Introduction to LVFRP Technical Document 9

As stated in the title, this is an introduction to all the reports contained in this technical document and related to the various workshops on Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) held in all the riparian countries around Lake Victoria within the LVFRP.

Transferência de renda e capital portador de juros: uma insidiosa captura

Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a relação entre capital portador de juros e programas de transferência de renda na atualidade. O objetivo pretendido é a análise da dinâmica de organização desta forma de capital e seus desdobramentos na contemporaneidade, bem como os impactos e determinações impostas às políticas sociais em tempos de financeirização do capital. Partimos da hipótese de que os programas de transferência de renda contribuem para o processo de contra-reforma das políticas sociais, tanto pela focalização preconizada como pela priorização orçamentária, em detrimento dos demais programas e projetos da assistência social, além de permitirem a remuneração do capital portador de juros por meio dos recursos que destinam às instituições bancárias. A pesquisa realizada utilizou-se de análise documental e teórica com base na tradição marxista, buscando analisar criticamente as configurações das políticas sociais na atualidade e o papel das transferências de renda. Buscamos ainda analisar o orçamento público no âmbito federal referente à Seguridade Social e, em particular, aos programas de transferência de renda no âmbito da Assistência Social. Escolhemos estudar o orçamento da Renda Mensal Vitalícia, o Benefício de Prestação Continuada e o Programa Bolsa-Família, entre os anos de 2006 e 2009, analisando os recursos que estes destinam às instituições bancárias que operacionalizam o repasse dos benefícios. O resultado da pesquisa demonstrou que os programas de transferência de renda são estratégias de contra-reformar as políticas sociais ao incentivar o processo de assistencialização da Seguridade Social visto que apresentam um aumento contínuo e substancial no âmbito orçamentário e ao operarem com a seletividade do atendimento aos mais pobres na contramão dos princípios fundamentais presentes no texto constitucional. São ainda mecanismos de alimentação do capital portador de juros ao repassarem consideráveis somas de recursos para as instituições bancárias e inserirem a classe trabalhadora pobre no mundo das finanças.

Diseño del sistema de tensor de cadena y acople de pinza de freno trasero para moto de competición.

[ES]En este documento se propone el diseño de dos sistemas imprescindibles en el tren trasero de una moto de competición, el sistema de tensor de cadena y el del acople de pinza de freno trasero. Junto a estos sistemas se diseñará, dada su relevancia, el basculante de la moto. Estos diseños se realizarán de tal manera que cumplan una serie de requisitos geométricos y de resistencia, garantizando en todo momento la estabilidad y seguridad del piloto. Se realizará también el estudio de la fabricación de cada uno de los elementos que componen los sistemas, con el fin de realizar diseños viables, que resulten económicamente factibles y mantengan un alto grado de calidad. En el proyecto se analizarán las diferentes alternativas de los sistemas que se puedan adoptar, sus ventajas y desventajas, para así poder escoger, con un alto grado de seguridad, la opción que mejor cumpla los objetivos y condiciones establecidos. Cabe destacar que este proyecto se encuentra dentro de otro de mayor envergadura consistente en el diseño y la fabricación de una motocicleta de competición para participar en el campeonato internacional llamado “MotoStudent”. Esta competición se realiza entre universidades de todo el mundo y en ella los equipos de estudiantes se enfrentan al desafío de diseñar y desarrollar un prototipo de motocicleta de competición similar a la categoría mundialista de “Moto3”.

Aquaculture, fisheries, poverty and food security

Fisheries and aquaculture play important roles in providing food and income in many developing countries, either as a stand-alone activity or in association with crop agriculture and livestock rearing. The aim of this paper is to identify how these contributions of fisheries and aquaculture to poverty reduction and food security can be enhanced while also addressing the need for a sustainability transition in over-exploited and over-capitalized capture fisheries, and for improved environmental performance and distributive justice in a rapidly growing aquaculture sector. The focus of the paper is on the poverty and food security concerns of developing countries, with an emphasis on the least developed. The emphasis is on food security rather than poverty reduction policies and strategies, although the two are of course related. The food security agenda is very much to the fore at present; fish prices rose along with other food prices in 2007-8 and as fish provide important nutritional benefits to the poor, food security has become a primary concern for sector policy.

