711 resultados para Celulas - Membranas
Resumo:
Se realiza un estudio en 90 pacientes intervenidas de cesárea no planificada en el hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso para determinar la eficacia profiláctica de los antibióticos en la prevención de la infección de los antibióticos en la prevención de la infección de la herida quirúrgica, de la endometritis y de la morbilidad febril, con la hipótesis de que es suficiente la administración de 3 dosis de ampicilina por vía venosa para prevenirlas: el grupo A recibió ampicilina, vía venosa en 3 dosis de 1 gramo con una hora de intervalo: el grupo B, ampicilina, en 21 dosis, una cada 8 horas, las primeras veinte y cuatro horas del postoperatorio via venosa y los seis días siguientes por vía oral, (esquema utilizado usualmente en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso; y el grupo C ceftriaxona, vía venosa en 1 sola dosis de 1 gr. Los grupos de edstudio no presentaron entre ellos diferencias significativas en lo que se refiere a factores de riesgo: tiempo de labor de parto, dilatación cervical, rotura de membranas, tiempo de rotura de membranas, número de tactos y valores de hemoglobina. La infección de la herida se encontró en el 3.3de los casos no existiendo diferencia significativa entre los grupos de estudio (p>0.05). La endometritis fue del 1.1no observándose, igualmente, diferencia estadística entre los grupos de estudio. La morbilidad febril se presentó en el 15.6, igualmente sin diferencia significativa. Se concluye que no existe diferencia significativa en la administración antibiótica entre los tres grupos de estudio para prevenir la infección de la herida quirúrgica o la endometritis y estos valores concuerdan con los resultados que refieren la mayoría de estudios reportados en la literatura mundial
Resumo:
Modeling transport of particulate suspensions in porous media is essential for understanding various processes of industrial and scientific interest. During these processes, particles are retained due to mechanisms like size exclusion (straining), adsorption, sedimentation and diffusion. In this thesis, a mathematical model is proposed and analytical solutions are obtained. The obtained analytic solutions for the proposed model, which takes pore and particle size distributions into account, were applied to predict the particle retention, pore blocking and permeability reduction during dead-end microfiltration in membranes. Various scenarios, considering different particle and pore size distributions were studied. The obtained results showed that pore blocking and permeability reduction are highly influenced by the initial pore and particle size distributions. This feature was observed even when different initial pore and particle size distributions with the same average pore size and injected particle size were considered. Finally, a mathematical model for predicting equivalent permeability in porous media during particle retention (and pore blocking) is proposed and the obtained solutions were applied to study permeability decline in different scenarios
Resumo:
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Animal, 2016.
Resumo:
Los modelos no lineales son ampliamente utilizados para describir curvas de crescimiento. En un modelo no lineal, Y=f(t,0)+E donde Y es el vector de observaciones, t el vector correspondiente a las condiciones de evaluacion (instantes de tiempo conocidos), 0 el vector de parametros desconocidos, f(.) una funcion no lineal en 0 y E el vector de errores, comunmente se asume que E ~ N(O,sigma ao quadrado I). Cuando no se cumplen algunos aspectos de esa suposicion (normalidad, independencia y homogeneidad de variancias), la normalidad asintotica de los estimadores de interes puede ser afectada dificultando la comparacion de curvas obtenidas en los diferentes tratamentos. En organismos unicelulares, tales como las algas, el crecimiento es comumente medido a travez de la observacion del numero de celulas N1, N2,...,Nk en los instantes t1, t2,...,tk., respectivamente. Variables de esa naturaleza, geralmente modeladas por la distribuicion de Poisson, tienen variancias iguales a las respectivas esperanzas (crescientes con el tiempo), no verificando-se la de suposicion de homocedasticidad, lo que inviabiliza la utilizacion del modelo anteriormente descrito. El objetivo de este trabajo es discutir aspectos relacionados al uso adecuado de los modelos lineales y no lineales en el ajuste de curvas de crecimiento donde la variable respuesta tiene distribucion de Poisson. Como ejemplo, son utilizados datos de crecimiento de la microalga bioindicadora Selenastrumcapricornutum, la cual fue expuesta a diferentes tratamientos (con y sin un biopesticidas) en condiciones de laboratorio. En tales casos, donde la transformacion logaritmica de la respuesta linealiza la relacion numero de celulas versus tiempo, ademas de homogeneizar las variancias, el uso de un modelo lineal es adecuado.
