Efficiency of low versus high airline pressure on stunning cattle with penetrating captive bolt guns.

2016

Low codimensional intrinsic regular submanifolds in the Heisenberg group H^n

The thesis mainly concerns the study of intrinsically regular submanifolds of low codimension in the Heisenberg group H^n, called H-regular surfaces of low codimension, from the point of view of geometric measure theory. We consider an H-regular surface of H^n of codimension k, with k between 1 and n, parametrized by a uniformly intrinsically differentiable map acting between two homogeneous complementary subgroups of H^n, with target subgroup horizontal of dimension k. In particular the considered submanifold is the intrinsic graph of the parametrization. We extend various results of Ambrosio, Serra Cassano and Vittone, available for the case when k = 1. We prove that the uniform intrinsic differentiability of the parametrizing map is equivalent to the existence and continuity of its intrinsic differential, to the local existence of a suitable approximating family of Euclidean regular maps, and, when the domain and the codomain of the map are orthogonal, to the existence and continuity of suitably defined intrinsic partial derivatives of the function. Successively, we present a series of area formulas, proved in collaboration with V. Magnani. They allow to compute the (2n+2−k)-dimensional spherical Hausdorff measure and the (2n+2−k)-dimensional centered Hausdorff measure of the parametrized H-regular surface, with respect to any homogeneous distance fixed on H^n. Furthermore, we focus on (G,M)-regular sets of G, where G and M are two arbitrary Carnot groups. Suitable implicit function theorems ensure the local existence of an intrinsic parametrization of such a set, at any of its points. We prove that it is uniformly intrinsically differentiable. Finally, we prove a coarea-type inequality for a continuously Pansu differentiable function acting between two Carnot groups endowed with homogeneous distances. We assume that the level sets of the function are uniformly lower Ahlfors regular and that the Pansu differential is everywhere surjective.

Spectral asymptotic properties of semi-regular non-commutative harmonic oscillators

The study carried out in this thesis is devoted to spectral analysis of systems of PDEs related also with quantum physics models. Namely, the research deals with classes of systems that contain certain quantum optics models such as Jaynes-Cummings, Rabi and their generalizations that describe light-matter interaction. First we investigate the spectral Weyl asymptotics for a class of semiregular systems, extending to the vector-valued case results of Helffer and Robert, and more recently of Doll, Gannot and Wunsch. Actually, the asymptotics by Doll, Gannot and Wunsch is more precise (that is why we call it refined) than the classical result by Helffer and Robert, but deals with a less general class of systems, since the authors make an hypothesis on the measure of the subset of the unit sphere on which the tangential derivatives of the X-Ray transform of the semiprincipal symbol vanish to infinity order. Abstract Next, we give a meromorphic continuation of the spectral zeta function for semiregular differential systems with polynomial coefficients, generalizing the results by Ichinose and Wakayama and Parmeggiani. Finally, we state and prove a quasi-clustering result for a class of systems including the aforementioned quantum optics models and we conclude the thesis by showing a Weyl law result for the Rabi model and its generalizations.

Práticas educativas: conscientização sobre atividade física regular

Introdução à Práticas Educativas: grupos e individuais, através do estudo do histórico, conceitos, atributos e modelos nacionais e internacionais. Saúde contextualizada na cidade ficcional de Santa Fé a partir de áudio sobre a prática regular de atividades físicas.

Proposta de inserção dos indivíduos com transtornos mentais comuns, usuários da atenção primária à saúde, na prática regular de atividade física

