An analysis of the multigear, multispecies fishery in the Kenyan waters of Lake Victoria

Catch rates for both Nile perch (Lates niloticus) and dagaa (Rastrineobola argentea) from Kenyan waters of Lake Victoria have steadily increased through the 1980s, even though the fishing effort also increased during the same period. However, analysis of catch and effort data within and outside the Nyanza Gulf suggests an increase in catch rates due to a shift in effort from the inshore Gulf region to higher catch rates in the offshore region, rather than an increase in abundance. Analysis of catch rates by gear type both in and outside the Nyanza Gulf show that 1991 catch rates are lower than 1989 levels by 60-80% in some instances. Since the fishing power of these gears has increased during this period, it is likely that fish abundance declined more than catch rates. A dynamic population model is used to stimulate Nile perch dynamics. It indicates that a decline in catches should be anticipated.

Estimating input demand and output supply elasticities in gillnet and seine fishing in Guimaras Strait and adjacent waters

This contribution is a summary of the results of the study conducted by the University of the Philippines in the Visayas team from November 1990 to June 1991. The purpose of this research is to estimate demand and output supply elasticities in gillnet and seine fishing in Guimaras Strait (Philippines) and adjacent waters.

Políticas curriculares para formação de professores: processos de identificação docente (1995-2010)

Esta pesquisa busca contribuir para a compreensão e as investigações das políticas curriculares de formação de professores como ciência social, apropriando-se das teorias pós-estruturalistas. Repensa algumas temáticas como a hegemonia, o poder, a constituição das identidades docentes nas políticas curriculares, a produção do discurso pedagógico e do discurso curricular na formação de professores. Nas pesquisas sobre políticas de currículo, percebe-se que o foco na formação de professores marca o protagonismo docente, na medida em que esse agente é significado como a peça-chave nas mudanças políticas curriculares. O professor é identificado como quem ressignifica o conhecimento, dissemina e transforma o discurso político-pedagógico nas várias instâncias educacionais. Esse espaço ora é significado pela omissão de sua atuação ou formação, remetendo a um discurso de culpabilização docente, ora marcado por um espaço de endeusamento e que significa o professor como parceiro nas mudanças e projetos curriculares propostos pelos órgãos nacionais e internacionais. Esse movimento de contínua produção de significados é um movimento de endereçamento de sentidos. Os discursos produzidos nos contextos FHC e Lula convivem com diferentes discursos sociais e culturais que são reinterpretados ao mesmo tempo em que recriam novos discursos. Nessa contínua produção de sentidos, a formação de professores é marcada por uma tendência a naturalizar certos sentidos para o currículo estabelecendo uma interface entre discurso pedagógico e discurso de política curricular de formação de professores. A pesquisa apresenta um estudo na temática da identidade docente, no campo das políticas curriculares, no período dos governos Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC) e Lula da Silva (Lula), a partir da discussão sobre a formação docente como projeto curricular que busca endereçar uma dada identidade, relacionando discurso pedagógico e discurso curricular. A análise dos documentos é feita por meio da ferramenta tecnológica do programa WordSmith Tools, versão 5, investigando os endereçamentos de sentidos para a constituição da identidade docente, bem como o/s sentido/s defendido/s em cada contexto para a formação de professores. A fundamentação teórica tem por base o Ciclo de Políticas de Stephen Ball, processos de hibridização e identidade com Stuart Hall, S. Ball e Rita Frangella, Política Curricular com Alice C. Lopes, Elizabeth Macedo, Teoria do Discurso com Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe e formação de professores com Helena de Freitas, Carlinda Leite e Rosanne Dias. Defende-se que o endereçamento de sentidos e a busca por hegemonizar determinados discursos fazem parte de uma luta de poder, de articulações que constituem sujeitos e contextos e, por isso, produzem processos provisórios e contingentes de constituição de identidades docentes. Entende-se, nessa perspectiva, que não existe uma identidade fixa e universal que possa dar conta de representar o social. A tese apresentada é de antagonismo entre os projetos políticos, aqui denominados como FHC e Lula, pois engendram discursos de formação de identidade docente que defendem, ao mesmo tempo em que justificam, a necessidade de mudanças nas políticas curriculares de formação de professores e na significação do discurso pedagógico mais adequado para cada contexto. Contudo, apesar de defenderem diferentes discursos e concepções de identidade docente, acabam por assemelharem-se nas propostas finais por meio dos mecanismos de aferição da qualidade docente pautados em índices nacionais e internacionais através de avaliações, minimizando dessa forma o antagonismo entre as duas propostas. Conclui-se que há antagonismo entre as duas cadeias discursivas e, ainda que em alguns momentos enfraquecidos por força de demandas à margem do projeto político social mais amplo, permanecem antagônicas mesmo que por sutis diferenças