The Lune catchment abstraction management strategy. Consultation document September 2003

This consultation document sets out the proposed future licensing strategy for the Lune Catchment Abstraction Management Strategy (CAMS) area. Following the three month consultation period, the Environment Agency will determine the final licensing strategy and publish it in the CAMS document. The strategy will provide an indication of whether new abstraction licences are likely to be available and the conditions that should be expected on licences. Water plays a vital role in the Lune catchment, providing water for public supply, supporting recreation, such as angling and canoeing, and providing sustainable flows to preserve numerous designated sites. There is minimal abstraction throughout much of the catchment, apart from the lower reaches of the River Lune. The document is split into five sections relating to the CAMS process. Sections 1 to 4 outline the CAMS process, and Section 5 outlines the proposed licensing strategy for the Lune CAMS areas. It is important to note that this strategy deals with groundwater and surface water abstractions separately; Sections 4 and 5 are split to differentiate between the surface water and groundwater results and strategy.

Summary document of the work being done in 1992-1993 regarding the migratory salmonid fisheries of the River Ribble catchment

This document lists the work on salmonid fisheries in the River Ribble catchment in the north west of England which was done in 1992-93. The document includes the following: analysis of historical catch data from the River Ribble covering 1937-1991; Ribble and Hodder stock assessment surveys 1992-93 including Swanside Beck; Ribble catch data from game angling log books 1993; results of salmon scale sampling 1993; results of microtagging programme in Hodder and Ribble 1993; Waddow Weir dish counter data 1993; Winkley Hall (Hodder), Locks Weir and Waddow Hall (Ribble) fish counter data 1993; number of fish and ova from Witcherwell Hatchery 1993.

Design and implementation of fishery modules in integrated household surveys in developing countries

Fish and other aquatic animals contribute to the food security of citizens of developing countries, both as a source of income and as a component of healthy diets, yet fishing is not currently captured in most integrated household surveys. This sourcebook provides essential technical guidance on the design of statistical modules and questionnaires aimed at collecting fishery data at the household level. Background on the main policies important to the fishery sector, information on the data needed to analyze issues of policy relevance, and methodology on the construction of survey questions to collect necessary data are also provided. The document is organized to provide essential technical guidance on how to design statistical modules and questionnaires aimed at collecting fishery data at the household level. It includes an overview of the main technical and statistical challenges related to sampling fishery-dependent households. The document starts with an introductory section identifying the potential reasons why fisheries and in particular small-scale fisheries have not been adequately included in national statistical systems in a large number of countries. The report then proposes a succinct review of what is known (and what remains unknown) about small-scale fisheries and their contribution to the livelihoods of households in sub-Saharan Africa. It also provides readers with background on the main policies that are important to the fishery sector, information on the data needed to analyze issues of policy relevance, and methodology on the construction of survey questions to collect necessary data.

Fisheries production in Asia: its role in food security and nutrition

This paper reviews the status and some management issues of fisheries production in Asia, as well as the supply and demand situation. Its food security and nutritional roles and opportunities for value addition are also discussed.

Evaluation of the contribution of fisheries and aquaculture to food security in developing countries

Fish contain important nutrients such as essential fatty acids, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A and vitamin C. Production of freshwater fish depends on the strategic application of various management techniques. The demand for fish products has increased beyond the natural supply, resulting in a high pressure on fisheries. Development of aquaculture is necessary for a rapid growth in fish production. A number of constraints hamper the development of aquaculture. Introduction of polyculture technologies in some countries is a way of maximizing production from different levels of the food chain. The roles of women in making fish products available to consumers is frequently over-looked by policy makers. Gender equity in policy-making and management of fisheries and in capacity building is an important issue. Fish production from inland waters and coastal areas can be increased by adopting cage and pen culture systems. Input subsidies and loans to resource poor farmers can boost fish production.