Estudos confirmam a alta prevalência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) (ansiedade e depressão) na clientela atendida pelas equipes de Saúde da Família. Portanto, torna-se fundamental que as equipes das unidades básicas de saúde tenham atenção especial aos transtornos mentais comuns na comunidade. O presente estudo tem como objetivo propor um plano de ação para que indivíduos com TMC em tratamento de Saúde Mental nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde sejam inseridos na prática de atividade física regular no Projeto Academia da Cidade da comunidade do Aglomerado da Serra na cidade de Belo Horizonte. A inserção é justificada, baseando-se na literatura, pela relação positiva entre exercício físico e transtornos mentais, e ainda, através da necessidade de inclusão social do indivíduo com transtorno mental em atividades desenvolvidas na comunidade. Os dados foram levantados utilizando o Método da Estimativa Rápida, nos períodos de Fevereiro a Abril de 2012, baseava em Dados Secundários, Entrevistas com Informantes-chave e Relatório de Observação Ativa da área de abrangência. Os resultados deram origem ao Plano operativo composto pelas ações para a Inserção de usuários portadores de saúde mental na prática regular de atividade física do Projeto Academia da Cidade juntamente com ações interdisciplinares e objetivando resultados como, o aumento do convívio social, combate ao sedentarismo, a melhoria dos hábitos saudáveis, a diminuição da ociosidade, a promoção da saúde, bem estar e melhoria da autoestima. Foram, também, identificadas as estratégicas, os responsáveis e os prazos para o desenvolvimento das ações. Por fim, considera-se o plano de ação viável para que seja implantado também nas outras regiões da cidade e outras cidades no Brasil. Sugere-se, que seja realizado estudo para verificar o impacto deste Plano de Ação.

Otimização do controle da hipertensão arterial sistêmica através da prática regular de atividade física

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é considerada como um problema grave de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi elaborar um projeto de intervenção para incentivar a população hipertensa a aderir à prática regular de atividade física visando à melhoria do controle pressórico dos pacientes da Equipe de Saúde da Família Durval de Barros E, do município de Ibirité, Minas Gerais. Antes, porém, foi realizada uma pesquisa na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, no SciELO, com os descritores: hipertensão, atividade física e promoção da saúde para maior consistência ao plano de intervenção. Foram também pesquisados os Programas do Ministério da Saúde. Com a implementação do Plano de intervenção, espera-se alcançar o aumento da adesão ao tratamento das pessoas hipertensas, principalmente com o projeto de flexibilização dos horários das atividades, voltada para os pacientes trabalhadores. Espera-se, ainda, a conscientização sobre a condição de hipertenso e sobre a importância da prática regular de atividade física.

Incentivo à prática regular de atividade física e redução do sedentarismo no distrito de São José de Almeida, Jaboticatubas - MG

O sedentarismo é caracterizado como a ausência ou baixos níveis de atividade física. A prática regular de atividade física está associada de forma positiva ao funcionamento dos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório e musculoesquelético, bem como contribui para a saúde psicológica, bem estar e redução dos riscos de desenvolvimento de diversas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. O sedentarismo constitui-se, portanto, como principal fator de risco para a morte súbita, causa ou agravamento da grande maioria das doenças. O objetivo do estudo é propor um plano de intervenção para redução do sedentarismo na população adstrita à equipe Azul da UBS Cecília Rodrigues Miranda do Distrito de São José de Almeida, município de Jaboticatubas, Minas Gerais. A realização de um diagnóstico situacional identificou altos níveis de inatividade física nesta população associados a diversos problemas de saúde. O plano prevê ações que incentivem uma mudança comportamental, principalmente relacionada à prática regular de atividade física, capaz de atingir aspectos relacionados à busca pelo bem estar e que, de forma sustentável, possa reverter alguns hábitos locais nocivos à saúde.

A prática regular de atividade física no tratamento da hipertensão arterial na população da ESF Major Prates

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma condição clínica multifatorial, caracterizada por níveis elevados e sustentados da pressão arterial e que representa um sério problema de saúde púlica. Com base nesse fato, este trabalho trata-se de uma proposta de intervenção para a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) do bairro Major Prates, em Montes Claros- Minas Gerais, sobre a prática regular de atividades físicas e o os seus benefícios na HAS. O objetivo deste projeto é estimular a prática regular de atividade física e averiguar o efeito benéfico dos exercícios no nível da pressão arterial. O plano de ação apresentado consiste de estratégias para auxiliar a equipe em estimular a prática de exercício físico na população através de caminhadas matinais, exercícios aeróbicos e na academia ao ar livre, acompanhar a adesão ao programa, convocar os faltosos e avaliar os resultados após os meses dessa intervenção. Espera-se que ao final do período seja verificada uma melhora significativa nos níveis pressóricos e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes envolvidos no projeto

Impaired Compensatory Beta-cell Function And Growth In Response To High-fat Diet In Ldl Receptor Knockout Mice.

