probabilities showed unreasonable patterns. The analysis approaches could not demonstrate if the same construct validity was supported across booklets. The proposed attributes and Q-matrices explained the items of Booklet 2 better than the items of Booklet 3. The specified Q-matrices explained the items better than the random Q-matrices.

Conceptual Decolonization of Space: Worldview and Language in Anishinaabe Akiing

This dissertation examines the role of worldview and language in the cultural framework of American Indian people. In it I develop a theory of worldview which can be defined as an interrelated set of logics that orients a culture to space (land), time, the rest of life, and provides a prescription for understanding that life. Considering the strong links between language and worldview, it is methodologically necessary to focus on a particular language and culture to decolonize concepts of and relationships to land. In particular, this dissertation focuses on an Anishinaabe worldview as consisting of four components, which are; (1) an intimate relationship to a localized space; (2) a cyclical understanding of time; (3) living in a web of relatedness with all life, and (4) understanding the world around us in terms of balance. The methodological approach draws from Anishinaabemowin, the traditional Anishinaabe language, as a starting place for negotiating a linguistic-conceptual analysis of these logics to decolonize the understandings of land, time, relatedness and balance. This dissertation helps to demonstrate that the religious language as codified in the 1st Amendment to the United States Constitution as religious freedom is unable to carry the meaning of the fundamental relationships to land that are embedded in Anishinaabemowin and culture. I compare the above Anishinaabe worldview to that of the eurowestern culture in America, which is; (1) the domination of space; (2) a linear progression of time; (3) a hierarchical organization of life; and (4) understanding the world as a Manichean battle of good versus evil. This dissertation seeks to decolonize American Indian translational methodologies and undermine the assumptions of eurowestern cultural universality.

Modelado conceptual de aplicaciones adaptivas y proactivas en OO-H

Comunicación presentada en las VII Jornadas de Ingeniería del Software y Bases de Datos (JISBD 2002), dentro del II Taller sobre Ingeniería del Software Orientada al Web (Web Engineering) WebE'2002, El Escorial, Madrid, 19 noviembre 2002.

Esperanzas de salud. Una revisión conceptual y metodológica: resultados en la Comunitat Valenciana

Este estudio forma parte de un proyecto de investigación financiado por la Dirección General de Ordenación, Evaluación e Investigación Sanitaria. Conselleria de Sanitat. Generalitat Valenciana: “Indicadores del estado de salud de la Comunitat Valenciana: Esperanzas de Salud”. Expediente AP 119/08. [Resolución de 31 de julio de 2008, DOCV num. 5827 del 23 de agosto de 2008].

La integració conceptual o blending i l’arc de Sant Martí: vers una semàntica cognitiva diacrònica i cultural

Aquest article fa un estudi onomasiològic de les denominacions de l’arc de Sant Martí en una perspectiva diacrònica, de contacte de llengües (català, occità, aragonès, etc.) i segons la teoria de la integració conceptual o blending. Planteja la necessitat que la semàntica diacrònica cognitiva faça pròpia l’orientació cultural (fonamentalment, antropològica, històrica social i cultural) i semiòtica.

La tabla conceptual: una estrategia para la elaboración del marco teórico de una investigación o de un campo de conocimiento (conceptual table)

Herramienta para elaborar el marco conceptual o teórico de una investigación o conocimiento científico.

The conceptual table: a strategy for the development of a theoretical framework of a field research or knowledge

This is a guide to develop a theoretical framework for any field of knowledge. It is a rational and organized to put everything that is known or has been written about an issue or a problem way.

Conceptual Modelling of Complex Network Management Systems

Society, as we know it today, is completely dependent on computer networks, Internet and distributed systems, which place at our disposal the necessary services to perform our daily tasks. Moreover, and unconsciously, all services and distributed systems require network management systems. These systems allow us to, in general, maintain, manage, configure, scale, adapt, modify, edit, protect or improve the main distributed systems. Their role is secondary and is unknown and transparent to the users. They provide the necessary support to maintain the distributed systems whose services we use every day. If we don’t consider network management systems during the development stage of main distributed systems, then there could be serious consequences or even total failures in the development of the distributed systems. It is necessary, therefore, to consider the management of the systems within the design of distributed systems and systematize their conception to minimize the impact of the management of networks within the project of distributed systems. In this paper, we present a formalization method of the conceptual modelling for design of a network management system through the use of formal modelling tools, thus allowing from the definition of processes to identify those responsible for these. Finally we will propose a use case to design a conceptual model intrusion detection system in network.