Zymographic patterns of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the CSF and cerebellum of dogs with subacute distemper leukoencephalitis

Distemper leukoencephalitis is a disease caused by the canine distemper virus (CDV) infection. It is a demyelinating disease affecting mainly the white matter of the cerebellum and areas adjacent to the fourth ventricle; the enzymes of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) group, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 have a key role in the myelin basic protein fragmentation and in demyelination, as well as in leukocyte traffic into the nervous milieu. To evaluate the involvement of MMPs during subacute distemper leukoencephalitis, we measured the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by zymography in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in the cerebellum of 14 dogs naturally infected with CDV and 10 uninfected dogs. The infected dogs presented high levels of pro-MMP-2 in the CSF and elevated levels of pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9 in the cerebellar tissue. Active MMP-2 was detected in the CSF of some infected dogs. As active MMP-2 and MMP-9 are required for cellular migration across the blood-brain barrier and any interference between MMPs and their inhibitors may result in an amplification of demyelination, this study gives additional support to the involvement of MMPs during subacute distemper leukoencephalitis and suggests that MMP-2 and MMP-9 may take part in the brain inflammatory changes of this disease. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Efeito da suplementação de taurina na oxidação de substratos energéticos e no desempenho de atletas nadadores

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Ontogenia do sistema sensorial de pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Characidae: Serrasalmidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Aspectos ultrassonográficos, biometria e dopplerfluxometria ocular de primatas-Alouatta fusca (BUGIO RUIVO-Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812)

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Avaliação ultrassonográfica do bulbo ocular em cães submetidos à facectomia por facoemulsificação com ou sem implante de lente intraocular

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Micropartículas biodegradáveis para liberação prolongada intraocular de cetorolaco de trometamina obtidas po Spray Drying

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Perfil de índices de refração do cristalino humano: simulação computacional

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência da deficiência de taurina no coração

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Celularidade endotelial na ceraoplastia penetrante em coelhos

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Histomorfometria do bulbo do olho de peneireiro-de-dorso-malhado (Falco tinnunculus – LINNAEUS, 1758)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fusão de métodos baseados em minúcias e em cristas para reconhecimento de impressões digitais

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Reconhecimento semi-automático de sinus frontais para identificação humana forense baseado na transformada imagem-floresta e no contexto da forma

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Histopatologia e imunoistoquímica do bulbo do olho de equinos (Equus caballus, Linnaeus, 1758) soropositivos ou soronegativos para leptospirose

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Função renal e homeostase de água, sódio e potássio em cães da raça Golden Retriever normais, portadores e afetados pela distrofia muscular

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Methylmercury intoxication activates nitric oxide synthase in chick retinal cell culture

The visual system is a potential target for methylmercury (MeHg) intoxication. Nevertheless, there are few studies about the cellular mechanisms of toxicity induced by MeHg in retinal cells. Various reports have indicated a critical role for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activation in modulating MeHg neurotoxicity in cerebellar and cortical regions. The aim of the present study is to describe the effects of MeHg on cell viability and NOS activation in chick retinal cell cultures. For this purpose, primary cultures were prepared from 7-day-old chick embryos: retinas were aseptically dissected and dissociated and cells were grown at 37ºC for 7-8 days. Cultures were exposed to MeHg (10 µM, 100 µM, and 1 mM) for 2, 4, and 6 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT method and NOS activity by monitoring the conversion of L-[H3]-arginine to L-[H3]-citrulline. The incubation of cultured retina cells with 10 and 100 µM MeHg promoted an increase of NOS activity compared to control (P < 0.05). Maximum values (P < 0.05) were reached after 4 h of MeHg incubation: increases of 81.6 ± 5.3 and 91.3 ± 3.7%, respectively (data are reported as mean ± SEM for 4 replicates). MeHg also promoted a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability, with the highest toxicity (a reduction of about 80% in cell viability) being observed at the concentration of 1 mM and after 4-6 h of incubation. The present study demonstrates for the first time the modulation of MeHg neurotoxicity in retinal cells by the nitrergic system