Guia d’educació afectivosexual

Guia d'educació afectivosexual que va sorgir a partir del taller participatiu que es va dur a terme a la Jornada de la Comunitat d’Educadors/es Socials que es va fer el 22 de febrer de 2008, en la qual es va constituir un grup de professionals de diferents centres que s’encarregaria, entre d’altres qüestions, d’elaborar una guia que pogués servir com a material base per a la resta d’educadors/es dels centres penitenciaris. El material elaborat serveix tant per treballar amb població reclusa masculina com femenina. Aquesta perspectiva de gènere no només s’haurà de tenir en compte de cara als destinataris del manual, sinó també en l’abordatge dels diferents continguts, sobretot per treballar mites i estereotips lligats als rols masculins i femenins en la nostra societat. A més de la perspectiva de gènere, compta amb un element força determinant com és la cultura i la transmissió de valors subjacent, sense entrar en condicionaments morals ni qüestionaments purament filosòfics. En aquesta Guia trobareu una sèrie d’unitats didàctiques classificades segons el vessant del qual parlem (biològic, psicològic, social, sexualitat i afectivitat), les quals inclouen diferents activitats que es poden dur a terme en els centres penitenciaris de Catalunya. Al final hi hem recopilat diversos models d’avaluació perquè pugueu fer un seguiment d’allò que us funciona i d’allò que caldria modificar. A més, si necessiteu més informació, podeu consultar el conjunt de llibres i webs curosament seleccionats atenent a la seva rigorositat i serietat, que citem al final del treball.

Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence in undocumented migrants undergoing voluntary termination of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis infection (CTI) is the most frequent sexual transmitted disease (STI) in Switzerland but its prevalence in undocumented migrants is unknown. We aimed to compare CTI prevalence among undocumented migrants undergoing termination of pregnancy (ToP) to the prevalence among women with residency permit. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included all pregnant, undocumented women presenting from March 2005 to October 2006 to the University hospital for ToP. The control group consisted of a systematic sample of pregnant women with legal residency permit coming to the same hospital during the same time period for ToP. RESULTS: One hundred seventy five undocumented women and 208 women with residency permit (controls) were included in the study. Mean ages were 28.0 y (SD 5.5) and 28.2 y (SD 7.5), respectively (p = 0.77). Undocumented women came primarily from Latin-America (78%). Frequently, they lacked contraception (23%, controls 15%, OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.04;2.9). Thirteen percent of undocumented migrants were found to have CTI (compared to 4.4% of controls; OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.4;7.3). CONCLUSION: This population of undocumented, pregnant migrants consisted primarily of young, Latino-American women. Compared to control women, undocumented migrants showed higher prevalence rates of genital CTI, which indicates that health professionals should consider systematic screening for STI in this population. There is a need to design programs providing better access to treatment and education and to increase migrants' awareness of the importance of contraception and transmission of STI.

Complete Maxillo-Mandibular Syngnathia in a Newborn with Multiple Congenital Malformations.

Syngnathia is an extremely rare condition involving congenital fusion of the maxilla with the mandible. Clinical presentations vary from simple mucosal bands (synechiae) to complete bony fusion (synostosis). Most cases are unilateral incomplete fusions. We report the case of a severely growth-retarded newborn infant with complete synostosis of the mandible with the maxilla and the zygoma associated with cleft palate, choanal atresia, deafness, delayed cerebral white matter development, and genital and limb malformations. Extensive genetic analysis did not reveal any mutations. This association of multiple congenital malformations may represent an entity distinct from previously described syndromes associated with syngnathia.

Representaciones de la mujer inmigrante en el cine español contemporáneo (1990-2009)

Este trabajo propone un proyecto de investigación cualitativa sobre las representaciones de la mujer inmigrante en el cine español contemporáneo (1990-2009) y establece un marco teórico que constituye la contextualización y el punto de partida del estudio propuesto a partir de un análisis del status quo de la inmigración femenina en nuestro país. En el marco de la creciente feminización del discurso sobre la inmigración, se efectúa un repaso a losprincipales datos estadísticos referentes a la mujer inmigrante y se realiza un recorrido por las representaciones y las imágenes sociales que de ella transmiten el cine -medio en el que se centrará específicamente la investigación- y los medios de comunicación, en susvertientes periodística y de ficción, a través del análisis de sus respectivos discursos por el impacto que éstos tienen en la opinión pública. Los resultados muestran una notable invisibilidad de la mujer inmigrante y una representación marginal y discriminatoria de la misma

Anorectal Malformations: Finding the Pathway out of the Labyrinth.

Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are a complex group of congenital anomalies involving the distal anus and rectum, as well as the urinary and genital tracts in a significant number of cases. Most ARMs result from abnormal development of the urorectal septum in early fetal life. In most cases, the anus is not perforated and the distal enteric component ends blindly (atresia) or as a fistula into the urinary tract, genital tract, or perineum. ARMs are also present in a great number of syndromes and associations of congenital anomalies. The classification of ARMs is mainly based on the position of the rectal pouch relative to the puborectal sling, the presence or absence of fistulas, and the types and locations of the fistulas. All of this information is crucial in determining the most appropriate surgical approach for each case. Imaging studies play a key role in evaluation and classification of ARMs. In neonates, clinical and radiologic examinations in the first 3 days of life help determine the type of ARM and the need for early colostomy. In older children, preoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging is the most efficient diagnostic method for evaluating the size, morphology, and grade of development of the sphincteric musculature.

A Comparative Study of Transvaginal Tape, Transobturator Tape Outside-in, and Transvaginal Tape-obturator Inside-out Surgical Procedures in the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence

The aim of this work was to use the Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI-6) and Incontinence Impact Quality of Life (IIQ-7) questionnaires to compare 3 surgical techniques for stress urinary incontinence: the transvaginal tape (TVT) (105 women), the transobturator tape outside-in (TOT) (43 women), and the transvaginal tape-obturator inside-out (TVT-O) (54 women). There were no significant differences in frequent urination, urine leakage related to the feeling of urgency, urine leakage related to physical activity, or small amounts of urine leakage. TVT-operated women had a lower percentage of micturition difficulties compared with TOT women. TVT-O-operated women described slight discomfort in the genital area compared with the TVT technique, but this difference was not significant when compared with the TOT technique. When utilizing the UDI-6 and IIQ-7 scoring modifications before and after surgery, no difference among these 3 techniques is apparent.

Estudio clínico y mutacional de una cohorte de pacientes con mutación en el gen hnf1b

HNF1B (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-B localizado en el cromosoma 17q21.3) es un factor de transcripción con un papel fundamental en los primeros estadios del desarrollo y en la organogénesis de diferentes tejidos como el renal, hepático, pancreático o genital. Las mutaciones de este gen se heredan con un patrón autosómico dominante. A nivel renal acostumbran a haber alteraciones morfológicas y grados variables de afectación tubular. A nivel extrarenal se ha relacionado con la diabetes tipo MODY, malformaciones genitales o alteraciones hepáticas. La gran variabilidad de formas de presentación hace que la sospecha clínica resulte en muchas ocasiones dificultosa. En el presente estudio, se realiza una descripción clínica y génètica de los pacientes identificados en nuestro centro con mutación en el gen HNF1b. Observamos, en consonancia con lo descrito en la literatura, una gran variabilidad interfamiliar y intrafamiliar, así como una ausencia de relación fenotipo-genotipo en cuanto la forma de presentación o evolución de la enfermedad. Se recomienda el estudio de HNF1b en pacientes pediátricos o adultos con patología estructural renal, especialmente si se asocia a diabetes tipo MODY, malformaciones genitales, hipomagnesemia, hiperuricemia o antecedentes familiares de nefropatía.

Revisão e análise cladística de Serdia Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini)

Treze espécies são hoje incluídas no gênero: S. apicicornis, Stål, 1860; S. beckerae Thomas & Rolston, 1985; S. calligera Stål, 1860; S. concolor Ruckes, 1958; S. costalis Ruckes, 1958; S. delphis Thomas & Rolston, 1985; S. inspersipes Stål, 1860; S. lobata Thomas & Rolston, 1985; S. rotundicornis Becker, 1967 e S. ruckesi Thomas & Rolston, 1985. Cinco novas espécies são descritas: S. indistincta sp. nov (Irai, Rio Grande do Sul), S. bicolor sp. nov (Ponta Grossa, Paraná), S. maculata sp. nov (Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro), S. máxima sp. nov (Imbituba, Santa Catarina) e S. robusta sp. nov (Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro) do Brasil. A análise cladística foi realizada usando 40 caracteres e 21 táxons. O gênero Tibilis Stål, 1860; Neotibilis Grazia & Barcellos, 1994 e Similliserdia Fortes & Grazia, 1998 foram usados como grupo-externo. A monofilia de Serdia foi sustentada por 3 sinapomorfias: ápice do escutelo com margens enegrecidas, machos com a parede da taça genital espessada com processos em aba, fêmeas com o espessamento da íntima vaginal situado na metade posterior das gonapófises 9 e projetando-se ventralmente. O subgênero Brasiliicola Kirkaldy, 1909 é considerado sinônimo junior de Serdia. São fornecidas ilustrações, mapas de distribuição geográfica e chave para as espécies.

