916 resultados para 420121 Comparative Language Studies


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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The objective of the present article is to identify and discuss the possibilities of using qualitative data analysis software in the framework of procedures proposed by SDI (socio-discursive interactionism), emphasizing free distribuited software or free versions of commercial software. A literature review of software for qualitative data analysis in the area of social sciences and humanities, focusing on language studies is presented. Some tools, such as: Wef-tQDA, MLCT, Yoshikoder and Tropes are examined with their respective features and functions. The software called Tropes is examined in more detail because of its particular relation with language and semantic analysis, as well as its embeded classification of linguistic elements such as, types of verbs, adjectives, modalizations, etc. Although trying to completely automate an SDI based analysis is not feasible, the programs appear to be powerful helpers in analyzing specific questions. Still, it seems important to be familiar with software options and use different applications in order to obtain a more diversified vision of the data. It is up to the researcher to be critical of the analysis provided by the machine.

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Includes bibliography

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This article discusses the awareness process of students in a Spanish as a foreign language classroom, at a Centre of Language Studies in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The frame of reference is Paulo Freire's pedagogy (FREIRE, 1980, 1984, 1987, 1999, 2000), Wallerstein (1983) and Schleppegrell (1997)'s investigations which are important to the comprehension of the relation between Freirean's pedagogy and the language teaching. This is a qualitative research and it focuses on action research practice in a Spanish language classroom, in which a syllabus based on Paulo Freire's pedagogy was implemented in order to verify how the target language was used in the classroom (MENEGHINI, 2001). Data analysis and discussion are based on data triangulation and classroom interactions are taken on primary data. The implementation of this research suggests that the problem posing tasks on themes chosen from the student's realities are the way which leads to the awareness.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

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Includes bibliography

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Este trabalho está inserido na confluência entre a Linguística e o Ensino-Aprendizagem de Língua e tem como objetivo investigar a maneira como se configura a autoria em atividades de ensino de Língua Portuguesa produzidas por graduandos de Letras (UFPA).Para tanto, precisamos percorrer as discussões já empreendidas sobre a formação do professor de língua portuguesa, principalmente acerca das perspectivas da reflexividade(-crítica) (CONTRERAS, 2002;PIMENTA, 2005;MAGALHÃES, 2004;HORIKAWA, 2004), da discursividade (TÁPIAS-OLIVEIRA, 2005;EUFRÁSIO, 2007;FAIRCHILD, 2009; 2010 etc.), e na de materiais de ensino de língua(MARCUSCHI, 2002;SALZANO, 2004;LEFFA, 2003;CERQUEIRA, 2010), das´noções teóricas – no campo do discurso –de autoria (FOUCAULT, 2006a; 2006b; BARTHES, 1984; POSSENTI, 2002; entre outros), subjetividade (PÊCHEUX, 2010; BAKHTIN, 1997; AUTHIER-REVUZ, 1990; 2004; entre outros), escrita (NASIO, 1993; GERALDI, 1997;RIOLFI, 2003; 2008). Inserida ao Projeto de Pesquisa “O desafio de ensinar a leitura e a escrita no contexto do ensino fundamental de nove anos e da inserção do laptop na escola pública brasileira”, que dentre seus objetivos tem o de refletir acerca da formação inicial de professores (Licenciatura em Letras e Pedagogia) e sua relação com as demandas emergentes do cotidiano escolar brasileiro, esta pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa, já que de caráter descritiva/interpretativista,com a coleta do corpus em dois contextos: (i) na disciplina Recursos Tecnológicos no Ensino do Português (1º semestre de 2011), como professor e (ii) na disciplina Estágio no Ensino Fundamental(1º semestre de 2012), como observadoras aulas ministradas pelo professor da disciplina. Nesses dois momentos, houve registro e documentação dos materiais para ensino de língua elaborados pelos graduandos.A análise se deu da seguinte forma: compreensão global de todos os exercícios a fim de se descrever tipologicamente as atividades e mapear as vozes discursivas que as entrecortam; em seguida, detivemo-nos em seteatividades para analisar a maneira como se deu o gerenciamento das vozes, a constituição da subjetividade e por fim os indícios de autoria presentes nos exercícios. Os resultados mostram certa dificuldade dos graduandos em gerenciar as vozes (i) das orientações teórico-metodológicas da área, (ii) do material lingüístico-discursivo objeto de ensino e (iii) do suposto aluno alvo da atividade para que consigam de forma original serem autores de seus exercícios, e não serem meros consumidores de teorias e de materiais didáticos prontos para serem aplicados em sala de aula.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Snakes from Bothrops genus are responsible for more than 90% of the ophidian accidents in Brazil. One of the main complications from this kind of accident is muscular necrosis, which is related to the action of phospholipases A2 and metalloproteases, two groups of enzymes found in the venom of these animals. Although this complication cannot be solved by serum therapy administration, a great number of studies have been performed with the attempt to know the pharmacological sites of these toxins aiming, in the future, the development of complementary treatments to serum therapy. This work proposes structural studies of bothropic phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) in the presence of ions relevant to their activity, using the X-ray crystallography technique. Recently, it was demonstrated ions, as manganese, calcium and others, interfere in the biological activity of the PLA2s. Particularly, Lys49-PLA2s in the presence of manganese ions have miotoxicity reduced. Asp49-PLA2s show catalytic activity dependent of calcium, although structural studies with a miotoxic Asp49-PLA2, BthTX-II, suggest a possible catalytic mechanism independent of calcium. Therefore, co-crystallization of BthTX-II in the presence of calcium ions and of PrTX-I in the presence of manganese ions were performed. Comparative structural studies among obtained results and others already published in the literature were performed aiming a better understanding of the structure-function relationship of these toxins. The BthTX-II with the presence of calcium do not show this ion in the loop of coordination of calcium, presence necessary to develop the catalyses. After comparison of this model with the native one, only one distortion was found, but no apparent relationship with the residues responsible for its activity. In the PrTX-I structure, regions candidates of manganese ions were also found... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)