Automatização da alocação de posições na estrutura organizacional de SAP

Este documento apresenta uma análise ao desenvolvimento de uma solução que pretende automatizar o processo de alocação de colaboradores a posições na estrutura organizacional de uma empresa. A solução destina-se a um cliente que utiliza o módulo de recursos humanos de um sistema SAP para gerir toda está informação. O cliente da Konkconsulting para o qual foi desenvolvida a solução possui um modelo organizacional de elevada complexidade, com mais de 180000 colaboradores dispersos em milhares de organizações em todo o mundo. A solução tem como objetivo melhorar a forma como a sua estrutura organizacional está a ser gerida, de modo a reduzir a quantidade de informação desnecessária que é constantemente criada pelos utilizadores sem qualquer critério. Para que tal fosse possível foram implementadas um conjunto de funcionalidades em SAP (mais concretamente no módulo de recursos humanos) com o objetivo de automatizar a alocação e a manutenção de todas as posições dentro da empresa. Estas funcionalidades foram diretamente integradas na aplicação do cliente que é responsável pela gestão de processos na área dos recursos humanos, de modo a garantir que todas as restruturações provocadas por novas contratações, realocações de colaboradores ou suspensões são automaticamente geridas por estas funcionalidades. O documento detalha a forma como as funcionalidades foram desenvolvidas e integradas nos diferentes componentes da aplicação de modo a garantir a alocação automática de colaboradores ao contexto organizacional pretendido. Todo este processo é inovador no que diz respeito a SAP e visa essencialmente uma necessidade do cliente que não se encontra satisfeita por nenhuma solução ou aplicação do sistema. A implementação desta solução permitiu automatizar um processo que era executado manualmente pelos administradores do sistema e que provocava inconsistências de dados frequentes.

Análise de desempenho de algoritmos de otimização para extração de parâmetros em modelos semicondutores de potência

Apresenta-se nesta tese uma revisão da literatura sobre a modelação de semicondutores de potência baseada na física e posterior análise de desempenho de dois métodos estocásticos, Particle Swarm Optimizaton (PSO) e Simulated Annealing (SA), quando utilizado para identificação eficiente de parâmetros de modelos de dispositivos semicondutores de potência, baseado na física. O conhecimento dos valores destes parâmetros, para cada dispositivo, é fundamental para uma simulação precisa do comportamento dinâmico do semicondutor. Os parâmetros são extraídos passo-a-passo durante simulação transiente e desempenham um papel relevante. Uma outra abordagem interessante nesta tese relaciona-se com o facto de que nos últimos anos, os métodos de modelação para dispositivos de potência têm emergido, com alta precisão e baixo tempo de execução baseado na Equação de Difusão Ambipolar (EDA) para díodos de potência e implementação no MATLAB numa estratégia de optimização formal. A equação da EDA é resolvida numericamente sob várias condições de injeções e o modelo é desenvolvido e implementado como um subcircuito no simulador IsSpice. Larguras de camada de depleção, área total do dispositivo, nível de dopagem, entre outras, são alguns dos parâmetros extraídos do modelo. Extração de parâmetros é uma parte importante de desenvolvimento de modelo. O objectivo de extração de parâmetros e otimização é determinar tais valores de parâmetros de modelo de dispositivo que minimiza as diferenças entre um conjunto de características medidas e resultados obtidos pela simulação de modelo de dispositivo. Este processo de minimização é frequentemente chamado de ajuste de características de modelos para dados de medição. O algoritmo implementado, PSO é uma técnica de heurística de otimização promissora, eficiente e recentemente proposta por Kennedy e Eberhart, baseado no comportamento social. As técnicas propostas são encontradas para serem robustas e capazes de alcançar uma solução que é caracterizada para ser precisa e global. Comparada com algoritmo SA já realizada, o desempenho da técnica proposta tem sido testado utilizando dados experimentais para extrair parâmetros de dispositivos reais das características I-V medidas. Para validar o modelo, comparação entre resultados de modelo desenvolvido com um outro modelo já desenvolvido são apresentados.

