Conservação pós-colheita de mangaba (Hancornia Speciosa Gomes)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with microwaves irradiation and its effects on the structure and on enzymatic hydrolysis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sugar markers in aerosol particles from an agro-industrial region in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Metabolismo da videira ‘syrah’ no semiárido nordestino sob três estratégias hídricas

The almost complete absence or misdistribution of water as a natural resource frequently constitute a limiting factor for plant growth and development in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil. In this context, the use of appropriate irrigation techniques is an essential and indispensable factor for proper functioning of the primary and secondary metabolisms in plants. This study aimed to assess the metabolism of the Syrah grapevine in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil, by using three irrigation strategies (controlled deficit irrigation [CDI], deficit irrigation [DI], and full irrigation [FI]). The research was conducted at Embrapa Semiarid (Embrapa-Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation), Experimental Field of Bebedouro, municipality of Petrolina, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The statistical design was randomized blocks, with a 3 x 6 factorial scheme. Six samplings were performed throughout the experiment cycle at 54, 60, 73, 87, 101, and 115 days after pruning (DAP). We analyzed the total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, total soluble protein, and invertase activity. Analysis of variance and the F test were performed for all analyzed variables. The means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% significance. At the end of the experiment cycle, DI was found to increase the average acid invertase activity in the plant cell wall. Further, by the end of the experiment cycle, the total soluble sugars and reducing sugars increased in all plants in the three irrigation strategies. Thus, we conclude that it is possible to reduce water consumption in vineyards of the semi-arid northeastern Brazil, without significantly affecting the protein and sugar metabolisms in the plants.

Multi-scale structural and chemical analysis of sugarcane bagasse in the process of sequential acid-base pretreatment and ethanol production by Scheffersomyces shehatae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Qualidade de frutos de tomate ‘giuliana’ tratados com produtos de efeitos fisiológicos

The present work evaluated the effect of strobilurins, boscalid, plant growth regulators and vegetal extracts on the physico-chemical quality of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.), hybrid Giuliana. The fruits from each treatment were selected and separated in 4 repetitions: control, pyraclostrobin, boscalid, pyraclostrobin + boscalid, IBA + GA(3) + kinetin, GA(4+7) + benzylaminopurine and vegetal extract. The first application was carried out at 30 days after transplant and the following at every 15 days. The evaluations were: weight loss, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), SS/TA relation, pH, ascorbic acid content, texture, total soluble sugars (TSS), activity of pectin methyl esterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG). The SS content, responsible for fruit flavor, varied accordingly to the treatment, being highest for GA(4+7) + benzylaminopurine and lowest for the control. The same occurred regarding the SS/AT relation. The fruits were kept on the shelf for 9 days, at room temperature, being that at the end of this period several treatments still presented fruit in optimal consumption conditions, notably the boscalid treatment, which presented lowest weight loss, followed by pyraclostrobin. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the treatments did not modify the values for pH, AT and AST of the fruits. The highest PME activity was observed for the treatments with boscalid and the mixture of boscalid and pyraclostrobin, while the lowest PG activity occurred in the control and the pyraclostrobin treatment, indicating that some products accelerated the process of demethylation of pectins by PME, facilitating the action of PG.

Conservação pós-colheita de melões inteiros e minimamente processados

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Qualidade da cana-de-açúcar avaliadas nas partes do colmo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Adubação fosfatada e épocas de cultivo na composição química de sementes de cultivares de feijoeiro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Processamento de frutos de abacaxizeiro cv smooth cayenne: perfil de açúcares e ácidos dos sucos e composição nutricional da farinha de cascas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo de espécies de Chrysobalanaceae com ação citotóxica: análise metabolômica visando ao entendimento de associações sinérgicas e da complexidade micromolecular

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Narrow Fungal Mycorrhizal Diversity in a Population of the Orchid Coppensia doniana

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Nodulação, aspectos bioquímicos, crescimento e produtividade do feijoeiro em função da aplicação de bioestimulante

