Understanding e-government technology transfer: evidence from the transfer of a patent management system from EPO to INPI

Drawing upon Brazilian experience, this research explores some of the key issues to be addressed in using e-government technical cooperation designed to enhance service provision of Patent Offices in developing countries. While the development of software applications is often seen merely as a technical engineering exercise, localization and adaptation are context bounded matters that are characterized by many entanglements of human and non-humans. In this work, technical, legal and policy implications of technical cooperation are also discussed in a complex and dynamic implementation environment characterized by the influence of powerful hidden agendas associated with the arena of intellectual property (IP), which are shaped by recent technological, economic and social developments in our current knowledge-based economy. This research employs two different theoretical lenses to examine the same case, which consists of transfer of a Patent Management System (PMS) from the European Patent Office (EPO) to the Brazilian Patent Office that is locally named ‘Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial’ (INPI). Fundamentally, we have opted for a multi-paper thesis comprising an introduction, three scientific articles and a concluding chapter that discusses and compares the insights obtained from each article. The first article is dedicated to present an extensive literature review on e-government and technology transfer. This review allowed the proposition on an integrative meta-model of e-government technology transfer, which is named E-government Transfer Model (ETM). Subsequently, in the second article, we present Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as a framework for understanding the processes of transferring e-government technologies from Patent Offices in developed countries to Patent Offices in developing countries. Overall, ANT is seen as having a potentially wide area of application and being a promising theoretical vehicle in IS research to carry out a social analysis of messy and heterogeneous processes that drive technical change. Drawing particularly on the works of Bruno Latour, Michel Callon and John Law, this work applies this theory to a longitudinal study of the management information systems supporting the Brazilian Patent Office restructuration plan that involved the implementation of a European Patent Management System in Brazil. Based upon the ANT elements, we follow the actors to identify and understand patterns of group formation associated with the technical cooperation between the Brazilian Patent Office (INPI) and the European Patent Office (EPO). Therefore, this research explores the intricate relationships and interactions between human and non-human actors in their attempts to construct various network alliances, thereby demonstrating that technologies embodies compromise. Finally, the third article applies ETM model as a heuristic frame to examine the same case previously studied from an ANT perspective. We have found evidence that ETM has strong heuristic qualities that can guide practitioners who are engaged in the transfer of e-government systems from developed to developing countries. The successful implementation of e-government projects in developing countries is important to stimulate economic growth and, as a result, we need to understand the processes through which such projects are being implemented and succeed. Here, we attempt to improve understanding on the development and stabilization of a complex social-technical system in the arena of intellectual property. Our preliminary findings suggest that e-government technology transfer is an inherently political process and that successful outcomes require continuous incremental actions and improvisations to address the ongoing issues as they emerge.

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Exercício de vibração

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Vocalise com a vogal “i” nas tonalidades maior e menor

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Vocalise combinando as vogais “i” e “ê” na tonalidade menor

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Vocalise combinando as vogais “i” e “ô” na tonalidade maior

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Vocalise combinando as vogais “i” e “ê” na tonalidade menor com ênfase no 4º e 5º graus

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Vocalise combinando as vogais “i”, “ê” e “ô” com movimentos descendentes e saltos

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Cenário: Cidade - Rua

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Ultradistribuições exponenciais

O propósito principal desta tese é a extensão do espaço S′ (IR) das distribuições temperadas de Schwartz, usando o mesmo método de dualidade utilizado por Laurent Schwartz na sua Teoria das Distribuições (ver [Sch66]). Neste sentido, construímos um espaço de ultradistribuições exponenciais, X′, que é fechado para os operadores de derivação, translação complexa e transformação de Fourier. Para além destes operadores serem lineares e contínuos de X′ em X′, a translação complexa e a transformação de Fourier definem um isomorfismo vectorial e topológico neste espaço de ultradistribuições o que, como sabemos, generaliza o belo resultado de Schwartz para as distribuições temperadas. Estudamos as propriedades topológicas de X′ e demonstramos que o espaço S′ (IR) está contido com injecção canónica contínua e densa no nosso espaço de ultradistribuições exponenciais. A construção do espaço X′ baseia-se na estruturação de um espaço de funções teste X, que se injecta canónica, contínua e densamente em S (IR) . Este espaço X é um limite projectivo maximal de um espectro projectivo, constituído por espaços localmente convexos; definimos X′ como sendo o dual forte de X. Por fim, identificamos algumas ultradistribuições de X′, obtemos algumas séries de multipolos convergentes neste espaço e vemos que estas séries têm grande aplicabilidade na resolução de equações diferenciais ordinárias.

O ator que canta um conto: a manipulação de parâmetros musicais na voz do ator

This research started with an investigation about the theatrical speaking. Through an empirical methodology that analyzed a practical experience of creating a play and bibliographical research, the actress/researcher investigated ways to manipulate musical parameters as tools in the creation process of the actor s voice. The actress/researcher attempted to connect theory and practice, moved by the desire to find a vocal expression in theater that unfolds as living and transforming movement. This dissertation also contains the report of pedagogical experiences, in which the actress/researcher explored strategies to teach the appropriation of musical parameters in the construction of the vocal work of the actor. Considering that speaking in theater is closer to singing than everyday speech, she concluded that the actor may compose music as a music composer does in the elaborating process of building vocal scores. Therefore, she demonstrated that it is of fundamental importance a musical training in the development of the actor.