Automated image tagging through tag propagation

Trabalho apresentado no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Informática, como requisito parcial Para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Database repairs with answer set programming

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Análise do desempenho térmico de construções: projeto e soluções alternativas

O presente Relatório de Estágio representa o último passo para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Ramo de Construções, lecionado no Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). Este relatório refere-se ao trabalho desenvolvido em estágio na entidade acolhedora Concexec – Arquitetura, Lda., através da elaboração e desenvolvimento dos projetos de térmica de edifícios referentes a duas moradias unifamiliares. Os referidos projetos foram elaborados em colaboração com a entidade patronal do estágio, precedidos de visitas aos locais das respetivas obras e análise dos respetivos projetos de especialidades considerados relevantes. Numa primeira parte do relatório está descrita a realidade da situação energética atual em Portugal, sucedida da referência e descrição de soluções construtivas disponíveis no mercado nacional que visam a melhoria da eficiência energética em edifícios de habitação. Numa segunda parte do relatório encontram-se descritos, de uma forma detalhada, os projetos de térmica de edifícios referidos e respetivas soluções alternativas, sucedidos de uma análise energética e económica que permita deduzir qual a melhor solução a ser aplicada mediante o caso. Os resultados obtidos cumpriram com todos os requisitos regulamentares estabelecidos, permitindo obter conclusões adequadas ao âmbito do presente Relatório de Estágio, cumprindo, desta forma, os objetivos que lhe foram estabelecidos. No final estão descritas as conclusões que foram obtidas durante todo o processo de pesquisa e desenvolvimento do estágio realizado.

Analisador de qualidade de energia eléctrica embebido na instalação eléctrica

A monitorização da qualidade da energia eléctrica tem revelado importância crescente na gestão e caracterização da rede eléctrica. Estudos revelam que os custos directos relacionados com perda de qualidade da energia eléctrica podem representar cerca de 1,5 % do PIB nacional. Para além destes, tem-se adicionalmente os custos indirectos o que se traduz num problema que necessita de minimização. No contexto da minimização dos danos causados pela degradação de energia, são utilizados equipamentos com capacidade de caracterizar a energia eléctrica através da sua monitorização. A utilização destes equipamentos têm subjacente normas de qualidade de energia, que impõem requisitos mínimos de modo a enquadrar e classificar eventos ocorridos na rede eléctrica. Deste modo obtêm-se dados coerentes provenientes de diferentes equipamentos. A monitorização dos parâmetros associados à energia eléctrica é frequentemente realizada através da instalação temporária dos esquipamentos na rede eléctrica, o que resulta numa observação de distúrbios a posteriori da sua ocasião. Esta metodologia não permite detectar o evento eléctrico original mas, quando muito, outros que se espera que sejam semelhantes ao ocorrido. Repare-se, no entanto, que existe um conjunto alargado de eventos que não são repetitivos, constituindo assim uma limitação aquela metodologia. Este trabalho descreve uma alternativa à metodologia de utilização tradicional dos equipamentos. A solução consiste em realizar um analisador de energia que faça parte integrante da instalação e permita a monitorização contínua da rede eléctrica. Este equipamento deve ter um custo suficientemente baixo para que seja justificável nesta utilização alternativa. O analisador de qualidade de energia a desenvolver tem por base o circuito integrado ADE7880, que permite obter um conjunto de parâmetros da qualidade de energia eléctrica de acordo com as normas de energia IEC 61000-4-30 e IEC 61000-4-7. Este analisador permite a recolha contínua de dados específicos da rede eléctrica, e que posteriormente serão armazenados e colocados à disposição do utilizador. Deste modo os dados recolhidos serão apresentados ao utilizador para consulta, de maneira a verificar, de modo continuo a eventual ocorrência das anomalias na rede. Os valores adquiridos podem ainda ser reutilizados vantajosamente para muitas outras finalidades tais como efectuar estudos sobre a optimização energética. O trabalho presentemente desenvolvido decorre de uma utilização alternativa do dispositivo WeSense Energy1 desenvolvido pela equipa da Evoleo Technologies. A presente vertente permite obter parâmetros determinados pelo ADE7880 tais como por exemplo harmónicos, eventos transitórios de tensão e corrente e o desfasamento entre fases, realizando assim uma nova versão do dispositivo, o WeSense Energy2. Adicionalmente este trabalho inclui a visualização remota dos através de uma página web.

