Possible adverse drug events leading to hospital admission in a Brazilian teaching hospital

OBJECTIVES: Drug safety problems can lead to hospital admission. In Brazil, the prevalence of hospitalization due to adverse drug events is unknown. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of hospitalization due to adverse drug events and to identify the drugs, the adverse drug events, and the risk factors associated with hospital admissions. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed in the internal medicine ward of a teaching hospital in São Paulo State, Brazil, from August to December 2008. All patients aged ≥18 years with a length of stay ≥24 hours were interviewed about the drugs used prior to hospital admission and their symptoms/complaints/causes of hospitalization. RESULTS: In total, 248 patients were considered eligible. The prevalence of hospitalization due to potential adverse drug events in the ward was 46.4%. Overprescribed drugs and those indicated for prophylactic treatments were frequently associated with possible adverse drug events. Frequently reported symptoms were breathlessness (15.2%), fatigue (12.3%), and chest pain (9.0%). Polypharmacy was a risk factor for the occurrence of possible adverse drug events. CONCLUSION: Possible adverse drug events led to hospitalization in a high-complexity hospital, mainly in polymedicated patients. The clinical outcomes of adverse drug events are nonspecific, which delays treatment, hinders causality analysis, and contributes to the underreporting of cases.

Análise dos atendimentos do SAMU 192: componente móvel da Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

Processamento auditivo em trabalhadores expostos a ruído e inseticida: testes de ordenação temporal e P300

Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC

Influence of uncorrected refractive error and unmet refractive error on visual impairment in a Brazilian population

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Contribuição ao estudo da frequência de sintomas subjetivos, relatados como queixa principal, por pacientes com disfunção craniomandibular

We surveyed subjective symptoms of 600 patients referred to the Occlusion and Craniomandibular Dysfunction Center of the School of Dentistry, Campus of São José dos Campos São Paulo, Brazil. We have only considered those symptoms reported by the patients as major complaints. Our purpose on this project was to draw a profile of the disease considering sex, age and incidence of the symptoms that presented themselves or associated with others. Findings were that we found a significant larger number of women, 82.83%, comparing with 17.17% of men. Most of the patients belonged to the third decade, followed by the fourth and second. The most frequent symptom was pain on TMJ region, 42%, followed by TMJ noises, 26.6%, facial pain, 15.5%, earache, 14.5% and headache, 12.1%. The symptom TMJ noises showed to be statistically more significant in men, while headaches, pain in the neck region and temporary locking were more frequent in women. The most frequent association between two symptoms was: TMJ noises with TMJ pain, earache with headache and TMJ pain with earache. There was no statistical difference between sexes. The most frequent association of three symptoms was: TMJ noises together with TMJ pain and pain or difficulty in chewing

Estudo da prevalência de disfunção craniomandibular segundo o índice de Helkimo tendo como variáveis: sexo, faixa etária e indivíduos tratados ou não ortodonticamente

One hundred non-patient dentistry students aged 17 to 25, were interviewed through questionnaire and were clinically examined in order to asses the prevalence and degree of severtty of Craniomandibular Dysfunction, through indeces which are subdivided into three classes: anaminestic index, clinical dysfunction index, and occlusal index. The following variables were introduced to the original indeces: sex, age, and whether the subjects had or had not received orthodontic treatment. The results showed that 42% of the subjects presented mild subjective symptoms whereas, no one showed severe subjective symptoms. Women, as well as the older subjects, showed a higher trend to presenting more subjective complaints. Subjects, whether treated orthodontically or not, showed a similar trend to having dysfunction symptoms. Fifty-six per cent of the subjects presented some score of clinical dysfunction, 25% of them showed moderate or severe clinical dysfunction. Women showed a statistically significant higher index. The older subjects trented to have indeces with more severe degrees. Orthodontic treatment suggested to have no influence on the clinical dysfunction index. Sixty-six per cent of the subjects showed a mild occlusal index and 11% a severe occlusal index. Sex, age, and orthodontic treatment did not show any significant difference as to the presence or absence of malocclusion

Caracterização dos aspectos vocais de um coro infantojuvenil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relação entre incapacidade funcional, amplitude de movimento e dor em indivíduos com e sem lombalgia