Assessment of the Distribution and Abundance of Coastal Sharks in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and Eastern Seaboard, 1995 and 1996

During 1995 and 1996, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), conducted pilot studies to develop survey methodology and a sampling strategy for assessment of coastal shark populations in the Gulf of Mexico and western North Atlantic. Longline gear similar to that used in the commercial shark fishery was deployed at randomly selected stations within three depth strata per 60 nautical mile gridf rom Brownsville, Tex. to Cape Ann, Mass. The survey methodology and gear design used in these surveys proved effective for capturing many of the small and large coastal sharks regulated under the auspices of the 1993 Fisheries Management Plan (FMP) for Sharks oft he Atlantic Ocean. Shark catch rates, species composition, and relative abundance documented in these pilot surveys were similar to those reported from observer programs monitoring commercial activities. During 78 survey days, 269 bottom longline sets were completed with 879 sharks captured.

The 1996 U.S. Purse Seine Fishery for Tropical Tunas in the Central-Western Pacific Ocean

The U.S. tropical tuna purse seine fleet has fished the central-western Pacific Ocean under the South Pacific Tuna Treaty since 1988. The 1996 fishery was the poorest since the start ofthe Treaty. Fishing effort declined due to the financial collapse of a large fishing enterprise. Catches reached record lows for yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, and skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, and continued a declining trend that started in 1995. Catch rates also decreased to the lowest levels since 1991. Whether this declining trend in catch rates is due to reduced availability of fish caused by cyclic ocean environmental changes affecting vulnerability or to reduced abundance from excessive fishing pressure is not yet known and needs to be assessed.

The Atlantic and Gulf Menhaden Purse Seine Fisheries: Origins, Harvesting Technologies, Biostatistical Monitoring, Recent Trends in Fisheries Statistics, and Forecasting

With its genesis in New England during the 1800's, the purse seine fishery for Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus, expanded south and by the early 1900's ranged the length of the eastern seaboard. The purse seine fishery for Gulf menhaden. B. patronus, is of relatively recent development, exploitation of the stock beginning in the late 1940's. Landings from both fisheries annually comprise 35-40% of the total U. S. fisheries landings, ranking menhaden first in terms of volume landed. Technological advances in harvesting methods, fish-spotting capabilities, and vessel designs accelerated after World War II, resulting in larger, faster, and wider-ranging carrier vessels, improved speed and efficiency of the harvest, and reduction in labor requirements. Chief products of the menhaden industry are fish meal, fish oil, and solubles, but research into new product lines is underway. Since 1955 on the Atlantic coast and 1964 on the Gulf coast, the NMFS has monitored the fisheries for biostatistical data. Annual data summaries of numbers-of-fish-at-age harvested, catch tonnage, and fishing effort of the fleet form the basis of routine stock assessments and annual catch forecasts to industry for the upcoming fishing season. After landings declined in the 1960's, the Atlantic menhaden stock has recovered through the 1970's and 1980's. Exceptional year classes of Gulf menhaden in recent years account for record landings during the 1980's.

Organizações intergovernamentais na cooperação nuclear e cientifica entre Argentina e Brasil (1991-2011): uma resposta da periferia

Esta dissertação analisa cinco instituições intergovernamentais na cooperação nuclear e científica entre Argentina e o Brasil, que em diferentes etapas evolutivas procuram o aprofundamento do diálogo entre os dois países geradores do processo de integração da América do Sul. Tais organizações encontram-se permeadas por condições econômicas, políticas e de avanço científico, de ordem interno e externo, que definimos nos termos da CEPAL, como típicas da periferia. As instituições estudadas abrangem as décadas de 1991-2011 e analisamos como na procura por uma melhor inserção internacional, elas respondem às potências do centro: por uma parte seguindo as regras impostas e por outra na busca de algum grau de independência. A pesquisa apresenta uma clara preocupação pelo desenvolvimento, que foi entendido pelas lideranças argentinas e brasileiras no âmbito da cooperação e que oferece a possibilidade de formar blocos institucionais que forneçam à região uma maior ação no sistema internacional.