Electricity markets modeling considering complex contracts and aggregators

All over the world, the liberalization of electricity markets, which follows different paradigms, has created new challenges for those involved in this sector. In order to respond to these challenges, electric power systems suffered a significant restructuring in its mode of operation and planning. This restructuring resulted in a considerable increase of the electric sector competitiveness. Particularly, the Ancillary Services (AS) market has been target of constant renovations in its operation mode as it is a targeted market for the trading of services, which have as main objective to ensure the operation of electric power systems with appropriate levels of stability, safety, quality, equity and competitiveness. In this way, with the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources including distributed generation, demand response, storage units and electric vehicles, it is essential to develop new smarter and hierarchical methods of operation of electric power systems. As these resources are mostly connected to the distribution network, it is important to consider the introduction of this kind of resources in AS delivery in order to achieve greater reliability and cost efficiency of electrical power systems operation. The main contribution of this work is the design and development of mechanisms and methodologies of AS market and for energy and AS joint market, considering different management entities of transmission and distribution networks. Several models developed in this work consider the most common AS in the liberalized market environment: Regulation Down; Regulation Up; Spinning Reserve and Non-Spinning Reserve. The presented models consider different rules and ways of operation, such as the division of market by network areas, which allows the congestion management of interconnections between areas; or the ancillary service cascading process, which allows the replacement of AS of superior quality by lower quality of AS, ensuring a better economic performance of the market. A major contribution of this work is the development an innovative methodology of market clearing process to be used in the energy and AS joint market, able to ensure viable and feasible solutions in markets, where there are technical constraints in the transmission network involving its division into areas or regions. The proposed method is based on the determination of Bialek topological factors and considers the contribution of the dispatch for all services of increase of generation (energy, Regulation Up, Spinning and Non-Spinning reserves) in network congestion. The use of Bialek factors in each iteration of the proposed methodology allows limiting the bids in the market while ensuring that the solution is feasible in any context of system operation. Another important contribution of this work is the model of the contribution of distributed energy resources in the ancillary services. In this way, a Virtual Power Player (VPP) is considered in order to aggregate, manage and interact with distributed energy resources. The VPP manages all the agents aggregated, being able to supply AS to the system operator, with the main purpose of participation in electricity market. In order to ensure their participation in the AS, the VPP should have a set of contracts with the agents that include a set of diversified and adapted rules to each kind of distributed resource. All methodologies developed and implemented in this work have been integrated into the MASCEM simulator, which is a simulator based on a multi-agent system that allows to study complex operation of electricity markets. In this way, the developed methodologies allow the simulator to cover more operation contexts of the present and future of the electricity market. In this way, this dissertation offers a huge contribution to the AS market simulation, based on models and mechanisms currently used in several real markets, as well as the introduction of innovative methodologies of market clearing process on the energy and AS joint market. This dissertation presents five case studies; each one consists of multiple scenarios. The first case study illustrates the application of AS market simulation considering several bids of market players. The energy and ancillary services joint market simulation is exposed in the second case study. In the third case study it is developed a comparison between the simulation of the joint market methodology, in which the player bids to the ancillary services is considered by network areas and a reference methodology. The fourth case study presents the simulation of joint market methodology based on Bialek topological distribution factors applied to transmission network with 7 buses managed by a TSO. The last case study presents a joint market model simulation which considers the aggregation of small players to a VPP, as well as complex contracts related to these entities. The case study comprises a distribution network with 33 buses managed by VPP, which comprises several kinds of distributed resources, such as photovoltaic, CHP, fuel cells, wind turbines, biomass, small hydro, municipal solid waste, demand response, and storage units.