In this study, we investigated the effect of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) deficiency on gap junctional connexin 36 (Cx36) islet content and on the functional and growth response of pancreatic beta-cells in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. After 60 days on regular or HF diet, the metabolic state and morphometric islet parameters of wild-type (WT) and LDLr-/- mice were assessed. HF diet-fed WT animals became obese and hypercholesterolaemic as well as hyperglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic, glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, characterizing them as prediabetic. Also they showed a significant decrease in beta-cell secretory response to glucose. Overall, LDLr-/- mice displayed greater susceptibility to HF diet as judged by their marked cholesterolaemia, intolerance to glucose and pronounced decrease in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. HF diet induced similarly in WT and LDLr-/- mice, a significant decrease in Cx36 beta-cell content as revealed by immunoblotting. Prediabetic WT mice displayed marked increase in beta-cell mass mainly due to beta-cell hypertrophy/replication. Nevertheless, HF diet-fed LDLr-/- mice showed no significant changes in beta-cell mass, but lower islet-duct association (neogenesis) and higher beta-cell apoptosis index were seen as compared to controls. The higher metabolic susceptibility to HF diet of LDLr-/- mice may be explained by a deficiency in insulin secretory response to glucose associated with lack of compensatory beta-cell expansion.

Matrix Metalloproteinases And Left Ventricular Function And Structure In Spinal Cord Injured Subjects.

Subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) exhibit impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, which has been reported to be attenuated by regular physical activity. This study investigated the relationship between circulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) and echocardiographic parameters in SCI subjects and the role of physical activity in this regard. Forty-two men with SCI [19 sedentary (S-SCI) and 23 physically-active (PA-SCI)] were evaluated by clinical, anthropometric, laboratory, and echocardiographic analysis. Plasmatic pro-MMP-2, MMP-2, MMP-8, pro-MMP-9, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and zymography. PA-SCI subjects presented lower pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-2/TIMP-2 levels and improved markers of LV diastolic function (lower E/Em and higher Em and E/A values) than S-SCI ones. Bivariate analysis showed that pro-MMP-2 correlated inversely with Em and directly with E/Em, while MMP-9 correlated directly with LV mass index and LV end-diastolic diameter in the whole sample. Following multiple regression analysis, pro-MMP-2, but not physical activity, remained associated with Em, while MMP-9 was associated with LV mass index in the whole sample. These findings suggest differing roles for MMPs in LV structure and function regulation and an interaction among pro-MMP-2, diastolic function and physical activity in SCI subjects.

[recommendations For Physical Exercise Practice During Pregnancy: A Critical Review].

Physical exercise is recommended for all healthy pregnant women. Regular practice of exercises during pregnancy can provide many physical and psychological benefits, with no evidence of adverse outcomes for the fetus or the newborn when exercise is performed at mild to moderate intensity. However, few pregnant women engage in this practice and many still have fears and doubts about the safety of exercise. The objective of the present study was to inform the professionals who provide care for Brazilian pregnant women about the current recommendations regarding physical exercise during pregnancy based on the best scientific evidence available. In view of the perception that few systematic models are available about this topic and after performing several studies in this specific area, we assembled practical information of interest to both the professionals and the pregnant women. We also provide recommendations about the indications, contraindications, modalities (aerobics, resistance training, stretching and pelvic floor training), frequency, intensity and duration indicated for each gestational trimester. The review addresses physical exercise recommendation both for low risk pregnant women and for special populations, such as athletes and obese, hypertensive and diabetic subjects. The advantages of an active and healthy lifestyle should be always reinforced during and after gestation since pregnancy is an appropriate period to introduce new habits because pregnant women are usually more motivated to adhere to recommendations. Thus, routine exams, frequent returns and supervision are recommended in order to provide new guidelines that will have long-term beneficial effects for both mother and child.

Variables Associated With The Performance Of Centers For Dental Specialties In Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Centers for Dental Specialties (CDS) in the country and associations with sociodemographic indicators of the municipalities, structural variables of services and primary health care organization in the years 2004-2009. The study used secondary data from procedures performed in the CDS to the specialties of periodontics, endodontics, surgery and primary care. Bivariate analysis by χ2 test was used to test the association between the dependent variable (performance of the CDS) with the independents. Then, Poisson regression analysis was performed. With regard to the overall achievement of targets, it was observed that the majority of CDS (69.25%) performance was considered poor/regular. The independent factors associated with poor/regular performance of CDS were: municipalities belonging to the Northeast, South and Southeast regions, with lower Human Development Index (HDI), lower population density, and reduced time to deployment. HDI and population density are important for the performance of the CDS in Brazil. Similarly, the peculiarities related to less populated areas as well as regional location and time of service implementation CDS should be taken into account in the planning of these services.