Cheshire Meres 1995, May-June

This is the Cheshire Meres 1995, May – June Surveys Report from the National Rivers Authority, 1995. The report focuses on the surveys of ten Cheshire Meres in November 1994 and then again in May-June 1995 as part of a rolling program examining the water quality of this group of still waters. The ten meres surveyed were: Betley, Budworth, Combermere, Hatchmere, Oak mere, Pick mere, Redes, Rostheme, Tabley, and Tatton. This report discusses the results of the May-June survey before making a comparison between these and the November survey results. The section on results contains information about suspended solids (S.S.) and volatile suspended solids (V.S.S.); Nitrate and Nitrite; Ammonia; ortho-Phosphate; Silicate and Soluble reactive Silica; and total Phosphorus.

South Area still waters 1995 November surveys

This is the South Area still waters 1995 November surveys from the National Rivers Authority, 1996. The report focuses on the surveys of ten Cheshire Meres (Betley, Budworth, Combermere, Hatchmere, Oak mere, Pick mere, Redes, Rostherne, Tabley, and Tatton) previously surveyed in November 1994 and May 1995. Eight others (Chapel Mere, Little Mere, Marbury Mere, Mere Mere, Oss Mere, Petty Pool, Quoisley Big Mere and Tabley Moat) were surveyed for the first time. Two other lakes, Carr Mill Dam and Pennington Flash, were surveyed. Neither of these are considered to be part of the Cheshire meres group of lakes but are of a Regional interest. This report discusses the results of the November 1995 survey before making a comparison between these and the November 1994 survey results. The section on results contains information about water column profile; nutrients (chlorophyll a; Phaeophytin; Nitrate and Nitrite; Ammonia; ortho-Phosphate; Silicate; and total Phosphorus.

River Gowy rapid corridor survey July 1995. Ecology South Mersey

This is the River Gowy rapid corridor survey July 1995: Ecology South Mersey report produced by the National Rivers Authority North West Region in 1995. This report looks at the survey carried out by the South Mersey Ecology Team prior to routine deweeding operations on the main River Gowy at the end of July, 1995. The survey covered Flood Defence Stretch References RGOW03 to RGOW16. These stretches were further divided into a series of 43 stretches, each one being approximately 500m in length for ease o f mapping by Ecology. Recommendations for each length have been cross-referenced with the Bill of Quantities where possible, e.g. retention o f margins. In Flood Defence stretch RGOW03, the South West Winter Wetland forms an important habitat for birds. In stretches RGOW04 to RGOW05, the Gowy Meadows and Ditches have been designated a Grade A, Site of Biological Importance, by Cheshire County Council due to the nature of the acidic grassland and diverse ditches. In stretches RGOWIO to RGOW11 the left bank forms Hockenhull Platts, Grade A Site of Biological Importance and County Trust Reserve. In stretches RGOW15 to RGOW16, the area from Mill Farm to the Shropshire Union Canal is a Grade A Site of Biological Importance. These sites are very sensitive and detailed recommendations for working practices can be found in the relevant sections o f the survey.

A report on the strategic fisheries stock assessment survey of the River Winster 1995 together with a coarse fish survey in 1994 and reference to the 1995 drought

This is the report on the strategic fisheries stock assessment survey of the River Winster 1995 together with a coarse fish survey in 1994 and reference to the 1995 drought, produced by the Environment Agency North West in 1996. Salmonid production within the Winster catchment was dominated by trout although good densities of salmon juveniles were found on some main river sites. Despite suffering drought conditions for much of 1995, only salmon fry production appeared to have been affected. Coarse fish populations once found in the lower reaches of the Winster appear to have declined to very low levels with no fish sampled. This may be partly due to broken tidal gates allowing saline intrusion. It seems that the lower river was suited to the development of a recreational coarse fishery, now that the gates have been repaired. This report completes the strategic stock assessment surveys planned for the period 1992-1995. It represents the last major catchment that was surveyed to determine the current status of fisheries in the South and South West Cumbria areas.