Brokerage Platform for Media Content Recommendation

Near real time media content personalisation is nowadays a major challenge involving media content sources, distributors and viewers. This paper describes an approach to seamless recommendation, negotiation and transaction of personalised media content. It adopts an integrated view of the problem by proposing, on the business-to-business (B2B) side, a brokerage platform to negotiate the media items on behalf of the media content distributors and sources, providing viewers, on the business-to-consumer (B2C) side, with a personalised electronic programme guide (EPG) containing the set of recommended items after negotiation. In this setup, when a viewer connects, the distributor looks up and invites sources to negotiate the contents of the viewer personal EPG. The proposed multi-agent brokerage platform is structured in four layers, modelling the registration, service agreement, partner lookup, invitation as well as item recommendation, negotiation and transaction stages of the B2B processes. The recommendation service is a rule-based switch hybrid filter, including six collaborative and two content-based filters. The rule-based system selects, at runtime, the filter(s) to apply as well as the final set of recommendations to present. The filter selection is based on the data available, ranging from the history of items watched to the ratings and/or tags assigned to the items by the viewer. Additionally, this module implements (i) a novel item stereotype to represent newly arrived items, (ii) a standard user stereotype for new users, (iii) a novel passive user tag cloud stereotype for socially passive users, and (iv) a new content-based filter named the collinearity and proximity similarity (CPS). At the end of the paper, we present off-line results and a case study describing how the recommendation service works. The proposed system provides, to our knowledge, an excellent holistic solution to the problem of recommending multimedia contents.

Real-Time Application Mapping for Many-Cores Using a Limited Migrative Model

Many-core platforms are an emerging technology in the real-time embedded domain. These devices offer various options for power savings, cost reductions and contribute to the overall system flexibility, however, issues such as unpredictability, scalability and analysis pessimism are serious challenges to their integration into the aforementioned area. The focus of this work is on many-core platforms using a limited migrative model (LMM). LMM is an approach based on the fundamental concepts of the multi-kernel paradigm, which is a promising step towards scalable and predictable many-cores. In this work, we formulate the problem of real-time application mapping on a many-core platform using LMM, and propose a three-stage method to solve it. An extended version of the existing analysis is used to assure that derived mappings (i) guarantee the fulfilment of timing constraints posed on worst-case communication delays of individual applications, and (ii) provide an environment to perform load balancing for e.g. energy/thermal management, fault tolerance and/or performance reasons.

A Multi-DAG Model for Real-Time Parallel Applications with Conditional Execution

The 30th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium On Applied Computing (SAC 2015). 13 to 17, Apr, 2015, Embedded Systems. Salamanca, Spain.

Mapping of a Leishmania major gene/locus that confers pentamidine resistance by deletion and insertion of transposable element

Pentamidine (PEN) is an alternative compound to treat antimony-resistant leishmaniasis patients, which cellular target remains unclear. One approach to the identification of prospective targets is to identify genes able to mediate PEN resistance following overexpression. Starting from a genomic library of transfected parasites bearing a multicopy episomal cosmid vector containing wild-type Leishmania major DNA, we isolated one locus capable to render PEN resistance to wild type cells after DNA transfection. In order to map this Leishmania locus, cosmid insert was deleted by two successive sets of partial digestion with restriction enzymes, followed by transfection into wild type cells, overexpression, induction and functional tests in the presence of PEN. To determine the Leishmania gene related to PEN resistance, nucleotide sequencing experiments were done through insertion of the transposon Mariner element of Drosophila melanogaster (mosK) into the deleted insert to work as primer island. Using general molecular techniques, we described here this method that permits a quickly identification of a functional gene facilitating nucleotide sequence experiments from large DNA fragments. Followed experiments revealed the presence of a P-Glycoprotein gene in this locus which role in Leishmania metabolism has now been analyzed.