Introduction: Low back pain is characterized as pain between the inferior margins of the ribs to the gluteal fold, reaching about 80% of the population throughout life. Its repercussions can affect the functionality of the subjects in their daily activities. The aim was to investigate whether a relation between symptoms of pain in the lumbar region with range of motion and functional disability. Methods: We interviewed 101 subjects with a mean age of 22.61 ± 4.06 years, these 50 participants were 51 low back pain and other complaints of back pain. OS subjects were assessed for pain by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), mobility Lumbar Schöbber test (TS), flexibility for the Test Sit and Reach (TSA) and feature the Oswestry Disability Index (IOI). For data analysis we used GraphPad Prism 5, the significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: No significant differences were found for the comparison between the TSA of the subjects with and without pain (p = 0.25), nor to compare the performance of the TS for the subjects with and without pain (p = 0.18). Conclusion: It is concluded that in cases evaluated the range of motion has no significant link with the pain but the pain in turn directly influence the functionality of them.

Relação entre postura, queixa dolorosa e lesão em bailarinas clássicas

Introduction: Due to the high recurrence of pain complaints and the increasing incidence of musculoskeletal injuries and postural changes in dance practice, researches related to this issue gained greater importance in scientific community. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate complaints and pain threshold, postural misalignments and the incidence of injuries in dancers noting if there is a relationship between these variables. Method: Participants were 15 ballet dancers in Marília - SP. We used photogrammetry for postural analysis, the McGill Pain Questionnaire for pain location of the volunteer, algometry pressure for measuring the threshold of pain perception and Referred Morbidity to verify and characterize the incidence of injuries this population. In the data analysis we use to percentage to quantify the data from questionnaires and Pearson correlation test angles of photogrammetry correlating with the values of the threshold of pain perception. Results: 73.33% of dancers reported to have suffered some kind of injury in the last year. The area of greatest pain complaint checked at McGill, was the region of the foot (73.30%). Conclusion: There was an agreement between regions of injury and pain, however, there wasn’t a correlation between the threshold of pain tolerance and postural angles.

Desempenho cognitivo-linguístico e leitura em escolares com transtorno do déficit de atençào e hiperatividade

OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was to compare the cognitive-linguistic skills performance and reading of students with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and students without behavioral and/or learning disorders. METHOD: the study included 20 students from 5th to 8th grade of elementary school. The students were divided into: Group I (GI): composed by 10 students with an interdisciplinary diagnosis of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, and Group II (GII): composed by 10 students without complaints of behavioral and/or learning disorders. The tests of metalinguistic skills and reading (PROHMELE) were used as procedure, composed of syllabic and phonemic identification, syllabic and phonemic manipulation, repetition of nonwords and reading tests. RESULTS: the results showed statistically significant differences between GI and GII, demonstrating that students from GI presented superior performances when compared to the students from GII. CONCLUSION: according to the findings of this study we can conclude that the difficulties presented by students with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder can be attributed to inattention, hyperactivity and disorganization, characteristic of this diagnosis, and not to a disorder of language of phonological basis.

Vocal complaint in physical education teachers and its association with the cardiovascular system

Background: We examined the vocal complaints and evaluated the correlation between the vocal handicap index (VHI) and heart rate variability (HRV) in physical education teachers. We evaluated 46 teachers. Method: The subjects were investigated regarding voice complaint and the VHI was applied. HRV was recorded at seated rest for ten minutes and it was analyzed in the time, frequency domains, geometric indices and fractal exponents. The three domains of the VHI were correlated with the indices of HRV. Results: The physical education teachers presented a VHI score much below the standard of the physiological normality. There was correlation of the organic domain of the VHI with the NN50 and pNN50 and correlation of the functional domain and organic domain of the VHI with the HF index of HRV. Conclusion: The physical education teachers evaluated reported vocal complaints that affected their function and it is suggested to be related with the cardiac autonomic regulation.

Relação entre potenciais evocados auditivos de média latência e distúrbio de processamento auditivo: estudo de casos

The Auditory Evoked Middle Latency Response is one of the most promising objective tests in audiology and in revealing brain dysfunction and neuro-audiologic findings. The main advantages of its clinical use are precision and objectivity in evaluating children. This study aimed to analyze the auditory evoked middle latency response in two patients with auditory processing disorder and relate objective and behavioral measures. This case study was conducted in 2 patients (P1 = 12 years, female, P2 = 17 years old, male), both with the absence of sensory abnormalities, neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Both were submitted to anamnesis, inspection of the external ear canal, hearing test and evaluation of Auditory Evoked Middle latency Response. There was a significant association between behavioral test and objectives results. In the interview, there were complaints about the difficulty in listening in a noisy environment, sound localization, inattention, and phonological changes in writing and speaking, as confirmed by evaluation of auditory processing and Auditory Evoked Middle Latency Response. Changes were observed in the right decoding process hearing in both cases on the behavioral assessment of auditory processing; auditory evoked potential test middle latency shows that the right contralateral via response was deficient, confirming the difficulties of the patients in the assignment of meaning in acoustic information in a competitive sound condition at right, in both cases. In these cases it was shown the association between the results, but there is a need for further studies with larger sample population to confirm the data.