The use of biostimulants can alter plant growth and development, but the action of they may be varied according to the stage of development of the plant. The aim was to evaluate the effects of forms and times of a biostimulant (cytokinin, indolebutyric acid, and gibberellic acid) application on nodulation, some biochemical aspects, growth and yield of common bean cultivar Perola. The treatments were: Control (without application); TS - 250 mL ha(-1) seed treatment; V-4 - 250 mL ha(-1) foliar spray in V-4 stage; R-5 - 250 mL ha(-1) foliar spray in R-5 stage; TS+V-4 - 250 mL ha(-1) in TS + 250 mL ha(-1) in V-4; TS+R-5 - 250 mL ha(-1) in TS + 250 mL ha(-1) in R-5; V-4+R-5 - 250 mL ha(-1) in V-4 + 250 mL ha(-1) in R-5, and TS+V-4+R-5 - 250 mL ha(-1) in TS + 250 mL ha(-1) in V-4 + 250 mL ha(-1) in R-5. The foliar biostimulant application in the vegetative (V-4) or early reproductive phase (R-5) increases nodulation, root growth, content of soluble sugars, content of total amino acid and nitrate reductase activity, however, does not interfere with shoot growth and grain yield of common bean.

Dinâmica da secreção de néctar em Zeyheria montana Mart. (Bignoniaceae) relacionada à atividade dos beija-fores polinizadores

The Cerrado is home to important biodiversity areas in the state of Sao Paulo. Therefore, research on the reproduction of species of this biome are essential to help conservation programs. Pollination is the main mechanism by which outcrossing plants perpetuate their populations, and the attractive, such as nectar, are of vital importance to many anthophilous animals and essential to the maintenance of interactions with pollinators. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the ecological dynamics of secretion and sugar composition of floral nectar in Zeyheria montana, an ornithophilous exclusive Cerrado species, visited preferentially by Colibri serrirostris, also exclusive to this biome. This dynamic was assessed in isolated flowers in pre-anthesis, using microsyringes to collect nectar and manual refractometer to measure the concentration. Experiments were carried out to evaluate production throughout anthesis, including the assessment of total daily production, the effect of successive removal, the rate of production during the day and night and changes in concentration and composition of sugars, which was performed in HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The rate of nectar production was about three times greater at night with a concentration two times lower, resulting in a supply of large amounts of dilute nectar in the early morning hours, peak of visitation for hummingbirds. Moreover, the production of nectar was more pronounced before the anthesis, and is available to visitors already in newly opened flowers, which are preferentially visited by C. serrirostris. There was an increase in the nectar production of flowers in the group with successive manual removal upon the control group, suggesting that the withdrawal by visitors stimulates the production, ensuring the availability of the resource including flowers previously visited... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Produção de hidrolisado enzimático de farinha de batata-doce para fermentação etanólica

Recently there is a great quest of producing alcohol from starchy resources, replacing the sugar cane. The most common starchy sources are cassava, maize and sweet potatoes and a lot of research are been realized with excellent results. In this work it was evaluated the influence of the concentration of dry matter on the enzymatic hydrolysis process of starch from sweet potato for ethanol production. Through the sweet potato was produced a flour using a low-cost method and easy operation equipments. The sweet potato flour was characterized physical and chemically and from these results was prepared the treatments for enzymatic hydrolysis. The experimental design considered as independent variable the dry matter concentration of the sweet potato flour in 3 levels; 10, 15 and 20% in the formulation of suspensions. The other variables were keeping constant being: temperature in the 1° hydrolysis step of 90°C and time of 2 hours; temperature in the 2° saccharification step of 60°C and time of 17 hours. The hydrolysates obtained at the three assays were transferred to six liter enlerynmeyer and inoculated with a biologic catalyst, Saccharomyces, dehydrated yeasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT 1, at a rate of 5% in weight. The flasks were placed in a shaker type orbital with controlled temperature of 30°C during a time of 15 hours. The initial reducer sugars concentration and respective ethanol concentrations in wine were: 11.2% glucose and 2.16% ethanol in the suspension with 10% of dry matter; 13.5% glucose and 4.39% ethanol with 15% and 17.5% glucose and 6.03% ethanol in suspension with 20% of dry matter. ix The results showed that the higher percentage of dry matter carried out to higher sugar yield in hydrolyzed. It was possible observed that products quality improved with a higher concentration of dry matter