Allocation of Parallel Real-Time Tasks in Distributed Multi-core Architectures supported by an FTT-SE Network

Distributed real-time systems such as automotive applications are becoming larger and more complex, thus, requiring the use of more powerful hardware and software architectures. Furthermore, those distributed applications commonly have stringent real-time constraints. This implies that such applications would gain in flexibility if they were parallelized and distributed over the system. In this paper, we consider the problem of allocating fixed-priority fork-join Parallel/Distributed real-time tasks onto distributed multi-core nodes connected through a Flexible Time Triggered Switched Ethernet network. We analyze the system requirements and present a set of formulations based on a constraint programming approach. Constraint programming allows us to express the relations between variables in the form of constraints. Our approach is guaranteed to find a feasible solution, if one exists, in contrast to other approaches based on heuristics. Furthermore, approaches based on constraint programming have shown to obtain solutions for these type of formulations in reasonable time.

A framework for using real data with distributed low cost sensors

Currently, due to the widespread use of computers and the internet, students are trading libraries for the World Wide Web and laboratories with simulation programs. In most courses, simulators are made available to students and can be used to proof theoretical results or to test a developing hardware/product. Although this is an interesting solution: low cost, easy and fast way to perform some courses work, it has indeed major disadvantages. As everything is currently being done with/in a computer, the students are loosing the “feel” of the real values of the magnitudes. For instance in engineering studies, and mainly in the first years, students need to learn electronics, algorithmic, mathematics and physics. All of these areas can use numerical analysis software, simulation software or spreadsheets and in the majority of the cases data used is either simulated or random numbers, but real data could be used instead. For example, if a course uses numerical analysis software and needs a dataset, the students can learn to manipulate arrays. Also, when using the spreadsheets to build graphics, instead of using a random table, students could use a real dataset based, for instance, in the room temperature and its variation across the day. In this work we present a framework which uses a simple interface allowing it to be used by different courses where the computers are the teaching/learning process in order to give a more realistic feeling to students by using real data. A framework is proposed based on a set of low cost sensors for different physical magnitudes, e.g. temperature, light, wind speed, which are connected to a central server, that the students have access with an Ethernet protocol or are connected directly to the student computer/laptop. These sensors use the communication ports available such as: serial ports, parallel ports, Ethernet or Universal Serial Bus (USB). Since a central server is used, the students are encouraged to use sensor values results in their different courses and consequently in different types of software such as: numerical analysis tools, spreadsheets or simply inside any programming language when a dataset is needed. In order to do this, small pieces of hardware were developed containing at least one sensor using different types of computer communication. As long as the sensors are attached in a server connected to the internet, these tools can also be shared between different schools. This allows sensors that aren't available in a determined school to be used by getting the values from other places that are sharing them. Another remark is that students in the more advanced years and (theoretically) more know how, can use the courses that have some affinities with electronic development to build new sensor pieces and expand the framework further. The final solution provided is very interesting, low cost, simple to develop, allowing flexibility of resources by using the same materials in several courses bringing real world data into the students computer works.

Forest fire detection with a small fixed wing autonomous aerial vehicle

In this work a forest fire detection solution using small autonomous aerial vehicles is proposed. The FALCOS unmanned aerial vehicle developed for remote-monitoring purposes is described. This is a small size UAV with onboard vision processing and autonomous flight capabilities. A set of custom developed navigation sensors was developed for the vehicle. Fire detection is performed through the use of low cost digital cameras and near-infrared sensors. Test results for navigation and ignition detection in real scenario are presented.

Semi-Partitioned Scheduling of Fork-Join Tasks using Work-Stealing

13th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC 2015). 21 to 23, Oct, 2015, Session W1-A: Multiprocessing and Multicore Architectures. Porto, Portugal.