Patients' Perceptions About Diagnosis And Treatment Of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Cross-sectional Study Among Brazilian Patients.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) requires strict daily compliance with oral medication and regular blood and bone marrow control tests. The objective was to evaluate CML patients' perceptions about the disease, their access to information regarding the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment, adverse effects and associations of these variables with patients' demographics, region and healthcare access. Prospective cross-sectional study among CML patients registered with the Brazilian Lymphoma and Leukemia Association (ABRALE). CML patients receiving treatment through the public healthcare system were interviewed by telephone. Among 1,102 patients interviewed, the symptoms most frequently leading them to seek medical care were weakness or fatigue. One third were diagnosed by means of routine tests. The time that elapsed between first symptoms and seeking medical care was 42.28 ± 154.21 days. Most patients had been tested at least once for Philadelphia chromosome, but 43.2% did not know the results. 64.8% had had polymerase chain reaction testing for the BCR/ABL gene every three months. 47% believed that CML could be controlled, but 33.1% believed that there was no treatment. About 24% reported occasionally stopping their medication. Imatinib was associated with nausea, cramps and muscle pain. Self-reported treatment adherence was significantly associated with normalized blood count, and positively associated with imatinib. There is a lack of information or understanding about disease monitoring tools among Brazilian CML patients; they are diagnosed quickly and have good access to treatment. Correct comprehension of CML control tools is impaired in Brazilian patients.

Graded Meshes In Bio-thermal Problems With Transmission-line Modeling Method.

In this study, the transmission-line modeling (TLM) applied to bio-thermal problems was improved by incorporating several novel computational techniques, which include application of graded meshes which resulted in 9 times faster in computational time and uses only a fraction (16%) of the computational resources used by regular meshes in analyzing heat flow through heterogeneous media. Graded meshes, unlike regular meshes, allow heat sources to be modeled in all segments of the mesh. A new boundary condition that considers thermal properties and thus resulting in a more realistic modeling of complex problems is introduced. Also, a new way of calculating an error parameter is introduced. The calculated temperatures between nodes were compared against the results obtained from the literature and agreed within less than 1% difference. It is reasonable, therefore, to conclude that the improved TLM model described herein has great potential in heat transfer of biological systems.

Dentin Bond Strength Of A Fluoride-releasing Adhesive System Submitted To Ph-cycling.

To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of a fluoride-containing adhesive system submitted to a pH-cycling and storage time regimen for primary outcomes. As secondary outcomes the fluoride released amount was evaluated. Twelve dentin surfaces from sound third molar were divided into 2 groups according to adhesive systems: Clearfil SE Protect (PB) and Clearfil SE Bond (SE). Sticks obtained (1.0 mm2) from teeth were randomly divided into 3 subgroups according to storage regimen model: immediate (24h); 5-month deionized water (W); and pH-cycling model (C). All sticks were tested for µTBS in a universal testing machine. Fluoride concentration was obtained from 1-4 days and 30-day in W and 1-4 days in demineralization (DE)/remineralization (RE) solutions from C, using a fluoride-specific electrode. µTBS and fluoride released data were, respectively, submitted to ANOVA in a split plot design and Tukey, and Friedman' tests (a=0.05). There was no significant interaction between adhesive system and storage regimen for µTBS. W showed the lowest µTBS values. There was no significant difference between 24 h and C models for µTBS. There was no significant difference between adhesive systems. Failure mode was predominantly cohesive within composite for the 24 h and W, for the C group it was mixed for SE and cohesive within composite for PB adhesive system. Fluoride concentrations in the DE/RE solutions were less than 0.03125 ppm and not detected in W. In conclusion, the fluoride-containing adhesive system performed similarly to the regular one. Hydrolytic degradation is the main problem with both adhesive systems, regardless of fluoride contents.