Analysis of asphalt concrete permeability data using representative pore size

The permeability of asphalt concrete has been the subject of much study by pavement engineers over the last decade. The work undertaken has tended to focus on high air voids as the primary indicator of permeable asphalt concrete. This paper presents a simple approach for understanding the parameters that affect permeability. Principles explained by Taylor in 1956 in channel theory work for soils are used to derive a new parameter-representative pore size. Representative pore size is related to the air voids in the compacted mix and the D75 of the asphalt mix grading curve. Collected Superpave permeability data from published literature and data collected by the writers at the Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads is shown to be better correlated with representative pore size than air voids, reducing the scatter considerably. Using the database of collected field and laboratory permeability values an equation is proposed that pavement engineers can use to estimate the permeability of in-place pavements. © 2011 ASCE.

Automated Computation of the Fundamental Matrix for Vision-Based Construction Site Applications

Estimating the fundamental matrix (F), to determine the epipolar geometry between a pair of images or video frames, is a basic step for a wide variety of vision-based functions used in construction operations, such as camera-pair calibration, automatic progress monitoring, and 3D reconstruction. Currently, robust methods (e.g., SIFT + normalized eight-point algorithm + RANSAC) are widely used in the construction community for this purpose. Although they can provide acceptable accuracy, the significant amount of required computational time impedes their adoption in real-time applications, especially video data analysis with many frames per second. Aiming to overcome this limitation, this paper presents and evaluates the accuracy of a solution to find F by combining the use of two speedy and consistent methods: SURF for the selection of a robust set of point correspondences and the normalized eight-point algorithm. This solution is tested extensively on construction site image pairs including changes in viewpoint, scale, illumination, rotation, and moving objects. The results demonstrate that this method can be used for real-time applications (5 image pairs per second with the resolution of 640 × 480) involving scenes of the built environment.

Achievements and Challenges in Recognizing and Reconstructing Civil Infrastructure

The US National Academy of Engineering recently identified restoring and improving urban infrastructure as one of the grand challenges of engineering. Part of this challenge stems from the lack of viable methods to map/label existing infrastructure. For computer vision, this challenge becomes “How can we automate the process of extracting geometric, object oriented models of infrastructure from visual data?” Object recognition and reconstruction methods have been successfully devised and/or adapted to answer this question for small or linear objects (e.g. columns). However, many infrastructure objects are large and/or planar without significant and distinctive features, such as walls, floor slabs, and bridge decks. How can we recognize and reconstruct them in a 3D model? In this paper, strategies for infrastructure object recognition and reconstruction are presented, to set the stage for posing the question above and discuss future research in featureless, large/planar object recognition and modeling.

利用气相色谱/质谱联用分析林麝麝香中麝香酮和甾类成分

采用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用的方法,对林麝麝香中的甾体成分进行分析,确定了林麝麝香样品含有多种甾体成分的结构,并分析了不同来源的林麝麝香的麝香酮及甾体成分。通过检索NIST05质谱库,进一步确定了麝香中含有16种甾体成分。利用外标法、标准曲线法同时测定了麝香样品中3种甾类成分(胆固醇、苯胆烷醇酮及麝香酮)的含量,麝香酮的定量分析显示所有样品麝香中麝香酮含量均较高(30.1～45.2mg/g),但甾类成分含量波动较大。聚类分析显示,9个麝香样品聚为两支。利用GC/MS技术检测麝香成分的方法,可以提供

中国桥弯藻科(硅藻门)的新记录植物

本文报道了采自新疆维吾尔自治区的桥弯藻科(硅藻门)中国新记录植物11种3变种,分别为Amphora mexi-canavar.major(Cleve)A.Cleve,Amphora twenteanaKrammer,Encyonema cespitosumK櫣tzing,Encyonema silesiacumvar.ventriformisKrammer,Cymbopleura albanicaKrammer et Miho,Cymbopleura apiculataKrammer,Cymbopleur

倪氏复口吸虫尾蚴和后囊蚴体壁的超微结构观察

国家杰出青年科学基金项目(30025035)资助

围隔中不同密度鲢对浮游植物的影响

试验采用2.5 m×2.5 m围隔,共设置4个试验鱼密度:0、116、176、和316 g/m2,研究了不同密度的鲢对浮游植物的影响。结果表明,仅在无鱼围隔中有大量个体较大的透明溞(Daphnia galeata)产生,并且在无鱼围隔中,浮游植物生物量最低,透明度显著的高于其他的围隔。与其它类似的围隔试验所不同的是:在无鱼围隔中没有蓝藻水华的发生。在有鱼围隔中,浮游甲壳动物始终由个体较小的微型裸腹溞占优势。并且浮游植物的生物量随着鲢密度的升高而降低。浮游植物的种类组成在不同鲢密度的围隔中比较相似,与无鱼围