Reclamações e gestão de crise sob a ótica das relações públicas: um estudo da empresa Wet'n Wild São Paulo

For the last few decades the relationship between companies and their market has been changing, driven by economic and political changes, new social demand, and by the technologic evolution. This new setting, combined with the creation of laws and regulatory agencies, increased the complexity of the relationship between companies and their customers, creating the need for strategies capable of handling the contemporary market's relationship. This context creates the need for new actions to deal with post-sale costume care to create customer loyalty and evaluate its overall satisfaction, in addition to treating possible complaints about their products and services. Along with the new customer's requirements in a dynamic communicational scenario, this paper addresses public relations' role in managing customer's complaints in light of crisis management. Based on the concepts of public relations, the approach of crisis and complaints management processes is constructed based on literature review and analysis of Wet'n Wild São Paulo's claims management. Therefore, the method used was document and content analysis based on documents provided by the company in order to evaluate their actions based on the concepts covered

Estudo dos fatores de risco e prevalência de cervicite por Chlamydia trachomatis em adolescentes do município de Botucatu, São Paulo

Some characteristics and behaviors, that are of young, as a tendency to rebel and take risks, deviating from the rules of society, makes it vulnerable to many detrimental aspects, such as may indiscriminate use of alcohol and drugs, practicing unsafe sex and having multiple partners, which cause, among another complications, sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The Chlamydia trachomatis causes chlamydial infection, is one of the most recurrent STD of the world. Several risk factors are already defined for Chlamydial infection, among them, age under 25 years old and sexual behavior of the risk. The objective was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia infection cervicitis in adolescent females of the Botucatu, São Paulo, and risk factors associated with this infection. It is cross-sectional study, of the populational basis, performed together the nineteen basic health units of the Botucatu, São Paulo. The data were obtained through clinical interviews and gynecological examination on samples collected for laboratory analysis. The research of C. trachomatis was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This report presents preliminary data, which represent 19% of the sample checked. Were interviewed 37 adolescents with a mean age of 17 years (between 15th and 19th years old), average of years studied of the 8,19, 40% of the families lived on less than a minimum wage by person and 24,3% dosen’t has ownership of the house where they live. Mean age of first sexual intercourse of 14 years (between 12th and 16th years old), 24,3% regularly used condoms, 5,4% had a premature birth and 8,1% reported abortion. 75,7% had any complaints in the gynecological exam, pain in lower abdomen, the most prevalent. The prevalence of vulvovaginitis or vaginal flora altered was 54,1%. The prevalence of infection by C. trachomatis was 58%. Presence content was associated infection chlamydial and age... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Percepção da criança sobre a hospitalização

Regardless of their age, hospitalized children suffer from being separated from their mothers or their attachment figures. Hospitalization is a process that is difficult for children to cope with due to their separation from families, everyday environments and embedded disease scenarios. According to age, the intensity of such suffering is related to the development phase in which a child is found. The health care professionals that are close to children, not only as concerns care provision, but also emotionally, should be knowledgeable about the mother-child attachment. emotionally, should be knowledgeable about the mother-child attachment. To evaluate children’s perception of hospitalization. The study was conducted at the pediatric hospitalization unit of the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital – UNESP by means of interviews with hospitalized children aged 7 – 12 years and by using content analysis according to Bardin. Most of the interviewed children did not like the hospital environment and reported to miss their homes. From their statements, they showed their dissatisfaction in relation to pain and their submission to invasive procedures, which were the main complaints during the interviews. Our results agree with those found in the literature in relation to the hospital environment when the children reported the fact that they missed their homes as a difficulty to adapt. The analysis of results in this study and in previous ones led to the reflection on the importance of the presence of a relative during children’s hospitalization and the adaptation process. Despite their dissatisfaction in relation to invasive procedures, none of the children tried to stop the performance of tests and understood their importance. This is a characteristic of the operational phase, which comprises the development of perception of a whole situation and is when... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)