Rectal and vaginal immunization of mice with human papillomavirus L1 virus-like particles.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines based on L1 virus-like particle (VLP) can prevent genital HPV infection and associated lesions after three intramuscular injections. Needle-free administration might facilitate vaccine implementation, especially in developing countries. Here we have investigated rectal and vaginal administration of HPV16 L1 VLPs in mice and their ability to induce anti-VLP and HPV16-neutralizing antibodies in serum and in genital, rectal and oral secretions. Rectal and vaginal immunizations were not effective in the absence of adjuvant. Cholera toxin was able to enhance systemic and mucosal anti-VLPs responses after rectal immunization, but not after vaginal immunization. Rectal immunization with Resiquimod and to a lesser extent Imiquimod, but not monophosphoryl lipid A, induced anti-HPV16 VLP antibodies in serum and secretions. Vaginal immunization was immunogenic only if administered in mice treated with nonoxynol-9, a disrupter of the cervico-vaginal epithelium. Our findings show that rectal and vaginal administration of VLPs can induce significant HPV16-neutralizing antibody levels in secretions, despite the fact that low titers are induced in serum. Imidazoquinolines, largely used to treat genital and anal warts, and nonoxonol-9, used as genital microbicide/spermicide were identified as adjuvants that could be safely used by the rectal or vaginal route, respectively.

A new species of Sycorax Curtis, 1839 from Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil

A new species of Sycorax Curtis, 1839 (Diptera, Psychodidae) from the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Sycorax bravoi Santos, Ferreira & Falqueto sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on samples collected with a Möricke trap installed on the ground at the Biological Station of Santa Lúcia, municipality of Santa Teresa, in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Males have a paramere with a spiniform prolongation on the distal surface and an aedeagus with a long posterior membranous dorsal prolongation. Females have a racket-shaped genital furca and tubular spermatheca, tapered on the apical third. This finding raises the number of Sycorax species known from Brazil to seven.

Troubles du cycle à l'adolescence: une banalité [Menstrual disorders in adolescents: commonplace or worrisome?].

The first menstrual cycles following menarche are often caracterized by irregular and/or heavy bleeding. The adolescent patient may be worried by these episodes of bleeding. In 50-80% of cases these are anovulatory bleeding due to the immaturity of the gonadotrophic axis. Nevertheless pathologies such as von Willebrand disease, genital infection, polycystic ovary syndrom, eating disorders, a tumor or a pregnancy may be diagnosed by bleeding abnormalities. The challenge for the physician is to distinguish between bleeding abnormalities secondary to anovulation and pathologies where investigations and specific follow-up is mandatory. Adolescents who experience abnormal bleeding must be counceled according to their perceptions and expectations.

La Influencia de la percepción de la piel en la determinación de la belleza del rostro según el canon de belleza femenino de China y España

En aquest treball s’ha volgut estudiar la influència de la percepció de la pell en la determinació de la bellesa del rostre segons el canon de bellesa femení a la Xina i a Espanya. L’elecció d’aquests dos països, i cultures, ens ha permès estudiar com un mateix producte ha de presentar-se de manera diferent atenent al pape que juga la claredat de la pell del rostre i l’existència de taques segons el cànon de bellesa femení pres com a referència. Hem centrat la nostra atenció en la reconducció dels missatges a les xarxes socials i fòrums d’internet en els quals es parla de bellesa i salud. Per a això, s’han escollit quatre plataformes: Bbs.pclady.com, Enfenemino.com, Weibo.com, Twitter.com

Description of the male of Evandromyia gaucha Andrade Filho, Souza, Falcão (Psychodidae, Phlebotominae)

Here, we present the description of male of the sand fly species Evandromyia gaucha. Six male specimens of E. gaucha, together with conspecific females, were collected in native forest areas of the municipalities of Porto Alegre, Caçapava do Sul (type locality of E. gaucha) and Santa Cruz do Sul, in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The specimens are distinguished from other species of the rupicola series of the genus Evandromyia by the presence of dilatation in the apical quarter of the genital filaments followed by tapering of the final portion.

Comparative morphology and identification key for females of nine Sarcophagidae species (Diptera) with forensic importance in Southern Brazil

ABSTRACTThe identification of female flesh flies was always considered a difficult task since morphological descriptions and keys for females are rare. Even in a forensic entomology framework, where females play a major role, female flesh flies are usually not identified. In order to fill this gap in Southern Brazil fauna we provide detailed descriptions and key for the female of nine species included in four genera: Microcerella halli (Engel), Oxysarcodexia paulistanensis (Mattos), Oxysarcodexia riograndensis (Lopes), Peckia (Euboettcheria) australis (Townsend), Peckia(Euboettcheria) florencioi (Prado and Fonseca), Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans (Walker), Peckia(Pattonella) resona (Lopes), Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (Wiedemann), and Sarcophaga(Bercaea) africa (Wiedemann). These species are distinguished mainly by genital characters as tergite 6 divided or undivided, presence of tergite 8, spermatheca morphology and vaginal plate shape.

Escriptura en femení a l'àmbit lingüístic català (segles XVI-XVIII)

Comentari d'alguns treballs que recullen i aborden la presència femenina en el món literari català dels segles XVI-XVIII, una presència sovint silenciada i que cal recuperar