Brown trout habitat assessment on the River Bela catchment (as recommended by the strategic fisheries stock assessment task group 1995)

This is the Brown trout habitat assessment on the River Bela catchment produced by the Environment Agency North West in 1997. The Environment Agency (EA) and its predecessor the National Rivers Authority undertook strategic fish stock assessments in 1992 and 1995 on the River Bela catchment. These surveys found low numbers of brown trout {Salmo trutta) at some sites. Following this, habitat evaluation assessments were undertaken on the eleven poorest sites Factors probably responsible for declining trout populations on the three main tributaries of the Bela catchment include: Overgrazing by farm stock; Lack of suitable cover for parr; the absence of suitable spawning areas; existing potential of certain areas within the catchment not being utilised, due to poor dispersal. Habitat Improvement Schemes (H.I.S) are discussed and prioritised.

Análise comparativa das políticas públicas para a educação superior no Brasil (1995-2010): ruptura e/ou continuidade?

O trabalho a ser desenvolvido tem como objetivo compreender a relação complexa da política pública para a educação superior, entre 1995 e 2010, utilizando arcabouço teórico do neo-institucionalismo. Por meio da análise tridimensional da política (polity, politics e policy), a pesquisa procurará construir o ambiente multifacetado do processo de gestão da política pública, que teve início na constituição da agenda pública e perpassa a formulação e a implementação da política educacional nos governos dos presidentes Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995 a 2002) e Luis Inácio Lula da Silva (2003 a 2010). O fio condutor é a dinâmica da Arena Decisória de Educação Superior, na qual a política pública gestada pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) influenciou e foi influenciada pelo conjunto de atores governamentais e sociais. A política pública foi entendida como um conjunto sistêmico interdependente de Sete Pilares, a saber: autonomia, centralização do poder decisório, avaliação, formação de professores, flexibilização curricular, expansão e financiamento, que contribuíram para intervenção do Poder Público em prol da expansão da educação superior. Levando-se em conta as especificidades de cada momento histórico, o trabalho pretende construir um ambiente socioeconômico e as limitações fiscais, a fim de estabelecer uma análise comparativa entre as duas presidências.

Breeding populations of seabirds in California, 1989-1991. Volume I - population estimates

In 1989-1991, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service surveyed breeding populations of seabirds on the entire California coast. This study was sponsored by the Minerals Management Service in relation to outer continental shelf oil and gas leasing. At 483 nesting sites (excluding terns and skimmers in southern California), we estimated 643,307 breeding birds of 21 seabird species including: 410 Fork-tailed Storm-petrel (Oceanodroma furcata); 12,551 Leach's Storm-petrel (O. leucorhoa); 7,209 Ashy Storm-petrel (O. homochroa); 274 Black Storm-petrel (O. melania); 11,916 Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis); 10,037 Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus); 83,394 Brandt's Cormorant (P. penicillatus); 14,345 Pelagic Cormorant (P. pelagicus); 888 Black Oystercatcher (Haemotopus bachmani); 4,764 California Gull (Larus californicus); 61,760 Western Gull (L. occidentalis); 2,838 Caspian Tern (Sterna caspia) (excluding southern California); 3,550 Forster's Tern (S. forsteri) (excluding southern California); 272 Least Tern (S. albifrons) (excluding southern California); 351,336 Common Murre (Uria aalge); 15,470 Pigeon Guillemot (Cepphus columba); 1,821 Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus); 1,760 Xantus' Murrelet (Endomychura hypoleuca); 56,562 Cassin's Auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus); 1,769 Rhinoceros Auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata); and 276 Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata). The inland, historical or hybrid breeding status of American White Pelican (P. erythrorynchus), American Oystercatcher (H. palliatus), Heermann's Gull (L. heermanni), Ring-billed Gull (L. delawarensis), Glaucous-winged Gull (L. glaucescens) and Black Tern (Chlidonias niger) are discussed. Estimates for Gull-billed Tern (S. nilotica), Royal Tern (S. maxima), Elegant Tern (S. elegans) and Black Skimmer (Rhynchops niger) will be included in the final draft of this report. Overall numbers were slightly lower than reported in 1975-1980 surveys (summarized in Sowls et al. 1980. Catalog of California seabird colonies. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv., Biol. Serv. Prog., FWS/OBS 37/80). Recent declines were found or suspected for Fork-tailed Storm-petrel, Leach's Storm-petrel, White Pelican, Black Tern, Caspian Tern, Least Tern, Common Murre and Marbled Murrelet. Recent increases were found or suspected for Brown Pelican, Double-crested cormorant, California Gull, Western Gull, Forster's Tern and Rhinoceros Auklet. Similar numbers were found for other species or trends could not be determined without additional surveys, studies and/or more in-depth comparisons with previous surveys. The status of terns and skimmers in southern California has not yet been finalized.