Resumo:
Changes induced by PA on nucleic acid (NA) conformation and synthesis is proven to be a major reason for PA essentiality (1-3). However, PA interactions with other polyanions, for instance polyanionic membrane lipid bilayers and glyosaminoglycans have received less attention (3-4). The functional importance of these interactions still is an obscure but interesting area of cell and molecular biology, especially in mammalian cells for which specific PA transport systems are not fully characterized (5). In mammals, activity and turnover of the polyamine (PA) synthesis key enzyme is controlled by a set of proteins: Antizymes (OAZ1-3) and antizyme inhibitors (AZIN1 and 2). It is demonstrated that AOZ modulate polyamine uptake (6), and that PA transport to mitochondria is linked to the respiratory chain state and modulates mitochondrial permeability transition (7). Antizyme expression variants have been located in mitochondria, being proposed as a proapoptotic factor (7-8). AZIN 2 is only expressed in a reduced set of tissues that includes mast cells, where it is associated to mast cell granules membrane (9). This fact, together to the abnormalities observed in bone marrow derived mast cell granules when they are differentiated under restricted PA synthesis conditions (10 and unpublished results), point out to important roles of PA and their related proteins in structure and function of mast cell granules. We will also present novel biophysical results on tripartite interactions of PA that remark the interest of the characterization of PA interactions with lipid bilayers for biomedicine and biotechnology. Thus, the information reported in this paper integrates previously reported information with our still unpublished results, all indicating that PA and their related proteins also are important factors for structure and dynamics of biological membranes and their associated functions essential in human physiology; for instance, solute interchange with the environment (uptake and secretion), oxidative metabolism and apoptosis. The importance of these involved processes for human homeostasis claim for further research efforts. 1. Ruiz-Chica J, Medina MA, Sánchez-Jiménez F and Ramírez FJ (2001) Fourier Transform Raman study of the structural specificities on the interaction between DNA and biogenic polyamines. Biophysical J. 80:443-454. 2. Lightfoot HL, Hall J (2014) Endogenous polyamine function--the RNA perspective. Nucleic Acids Res. 42:11275-11290. 3. Igarashi K, Kashiwagi K (2010) Modulation of cellular function by polyamines. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 42:39-51. 4. Finger S, Schwieger C, Arouri A, Kerth A, Blume A (2014) Interaction of linear polyamines with negatively charged phospholipids: the effect of polyamine charge distance. Biol Chem. 395:769-778. 5. Poulin R, Casero RA, Soulet D. (2012) Recent advances in the molecular biology of metazoan polyamine transport. Amino Acids. 42:711-723. 6. Kahana C (2009) Regulation of cellular polyamine levels and cellular proliferation by antizyme and antizyme inhibitor. Essays Biochem. 4:47-61. 7. Agostinelli E, Marques MP, Calheiros R, Gil FP, Tempera G, Viceconte N, Battaglia V, Grancara S, Toninello A (2010) Polyamines: fundamental characters in chemistry and biology. Amino Acids 38:393-403. 8. Liu GY, Liao YF, Hsu PC, Chang WH, Hsieh MC, Lin CY, Hour TC, Kao MC, Tsay GJ, Hung HC (2006) Antizyme, a natural ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, induces apoptosis of haematopoietic cells through mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspases' cascade. Apoptosis 11:1773-1788. 9. Kanerva K, Lappalainen J, Mäkitie LT, Virolainen S, Kovanen PT, Andersson LC (2009). Expression of antizyme inhibitor 2 in mast cells and role of polyamines as selective regulators of serotonin secretion. PLoS One 31:e6858. 10. García-Faroldi G, Rodríguez CE, Urdiales JL, Pérez-Pomares JM, Dávila JC, Pejler G, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Fajardo I (2010) Polyamines are present in mast cell secretory granules and are important for granule homeostasis. PLoS One 30:e15071.
Resumo:
A peri-implantite é uma patologia que ocorre nos tecidos adjacentes dos implantes, onde ocorre uma perda óssea em redor do implante, podendo levar à sua perda. Vários mecanismos terapêuticos têm sido propostos na tentativa de travar a evolução desta patologia, como é o caso do tratamento regenerativo, onde se recorre ao uso de membranas e enxertos ou substitutos ósseos. O tratamento regenerativo tem sido alvo de grande discussão, uma vez que é impossível saber de que maneira cada paciente pode reagir à aplicação desta terapia, para além de que os resultados existentes nos estudos atuais reportam uma escassez no tratamento por completo da patologia. No entanto, os estudos existentes demonstram bons resultados e relatam que a sua aplicação é promissora no tratamento da peri-implantite, nomeadamente na redução dos parâmetros clínicos (profundidade de sondagem e hemorragia pós-sondagem) e dos parâmetros radiográficos (preenchimento ósseo).